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  • 1
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    Isotopically enhanced triple-quantum-dot qubit (2015)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-05-30
    Description: Like modern microprocessors today, future processors of quantum information may be implemented using all-electrical control of silicon-based devices. A semiconductor spin qubit may be controlled without the use of magnetic fields by using three electrons in three tunnel-coupled quantum dots. Triple dots have previously been implemented in GaAs, but this material suffers from intrinsic nuclear magnetic noise. Reduction of this noise is possible by fabricating devices using isotopically purified silicon. We demonstrate universal coherent control of a triple-quantum-dot qubit implemented in an isotopically enhanced Si/SiGe heterostructure. Composite pulses are used to implement spin-echo type sequences, and differential charge sensing enables single-shot state readout. These experiments demonstrate sufficient control with sufficiently low noise to enable the long pulse sequences required for exchange-only two-qubit logic and randomized benchmarking.
    Electronic ISSN: 2375-2548
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Transmission studies resume for avian flu (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-01-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3838856/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3838856/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fouchier, Ron A M -- Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo -- Kawaoka, Yoshihiro -- Barclay, Wendy S -- Bouvier, Nicole M -- Brown, Ian H -- Capua, Ilaria -- Chen, Hualan -- Compans, Richard W -- Couch, Robert B -- Cox, Nancy J -- Doherty, Peter C -- Donis, Ruben O -- Feldmann, Heinz -- Guan, Yi -- Katz, Jacqueline M -- Kiselev, Oleg I -- Klenk, H D -- Kobinger, Gary -- Liu, Jinhua -- Liu, Xiufan -- Lowen, Anice -- Mettenleiter, Thomas C -- Osterhaus, Albert D M E -- Palese, Peter -- Peiris, J S Malik -- Perez, Daniel R -- Richt, Jurgen A -- Schultz-Cherry, Stacey -- Steel, John -- Subbarao, Kanta -- Swayne, David E -- Takimoto, Toru -- Tashiro, Masato -- Taubenberger, Jeffery K -- Thomas, Paul G -- Tripp, Ralph A -- Tumpey, Terrence M -- Webby, Richard J -- Webster, Robert G -- ZIA AI001088-01/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- ZIA AI001088-02/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- ZIA AI001088-03/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- ZIA AI001088-04/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- ZIA AI001088-05/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Feb 1;339(6119):520-1. doi: 10.1126/science.1235140. Epub 2013 Jan 23.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23345603" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biomedical Research/*trends ; Birds ; Humans ; *Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype ; Influenza in Birds/*transmission/*virology ; Influenza, Human/*transmission/*virology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Time-domain measurements of nanomagnet dynamics driven by spin-transfer torques (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-01-18
    Description: We present time-resolved measurements of gigahertz-scale magnetic dynamics caused by torque from a spin-polarized current. By working in the time domain, we determined the motion of the magnetic moment throughout the process of spin-transfer-driven switching, and we measured turn-on times of steady-state precessional modes. Time-resolved studies of magnetic relaxation allow for the direct measurement of magnetic damping in a nanomagnet and prove that this damping can be controlled electrically using spin-polarized currents.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Krivorotov, I N -- Emley, N C -- Sankey, J C -- Kiselev, S I -- Ralph, D C -- Buhrman, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Jan 14;307(5707):228-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. ink3@cornell.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15653496" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Laser vaporization of cirrus-like ice particles with secondary ice multiplication (2016)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-05-22
    Description: We investigate the interaction of ultrashort laser filaments with individual 90-μm ice particles, representative of cirrus particles. The ice particles fragment under laser illumination. By monitoring the evolution of the corresponding ice/vapor system at up to 140,000 frames per second over 30 ms, we conclude that a shockwave vaporization supersaturates the neighboring region relative to ice, allowing the nucleation and growth of new ice particles, supported by laser-induced plasma photochemistry. This process constitutes the first direct observation of filament-induced secondary ice multiplication, a process that strongly modifies the particle size distribution and, thus, the albedo of typical cirrus clouds.
