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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vertical stress distribution due to an arbitrarily shaped foundation using triangulation and an analytical expression for a triangular loaded region (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 15 (1991), S. 51-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: Using the basic Boussinesq's equation, the expression for the vertical stress distribution (σz) underneath any point on the ground surface due to a general triangular loaded region in a preferred orientation with a linearly varied loading has been successfully derived. When the triangle is not in a preferred orientation, a simple axis transformation is required and the expression will be equally applicable. Based on this expression, σz due to an arbitrarily shaped loaded foundation can simply be determined by first triangulating the loaded area and summing up the contributions from each generated triangular region. The procedures for triangulating and calculating the stress distribution can be simply automated through computer programs.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610150105
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A numerical model for wave scattering problems in infinite media due to p- and sv-wave incidences (1992)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 33 (1992), S. 1661-1682 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Based on elastic wave motion theory and the superposition concept, a numerical model for wave scattering problems in infinite media due to P-wave and SV-wave incidences is presented in this paper. Since this model is based on a coupled system of finite and infinite elements for simulating wave propagation in infinite media, the complexity of geometry and the variability of material properties in the foundation can be realistically simulated. Through a systematic study of the characteristics of a plane harmonic P-wave and SV-wave incidences on a fixed boundary, the concept of stress increase factors and stress factors which can be used to calculate the generalized stresses on the wave input boundary due to the SV-wave and P-wave incidences is also proposed. The effects of incident wave mode, incident angle and Poisson's ratio in the foundation on the stress increase factors and the stress factors have been studied in detail. Finally, the proposed model has been applied to a half-plane foundation and a semi-circular canyon to calculate SV-wave and P-wave scattering problems. The numerical results obtained show good agreement with the theoretical results and Wong's analytical results.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620330808
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Discussion on: Vertical stress distribution due to an arbitrarily shaped foundation using triangulation and an analytical expression for a triangular loaded region (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 16 (1992), S. 377-381 
    Details
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610160506
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  • 4
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    Carbon isotope signatures of pedogenic carbonates from SE China: rapid atmospheric pCO2 changes during middle-late Early Cretaceous time (2014)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-15
    Description: Lower Cretaceous pedogenic carbonates exposed in SE China have been dated by U–Pb isotope measurements on single zircons taken from intercalated volcanic rocks, and the ages integrated with existing stratigraphy. 13 C values of calcretes range from –7.0 to –3.0 and can be grouped into five episodes of increasing–decreasing values. The carbon isotope proxy derived from these palaeosol carbonates suggests p CO 2 mostly in the range 1000–2000 parts per million by volume (ppmV) at S ( z ) (CO 2 contributed by soil respiration) = 2500 ppmV and 25°C during the Hauterivian–Albian interval ( c . 30 Ma duration). Such atmospheric CO 2 levels are 4–8 times pre-industrial values, almost double those estimated by geochemical modelling and much higher than those established from stomatal indices in fossil plants. Rapid rises in p CO 2 are identified for early Hauterivian, middle Barremian, late Aptian, early Albian and middle Albian time, and rapid falls for intervening periods. These episodic cyclic changes in p CO 2 are not attributed to local tectonism and volcanism but rather to global changes. The relationship between reconstructed p CO 2 and the development of large igneous provinces (LIPs) remains unclear, although large-scale extrusion of basalt may well be responsible for relatively high atmospheric levels of this greenhouse gas. Suggested levels of relatively low p CO 2 correspond in timing to intervals of regional to global enrichment of marine carbon in sediments and negative carbon isotope ( 13 C) excursions characteristic of the oceanic anoxic events OAE1a (Selli Event), Kilian and Paquier events (constituting part of the OAE 1b cluster) and OAE1d. Short-term episodes of high p CO 2 coincide with negligible carbon isotope excursions associated with the Faraoni Event and the Jacob Event. Given that episodes of regional organic carbon burial would draw down CO 2 and negative 13 C excursions indicate the addition of isotopically light carbon to the ocean–atmosphere system, controls on the carbon cycle in controlling p CO 2 during Early Cretaceous time were clearly complex and made more so by atmospheric composition also being affected by changes in silicate weathering intensity.
    Print ISSN: 0016-7568
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-5081
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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  • 5
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    Observations of shock waves in cloud cavitation (1998)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-01-25
    Description: This paper describes an investigation of the dynamics and acoustics of cloud cavitation, the structures which are often formed by the periodic breakup and collapse of a sheet or vortex cavity. This form of cavitation frequently causes severe noise and damage, though the precise mechanism responsible for the enhancement of these adverse effects is not fully understood. In this paper, we investigate the large impulsive surface pressures generated by this type of cavitation and correlate these with the images from high-speed motion pictures. This reveals that several types of propagating structures (shock waves) are formed in a collapsing cloud and dictate the dynamics and acoustics of collapse. One type of shock wave structure is associated with the coherent collapse of a well-defined and separate cloud when it is convected into a region of higher pressure. This type of global structure causes the largest impulsive pressures and radiated noise. But two other types of structure, termed 'crescent-shaped regions' and leading-edge structures' occur during the less-coherent collapse of clouds. These local events are smaller and therefore produce less radiated noise but the interior pressure pulse magnitudes are almost as large as those produced by the global events. The ubiquity and severity of these propagating shock wave structures provides a new perspective on the mechanisms reponsible for noise and damage in cavitating flows involving clouds of bubbles. It would appear that shock wave dynamics rather than the collapse dynamics of single bubbles determine the damage and noise in many cavitating flows.
    Print ISSN: 0022-1120
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-7645
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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