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  • 1
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    Reduction of intestinal carcinogen absorption by carcinogen-specific secretory immunity (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-03-17
    Description: A secretory immune response to the carcinogen 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) was elicited in rabbits by directly immunizing the small intestine with an AAF-cholera toxin conjugate. High-titer, high-affinity secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibody to AAF was secreted into the intestinal lumen in response to this immunogen. Immune secretions reduced the transepithelial absorption of a 125I-labeled derivative of AAF by more than half. This reduction of absorption by hapten-specific IgA suggests that oral vaccines against carcinogens and toxicants could be developed for humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Silbart, L K -- Keren, D F -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Mar 17;243(4897):1462-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉University of Michigan, Pathology Department, Ann Arbor, MI 48109.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2928780" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 2-Acetylaminofluorene/immunology/*metabolism/pharmacokinetics ; Animals ; Immunization, Passive ; Immunoglobulin A, Secretory/*biosynthesis ; In Vitro Techniques ; Intestinal Absorption ; Intestines/*immunology/metabolism ; Rabbits
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Sequence-specific molecular lithography on single DNA molecules (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-07-06
    Description: Recent advances in the realization of individual molecular-scale electronic devices emphasize the need for novel tools and concepts capable of assembling such devices into large-scale functional circuits. We demonstrated sequence-specific molecular lithography on substrate DNA molecules by harnessing homologous recombination by RecA protein. In a sequence-specific manner, we patterned the coating of DNA with metal, localized labeled molecular objects and grew metal islands on specific sites along the DNA substrate, and generated molecularly accurate stable DNA junctions for patterning the DNA substrate connectivity. In our molecular lithography, the information encoded in the DNA molecules replaces the masks used in conventional microelectronics, and the RecA protein serves as the resist. The molecular lithography works with high resolution over a broad range of length scales from nanometers to many micrometers.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Keren, Kinneret -- Krueger, Michael -- Gilad, Rachel -- Ben-Yoseph, Gdalyahu -- Sivan, Uri -- Braun, Erez -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Jul 5;297(5578):72-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physics, Solid State Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12098693" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies ; Biopolymers ; Biotin ; DNA/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; DNA, Single-Stranded/*metabolism ; Electric Conductivity ; *Electronics ; Glutaral ; Gold ; Microscopy, Atomic Force ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; *Nanotechnology ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Rec A Recombinases/chemistry/immunology/*metabolism ; Recombination, Genetic ; Silver ; Streptavidin ; Templates, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    DNA-templated carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-11-25
    Description: The combination of their electronic properties and dimensions makes carbon nanotubes ideal building blocks for molecular electronics. However, the advancement of carbon nanotube-based electronics requires assembly strategies that allow their precise localization and interconnection. Using a scheme based on recognition between molecular building blocks, we report the realization of a self-assembled carbon nanotube field-effect transistor operating at room temperature. A DNA scaffold molecule provides the address for precise localization of a semiconducting single-wall carbon nanotube as well as the template for the extended metallic wires contacting it.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Keren, Kinneret -- Berman, Rotem S -- Buchstab, Evgeny -- Sivan, Uri -- Braun, Erez -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Nov 21;302(5649):1380-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physics, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14631035" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bacteriophage lambda ; Biotin/chemistry ; *DNA/chemistry ; DNA, Single-Stranded/chemistry ; DNA, Viral/chemistry ; Gold ; Microscopy, Atomic Force ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; *Nanotechnology ; *Nanotubes, Carbon ; Rec A Recombinases/metabolism ; Recombination, Genetic ; Streptavidin/chemistry ; *Transistors, Electronic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Self-organized stress patterns drive state transitions in actin cortices (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-07
    Description: Biological functions rely on ordered structures and intricately controlled collective dynamics. This order in living systems is typically established and sustained by continuous dissipation of energy. The emergence of collective patterns of motion is unique to nonequilibrium systems and is a manifestation of dynamic steady states. Mechanical resilience of animal cells is largely controlled by the actomyosin cortex. The cortex provides stability but is, at the same time, highly adaptable due to rapid turnover of its components. Dynamic functions involve regulated transitions between different steady states of the cortex. We find that model actomyosin cortices, constructed to maintain turnover, self-organize into distinct nonequilibrium steady states when we vary cross-link density. The feedback between actin network structure and organization of stress-generating myosin motors defines the symmetries of the dynamic steady states. A marginally cross-linked state displays divergence-free long-range flow patterns. Higher cross-link density causes structural symmetry breaking, resulting in a stationary converging flow pattern. We track the flow patterns in the model actomyosin cortices using fluorescent single-walled carbon nanotubes as novel probes. The self-organization of stress patterns we have observed in a model system can have direct implications for biological functions.
