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  • 1
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    Drought sensitivity of the Amazon rainforest (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-03-07
    Description: Amazon forests are a key but poorly understood component of the global carbon cycle. If, as anticipated, they dry this century, they might accelerate climate change through carbon losses and changed surface energy balances. We used records from multiple long-term monitoring plots across Amazonia to assess forest responses to the intense 2005 drought, a possible analog of future events. Affected forest lost biomass, reversing a large long-term carbon sink, with the greatest impacts observed where the dry season was unusually intense. Relative to pre-2005 conditions, forest subjected to a 100-millimeter increase in water deficit lost 5.3 megagrams of aboveground biomass of carbon per hectare. The drought had a total biomass carbon impact of 1.2 to 1.6 petagrams (1.2 x 10(15) to 1.6 x 10(15) grams). Amazon forests therefore appear vulnerable to increasing moisture stress, with the potential for large carbon losses to exert feedback on climate change.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Phillips, Oliver L -- Aragao, Luiz E O C -- Lewis, Simon L -- Fisher, Joshua B -- Lloyd, Jon -- Lopez-Gonzalez, Gabriela -- Malhi, Yadvinder -- Monteagudo, Abel -- Peacock, Julie -- Quesada, Carlos A -- van der Heijden, Geertje -- Almeida, Samuel -- Amaral, Ieda -- Arroyo, Luzmila -- Aymard, Gerardo -- Baker, Tim R -- Banki, Olaf -- Blanc, Lilian -- Bonal, Damien -- Brando, Paulo -- Chave, Jerome -- de Oliveira, Atila Cristina Alves -- Cardozo, Nallaret Davila -- Czimczik, Claudia I -- Feldpausch, Ted R -- Freitas, Maria Aparecida -- Gloor, Emanuel -- Higuchi, Niro -- Jimenez, Eliana -- Lloyd, Gareth -- Meir, Patrick -- Mendoza, Casimiro -- Morel, Alexandra -- Neill, David A -- Nepstad, Daniel -- Patino, Sandra -- Penuela, Maria Cristina -- Prieto, Adriana -- Ramirez, Fredy -- Schwarz, Michael -- Silva, Javier -- Silveira, Marcos -- Thomas, Anne Sota -- Steege, Hans Ter -- Stropp, Juliana -- Vasquez, Rodolfo -- Zelazowski, Przemyslaw -- Alvarez Davila, Esteban -- Andelman, Sandy -- Andrade, Ana -- Chao, Kuo-Jung -- Erwin, Terry -- Di Fiore, Anthony -- Honorio C, Euridice -- Keeling, Helen -- Killeen, Tim J -- Laurance, William F -- Pena Cruz, Antonio -- Pitman, Nigel C A -- Nunez Vargas, Percy -- Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma -- Rudas, Agustin -- Salamao, Rafael -- Silva, Natalino -- Terborgh, John -- Torres-Lezama, Armando -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Mar 6;323(5919):1344-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1164033.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Ecology and Global Change, School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK. o.phillips@leeds.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19265020" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere ; *Biomass ; Brazil ; Carbon ; Carbon Dioxide ; Climate ; *Droughts ; *Ecosystem ; South America ; *Trees/growth & development ; Tropical Climate
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Microbial ecology. How to avoid oxygen (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-11-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lloyd, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Oct 8;286(5438):249.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Post Office Box 915, Cardiff CF10 3TL, Wales, UK. lloydd@cardiff.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10577191" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anaerobiosis ; Ecosystem ; Electron Transport ; Hot Temperature ; Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism ; NADP/metabolism ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxidoreductases/*metabolism ; Oxygen/metabolism ; Pyrococcus/*enzymology/growth & development/metabolism ; Rubredoxins/metabolism ; Superoxides/*metabolism ; Water/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Wales is not part of England! (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-02-05
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Evans, W H -- Lloyd, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Feb 1;295(5556):797.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11824448" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biology/history ; History, 19th Century ; Selection, Genetic ; Wales
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Quantum computing. Computation from geometry (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-06-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lloyd, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Jun 1;292(5522):1669.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. slloyd@mit.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11387463" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Lack of replicative senescence in cultured rat oligodendrocyte precursor cells (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-02-07
    Description: Most mammalian somatic cells are thought to have a limited proliferative capacity because they permanently stop dividing after a finite number of divisions in culture, a state termed replicative cell senescence. Here we show that most oligodendrocyte precursor cells purified from postnatal rat optic nerve can proliferate indefinitely in serum-free culture if prevented from differentiating; various cell cycle-inhibitory proteins increase, but the cells do not stop dividing. The cells maintain high telomerase activity and p53- and Rb-dependent cell cycle checkpoint responses, and serum or genotoxic drugs induce them to acquire a senescence-like phenotype. Our findings suggest that some normal rodent precursor cells have an unlimited proliferative capacity if cultured in conditions that avoid both differentiation and the activation of checkpoint responses that arrest the cell cycle.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tang, D G -- Tokumoto, Y M -- Apperly, J A -- Lloyd, A C -- Raff, M C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Feb 2;291(5505):868-71. Epub 2001 Jan 18.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11157165" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Apoptosis ; *Cell Aging ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Differentiation ; *Cell Division ; Cells, Cultured ; Contact Inhibition ; Culture Media, Serum-Free ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Cyclins/metabolism ; Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors ; Oligodendroglia/*cytology/physiology ; Optic Nerve/cytology ; Proteins/metabolism ; Rats ; Retinoblastoma Protein/metabolism ; Stem Cells/*cytology/physiology ; Telomerase ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism ; ras Proteins/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Lack of replicative senescence in normal rodent glia (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-02-07