    Electronic ISSN: 2375-2548
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Activation and regeneration of rhodopsin in the insect visual cycle (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-11-25
    Description: Light absorption by rhodopsin generates metarhodopsin, which activates heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) in photoreceptor cells of vertebrates and invertebrates. In contrast to vertebrate metarhodopsins, most invertebrate metarhodopsins are thermally stable and regenerate rhodopsin by absorption of a second photon. In experiments with Rh1 Drosophila rhodopsin, the thermal stability of metarhodopsin was found not to be an intrinsic property of the visual pigment but a consequence of its interaction with arrestin (49 kilodaltons). The stabilization of metarhodopsin resulted in a large decrease in the efficiency of G protein activation. Light absorption by thermally stable metarhodopsin initially regenerated an inactive rhodopsin-like intermediate, which was subsequently converted in the dark to active rhodopsin. The accumulation of inactive rhodopsin at higher light levels may represent a mechanism for gain regulation in the insect visual cycle.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kiselev, A -- Subramaniam, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Nov 25;266(5189):1369-73.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7973725" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens/*metabolism ; Arrestin ; Darkness ; Drosophila ; Eye Proteins/*metabolism ; GTP-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; *Light ; Models, Biological ; Phosphorylation ; Photoreceptor Cells, Invertebrate/*metabolism ; Rhodopsin/*analogs & derivatives/chemistry/*metabolism ; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    [Research Article] Active sites in heterogeneous ice nucleation—the example of K-rich feldspars (2017)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-01-27
    Description: Ice formation on aerosol particles is a process of crucial importance to Earth’s climate and the environmental sciences, but it is not understood at the molecular level. This is partly because the nature of active sites, local surface features where ice growth commences, is still unclear. Here we report direct electron-microscopic observations of deposition growth of aligned ice crystals on feldspar, an atmospherically important component of mineral dust. Our molecular-scale computer simulations indicate that this alignment arises from the preferential nucleation of prismatic crystal planes of ice on high-energy (100) surface planes of feldspar. The microscopic patches of (100) surface, exposed at surface defects such as steps, cracks, and cavities, are thought to be responsible for the high ice nucleation efficacy of potassium (K)–feldspar particles. Authors: Alexei Kiselev, Felix Bachmann, Philipp Pedevilla, Stephen J. Cox, Angelos Michaelides, Dagmar Gerthsen, Thomas Leisner
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    High-bit rate ultra-compact light routing with mode-selective on-chip nanoantennas (2017)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-07-20
    Description: Optical nanoantennas provide a promising pathway toward advanced manipulation of light waves, such as directional scattering, polarization conversion, and fluorescence enhancement. Although these functionalities were mainly studied for nanoantennas in free space or on homogeneous substrates, their integration with optical waveguides offers an important "wired" connection to other functional optical components. Taking advantage of the nanoantenna’s versatility and unrivaled compactness, their imprinting onto optical waveguides would enable a marked enhancement of design freedom and integration density for optical on-chip devices. Several examples of this concept have been demonstrated recently. However, the important question of whether nanoantennas can fulfill functionalities for high-bit rate signal transmission without degradation, which is the core purpose of many integrated optical applications, has not yet been experimentally investigated. We introduce and investigate directional, polarization-selective, and mode-selective on-chip nanoantennas integrated with a silicon rib waveguide. We demonstrate that these nanoantennas can separate optical signals with different polarizations by coupling the different polarizations of light vertically to different waveguide modes propagating into opposite directions. As the central result of this work, we show the suitability of this concept for the control of optical signals with ASK (amplitude-shift keying) NRZ (nonreturn to zero) modulation [10 Gigabit/s (Gb/s)] without significant bit error rate impairments. Our results demonstrate that waveguide-integrated nanoantennas have the potential to be used as ultra-compact polarization-demultiplexing on-chip devices for high–bit rate telecommunication applications.
    Electronic ISSN: 2375-2548
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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