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  • 1
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    Kepler planet-detection mission: introduction and first results (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-01-09
    Description: The Kepler mission was designed to determine the frequency of Earth-sized planets in and near the habitable zone of Sun-like stars. The habitable zone is the region where planetary temperatures are suitable for water to exist on a planet's surface. During the first 6 weeks of observations, Kepler monitored 156,000 stars, and five new exoplanets with sizes between 0.37 and 1.6 Jupiter radii and orbital periods from 3.2 to 4.9 days were discovered. The density of the Neptune-sized Kepler-4b is similar to that of Neptune and GJ 436b, even though the irradiation level is 800,000 times higher. Kepler-7b is one of the lowest-density planets (approximately 0.17 gram per cubic centimeter) yet detected. Kepler-5b, -6b, and -8b confirm the existence of planets with densities lower than those predicted for gas giant planets.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Borucki, William J -- Koch, David -- Basri, Gibor -- Batalha, Natalie -- Brown, Timothy -- Caldwell, Douglas -- Caldwell, John -- Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jorgen -- Cochran, William D -- DeVore, Edna -- Dunham, Edward W -- Dupree, Andrea K -- Gautier, Thomas N 3rd -- Geary, John C -- Gilliland, Ronald -- Gould, Alan -- Howell, Steve B -- Jenkins, Jon M -- Kondo, Yoji -- Latham, David W -- Marcy, Geoffrey W -- Meibom, Soren -- Kjeldsen, Hans -- Lissauer, Jack J -- Monet, David G -- Morrison, David -- Sasselov, Dimitar -- Tarter, Jill -- Boss, Alan -- Brownlee, Don -- Owen, Toby -- Buzasi, Derek -- Charbonneau, David -- Doyle, Laurance -- Fortney, Jonathan -- Ford, Eric B -- Holman, Matthew J -- Seager, Sara -- Steffen, Jason H -- Welsh, William F -- Rowe, Jason -- Anderson, Howard -- Buchhave, Lars -- Ciardi, David -- Walkowicz, Lucianne -- Sherry, William -- Horch, Elliott -- Isaacson, Howard -- Everett, Mark E -- Fischer, Debra -- Torres, Guillermo -- Johnson, John Asher -- Endl, Michael -- MacQueen, Phillip -- Bryson, Stephen T -- Dotson, Jessie -- Haas, Michael -- Kolodziejczak, Jeffrey -- Van Cleve, Jeffrey -- Chandrasekaran, Hema -- Twicken, Joseph D -- Quintana, Elisa V -- Clarke, Bruce D -- Allen, Christopher -- Li, Jie -- Wu, Haley -- Tenenbaum, Peter -- Verner, Ekaterina -- Bruhweiler, Frederick -- Barnes, Jason -- Prsa, Andrej -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Feb 19;327(5968):977-80. doi: 10.1126/science.1185402. Epub 2010 Jan 7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA. William.J.Borucki@nasa.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20056856" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    Alpha-synuclein blocks ER-Golgi traffic and Rab1 rescues neuron loss in Parkinson's models (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-24
    Description: Alpha-synuclein (alphaSyn) misfolding is associated with several devastating neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD). In yeast cells and in neurons alphaSyn accumulation is cytotoxic, but little is known about its normal function or pathobiology. The earliest defect following alphaSyn expression in yeast was a block in endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-to-Golgi vesicular trafficking. In a genomewide screen, the largest class of toxicity modifiers were proteins functioning at this same step, including the Rab guanosine triphosphatase Ypt1p, which associated with cytoplasmic alphaSyn inclusions. Elevated expression of Rab1, the mammalian YPT1 homolog, protected against alphaSyn-induced dopaminergic neuron loss in animal models of PD. Thus, synucleinopathies may result from disruptions in basic cellular functions that interface with the unique biology of particular neurons to make them especially vulnerable.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1983366/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1983366/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cooper, Antony A -- Gitler, Aaron D -- Cashikar, Anil -- Haynes, Cole M -- Hill, Kathryn J -- Bhullar, Bhupinder -- Liu, Kangning -- Xu, Kexiang -- Strathearn, Katherine E -- Liu, Fang -- Cao, Songsong -- Caldwell, Kim A -- Caldwell, Guy A -- Marsischky, Gerald -- Kolodner, Richard D -- Labaer, Joshua -- Rochet, Jean-Christophe -- Bonini, Nancy M -- Lindquist, Susan -- P50 NS038372/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01-HG002923/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jul 21;313(5785):324-8. Epub 2006 Jun 22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16794039" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Genetically Modified ; Caenorhabditis elegans ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dopamine/physiology ; Drosophila ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/*metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Gene Library ; Golgi Apparatus/*metabolism ; Humans ; Mice ; Nerve Degeneration ; Neurons/cytology/*physiology ; Parkinsonian Disorders/metabolism/pathology/*physiopathology ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/metabolism ; Protein Folding ; *Protein Transport ; Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Rats ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; alpha-Synuclein/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; rab GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; rab1 GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Functional links between Abeta toxicity, endocytic trafficking, and Alzheimer's disease risk factors in yeast (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-10-29