    Description: Replicative senescence is thought to be an intrinsic mechanism for limiting the proliferative life-span of normal somatic cells. We show here that rat Schwann cells can be expanded indefinitely in culture while maintaining checkpoints normally lost during the immortalization process. These findings demonstrate that senescence is not an inevitable consequence of extended proliferation in culture.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mathon, N F -- Malcolm, D S -- Harrisingh, M C -- Cheng, L -- Lloyd, A C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Feb 2;291(5505):872-5. Epub 2001 Jan 18.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11157166" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood ; Carrier Proteins/metabolism ; *Cell Aging ; Cell Culture Techniques ; *Cell Division ; Cell Line ; Cell Size ; Cells, Cultured ; Clone Cells ; Culture Media ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinases/metabolism ; Cyclins/metabolism ; Fibroblasts/cytology/physiology ; Giant Cells/cytology ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Proteins/metabolism ; Rats ; Schwann Cells/*cytology/physiology ; Telomerase/metabolism ; Telomere/physiology ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism ; beta-Galactosidase/metabolism ; ras Proteins/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Epidemiology. How viruses spread among computers and people (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-05-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lloyd, A L -- May, R M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 May 18;292(5520):1316-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Program in Theoretical Biology, Institute for Advanced Study, Einstein Drive, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA. alun@alunlloyd.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11360990" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Computers ; *Disease Susceptibility ; Humans ; *Internet ; Models, Biological ; Neural Networks (Computer) ; Social Environment ; Virus Diseases/*epidemiology/prevention & control/*transmission ; Virus Physiological Phenomena
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Or, global warming: a $25-billion challenge? (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-05-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lloyd, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 May 11;292(5519):1064-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11352050" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Fossil Fuels/*economics ; Government ; Great Britain ; *Greenhouse Effect ; Nuclear Energy/economics ; Research/economics ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Josephson persistent-current qubit (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-08-14
    Description: A qubit was designed that can be fabricated with conventional electron beam lithography and is suited for integration into a large quantum computer. The qubit consists of a micrometer-sized loop with three or four Josephson junctions; the two qubit states have persistent currents of opposite direction. Quantum superpositions of these states are obtained by pulsed microwave modulation of the enclosed magnetic flux by currents in control lines. A superconducting flux transporter allows for controlled transfer between qubits of the flux that is generated by the persistent currents, leading to entanglement of qubit information.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mooij -- Orlando -- Levitov -- Tian -- van der Wal CH -- Lloyd -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Aug 13;285(5430):1036-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Applied Physics and Delft Institute for Microelectronics and Submicron Technologies, Delft University of Technology, Post Office Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands. Department of Electrical Engineering and Compu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10446043" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Quantum superposition of macroscopic persistent-current states (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-10-29
    Description: Microwave spectroscopy experiments have been performed on two quantum levels of a macroscopic superconducting loop with three Josephson junctions. Level repulsion of the ground state and first excited state is found where two classical persistent-current states with opposite polarity are degenerate, indicating symmetric and antisymmetric quantum superpositions of macroscopic states. The two classical states have persistent currents of 0.5 microampere and correspond to the center-of-mass motion of millions of Cooper pairs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉van der Wal, C H -- ter Haar, A C -- Wilhelm, F K -- Schouten, R N -- Harmans, C J -- Orlando, T P -- Lloyd, S -- Mooij, J E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Oct 27;290(5492):773-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Applied Physics and Delft Institute for Micro Electronics and Submicron Technology (DIMES), Delft University of Technology, Post Office Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands. caspar@qt.tn.tudelft.nl〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11052934" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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