    Electronic ISSN: 2375-2548
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Killing by bactericidal antibiotics does not depend on reactive oxygen species (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-03-09
    Description: Bactericidal antibiotics kill by modulating their respective targets. This traditional view has been challenged by studies that propose an alternative, unified mechanism of killing, whereby toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced in the presence of antibiotics. We found no correlation between an individual cell's probability of survival in the presence of antibiotic and its level of ROS. An ROS quencher, thiourea, protected cells from antibiotics present at low concentrations, but the effect was observed under anaerobic conditions as well. There was essentially no difference in survival of bacteria treated with various antibiotics under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. This suggests that ROS do not play a role in killing of bacterial pathogens by antibiotics.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Keren, Iris -- Wu, Yanxia -- Inocencio, Julio -- Mulcahy, Lawrence R -- Lewis, Kim -- T-R01AI085585-01/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Mar 8;339(6124):1213-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1232688.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Antimicrobial Discovery Center, Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 021156, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23471410" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anaerobiosis ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/antagonists & inhibitors/*pharmacology ; *Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Escherichia coli/*drug effects/metabolism ; Fluoroquinolones/antagonists & inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Norfloxacin/antagonists & inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Oxidative Stress ; Reactive Oxygen Species/*metabolism ; Thiourea/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Immunogenetics. Chromatin state dynamics during blood formation (2014)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-08-12
    Description: Chromatin modifications are crucial for development, yet little is known about their dynamics during differentiation. Hematopoiesis provides a well-defined model to study chromatin state dynamics; however, technical limitations impede profiling of homogeneous differentiation intermediates. We developed a high-sensitivity indexing-first chromatin immunoprecipitation approach to profile the dynamics of four chromatin modifications across 16 stages of hematopoietic differentiation. We identify 48,415 enhancer regions and characterize their dynamics. We find that lineage commitment involves de novo establishment of 17,035 lineage-specific enhancers. These enhancer repertoire expansions foreshadow transcriptional programs in differentiated cells. Combining our enhancer catalog with gene expression profiles, we elucidate the transcription factor network controlling chromatin dynamics and lineage specification in hematopoiesis. Together, our results provide a comprehensive model of chromatin dynamics during development.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4412442/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4412442/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lara-Astiaso, David -- Weiner, Assaf -- Lorenzo-Vivas, Erika -- Zaretsky, Irina -- Jaitin, Diego Adhemar -- David, Eyal -- Keren-Shaul, Hadas -- Mildner, Alexander -- Winter, Deborah -- Jung, Steffen -- Friedman, Nir -- Amit, Ido -- 1P50HG006193/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- P50 HG006193/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Aug 22;345(6199):943-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1256271. Epub 2014 Aug 7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel. ; Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel. School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel. ; Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel. School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel. nir@cs.huji.ac.il ido.amit@weizmann.ac.il. ; Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel. nir@cs.huji.ac.il ido.amit@weizmann.ac.il.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25103404" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Lineage/genetics ; Chromatin/*metabolism ; Chromatin Immunoprecipitation/methods ; *Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Hematopoiesis/*genetics ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/cytology/*metabolism ; Histones/chemistry/metabolism ; Mice ; Transcription Factors/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Massively parallel single-cell RNA-seq for marker-free decomposition of tissues into cell types (2014)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-02-18
    Description: In multicellular organisms, biological function emerges when heterogeneous cell types form complex organs. Nevertheless, dissection of tissues into mixtures of cellular subpopulations is currently challenging. We introduce an automated massively parallel single-cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) approach for analyzing in vivo transcriptional states in thousands of single cells. Combined with unsupervised classification algorithms, this facilitates ab initio cell-type characterization of splenic tissues. Modeling single-cell transcriptional states in dendritic cells and additional hematopoietic cell types uncovers rich cell-type heterogeneity and gene-modules activity in steady state and after pathogen activation. Cellular diversity is thereby approached through inference of variable and dynamic pathway activity rather than a fixed preprogrammed cell-type hierarchy. These data demonstrate single-cell RNA-seq as an effective tool for comprehensive cellular decomposition of complex tissues.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4412462/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4412462/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jaitin, Diego Adhemar -- Kenigsberg, Ephraim -- Keren-Shaul, Hadas -- Elefant, Naama -- Paul, Franziska -- Zaretsky, Irina -- Mildner, Alexander -- Cohen, Nadav -- Jung, Steffen -- Tanay, Amos -- Amit, Ido -- P50 HG006193/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Feb 14;343(6172):776-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1247651.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24531970" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biomarkers ; Dendritic Cells/metabolism ; Female ; Hematopoiesis/genetics ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics ; Sequence Analysis, RNA/*methods ; Single-Cell Analysis/*methods ; Spleen/metabolism ; *Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Systematic discovery of antiphage defense systems in the microbial pangenome (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-06
    Description: The arms race between bacteria and phages led to the development of sophisticated antiphage defense systems, including CRISPR-Cas and restriction-modification systems. Evidence suggests that known and unknown defense systems are located in "defense islands" in microbial genomes. Here, we comprehensively characterized the bacterial defensive arsenal by examining gene families that are clustered next to known defense genes in prokaryotic genomes. Candidate defense systems were systematically engineered and validated in model bacteria for their antiphage activities. We report nine previously unknown antiphage systems and one antiplasmid system that are widespread in microbes and strongly protect against foreign invaders. These include systems that adopted components of the bacterial flagella and condensin complexes. Our data also suggest a common, ancient ancestry of innate immunity components shared between animals, plants, and bacteria.
    Keywords: Microbiology, Online Only
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    MIBI-TOF: A multiplexed imaging platform relates cellular phenotypes and tissue structure (2019)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: 〈p〉Understanding tissue structure and function requires tools that quantify the expression of multiple proteins while preserving spatial information. Here, we describe MIBI-TOF (multiplexed ion beam imaging by time of flight), an instrument that uses bright ion sources and orthogonal time-of-flight mass spectrometry to image metal-tagged antibodies at subcellular resolution in clinical tissue sections. We demonstrate quantitative, full periodic table coverage across a five-log dynamic range, imaging 36 labeled antibodies simultaneously with histochemical stains and endogenous elements. We image fields of view up to 800 μm x 800 μm at resolutions down to 260 nm with sensitivities approaching single-molecule detection. We leverage these properties to interrogate intrapatient heterogeneity in tumor organization in triple-negative breast cancer, revealing regional variability in tumor cell phenotypes in contrast to a structured immune response. Given its versatility and sample back-compatibility, MIBI-TOF is positioned to leverage existing annotated, archival tissue cohorts to explore emerging questions in cancer, immunology, and neurobiology.〈/p〉
    Electronic ISSN: 2375-2548
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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