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  • 1
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    Teleseismic detection of a slow precursor to the great 1989 macquarie ridge earthquake (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-07-09
    Description: Low-frequency spectra for the 1989 Macquarie Ridge earthquake (magnitude 8.2) show an amplitude increase and a phase-delay decrease below 6 millihertz that require a short-term slow precursor. This earthquake can be modeled as a compound event in which a fast-rupturing, ordinary earthquake was initiated by an episode of slow, smooth deformation that began more than 100 seconds before the main shock. The moment released in the slow precursor was large, about 3 x 10(20) newton-meters, equivalent to an event of magnitude 7.6. The data are consistent with the precursor being generated in a region of the oceanic upper mantle below the main rupture.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ihmle, P F -- Harabaglia, P -- Jordan, T H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jul 9;261(5118):177-83.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17829271" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Comparisons between seismic Earth structures and mantle flow models based on radial correlation functions (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-09-10
    Description: Three-dimensional numerical simulations were conducted of mantle convection in which flow through the transition zone is impeded by either a strong chemical change or an endothermic phase change. The temperature fields obtained from these models display a well-defined minimum in the vertical correlation length at or near the radius where the barrier is imposed, even when the fields were filtered to low angular and radial resolutions. However, evidence for such a feature is lacking in the shear-velocity models derived by seismic tomography. This comparison suggests that any stratification induced by phase or chemical changes across the mid-mantle transition zone has a relatively small effect on the large-scale circulation of mantle material.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jordan, T H -- Puster, P -- Glatzmaier, G A -- Tackley, P J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Sep 10;261(5127):1427-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17745353" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Lehmann discontinuity as the base of an anisotropic layer beneath continents (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-06-09
    Description: Long-period surface-wave (R(1), G(1)), body-wave (S, SS, SSS), and ScS-reverberation data have been inverted to obtain anisotropic structures along seismic corridors that sample Australia and the western Pacific. These models support the proposal that the Lehmann discontinuity beneath stable continents represents a transition from an anisotropic lithosphere to a more isotropic material in the lower part of the continental tectosphere.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gaherty, J B -- Jordan, T H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Jun 9;268(5216):1468-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17843667" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Teleseismic search for slow precursors to large earthquakes (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-12-02
    Description: Some large earthquakes display low-frequency seismic anomalies that are best explained by episodes of slow, smooth deformation immediately before their high-frequency origin times. Analysis of the low-frequency spectra of 107 shallow-focus earthquakes revealed 20 events that had slow precursors (95 percent confidence level); 19 were slow earthquakes associated with the ocean ridge-transform system, and 1 was a slow earthquake on an intracontinental transform fault in the East African Rift system. These anomalous earthquakes appear to be compound events, each comprising one or more ordinary (fast) ruptures in the shallow seismogenic zone initiated by a precursory slow event in the adjacent or subjacent lithosphere.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ihmle, P F -- Jordan, T H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Dec 2;266(5190):1547-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17841716" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    A physics-based earthquake simulator replicates seismic hazard statistics across California (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-08-23
    Description: Seismic hazard models are important for society, feeding into building codes and hazard mitigation efforts. These models, however, rest on many uncertain assumptions and are difficult to test observationally because of the long recurrence times of large earthquakes. Physics-based earthquake simulators offer a potentially helpful tool, but they face a vast range of fundamental scientific uncertainties. We compare a physics-based earthquake simulator against the latest seismic hazard model for California. Using only uniform parameters in the simulator, we find strikingly good agreement of the long-term shaking hazard compared with the California model. This ability to replicate statistically based seismic hazard estimates by a physics-based model cross-validates standard methods and provides a new alternative approach needing fewer inputs and assumptions for estimating hazard.
    Electronic ISSN: 2375-2548
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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