    Description: Abeta (beta-amyloid peptide) is an important contributor to Alzheimer's disease (AD). We modeled Abeta toxicity in yeast by directing the peptide to the secretory pathway. A genome-wide screen for toxicity modifiers identified the yeast homolog of phosphatidylinositol binding clathrin assembly protein (PICALM) and other endocytic factors connected to AD whose relationship to Abeta was previously unknown. The factors identified in yeast modified Abeta toxicity in glutamatergic neurons of Caenorhabditis elegans and in primary rat cortical neurons. In yeast, Abeta impaired the endocytic trafficking of a plasma membrane receptor, which was ameliorated by endocytic pathway factors identified in the yeast screen. Thus, links between Abeta, endocytosis, and human AD risk factors can be ascertained with yeast as a model system.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3281757/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3281757/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Treusch, Sebastian -- Hamamichi, Shusei -- Goodman, Jessica L -- Matlack, Kent E S -- Chung, Chee Yeun -- Baru, Valeriya -- Shulman, Joshua M -- Parrado, Antonio -- Bevis, Brooke J -- Valastyan, Julie S -- Han, Haesun -- Lindhagen-Persson, Malin -- Reiman, Eric M -- Evans, Denis A -- Bennett, David A -- Olofsson, Anders -- DeJager, Philip L -- Tanzi, Rudolph E -- Caldwell, Kim A -- Caldwell, Guy A -- Lindquist, Susan -- F32 NS067782-02/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- K08 AG034290/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- K08AG034290/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- P30 AG019610/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- P30AG10161/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG015819/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG017917/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01AG15819/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01AG17917/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Dec 2;334(6060):1241-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1213210. Epub 2011 Oct 27.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22033521" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alzheimer Disease/*genetics/*metabolism ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Animals ; Animals, Genetically Modified ; Caenorhabditis elegans/cytology/genetics/metabolism ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Clathrin/metabolism ; Cytoskeleton/metabolism ; Disease Susceptibility ; *Endocytosis ; Genetic Association Studies ; Genetic Testing ; Glutamates/metabolism ; Humans ; Monomeric Clathrin Assembly Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Neurons/physiology ; Peptide Fragments/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Protein Multimerization ; Protein Transport ; Rats ; Risk Factors ; *Saccharomyces cerevisiae/cytology/genetics/growth & development/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Secretory Pathway
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Yeast reveal a "druggable" Rsp5/Nedd4 network that ameliorates alpha-synuclein toxicity in neurons (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-10-26
    Description: alpha-Synuclein (alpha-syn) is a small lipid-binding protein implicated in several neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease, whose pathobiology is conserved from yeast to man. There are no therapies targeting these underlying cellular pathologies, or indeed those of any major neurodegenerative disease. Using unbiased phenotypic screens as an alternative to target-based approaches, we discovered an N-aryl benzimidazole (NAB) that strongly and selectively protected diverse cell types from alpha-syn toxicity. Three chemical genetic screens in wild-type yeast cells established that NAB promoted endosomal transport events dependent on the E3 ubiquitin ligase Rsp5/Nedd4. These same steps were perturbed by alpha-syn itself. Thus, NAB identifies a druggable node in the biology of alpha-syn that can correct multiple aspects of its underlying pathology, including dysfunctional endosomal and endoplasmic reticulum-to-Golgi vesicle trafficking.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3993916/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3993916/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tardiff, Daniel F -- Jui, Nathan T -- Khurana, Vikram -- Tambe, Mitali A -- Thompson, Michelle L -- Chung, Chee Yeun -- Kamadurai, Hari B -- Kim, Hyoung Tae -- Lancaster, Alex K -- Caldwell, Kim A -- Caldwell, Guy A -- Rochet, Jean-Christophe -- Buchwald, Stephen L -- Lindquist, Susan -- 5R01GM069530/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- F32GM099817/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- F32NS061419/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- GM58160/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- K01 AG038546/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM058160/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R15 NS075684/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Nov 22;342(6161):979-83. doi: 10.1126/science.1245321. Epub 2013 Oct 24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research (WIBR), Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24158909" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Benzimidazoles/chemistry/*pharmacology ; Caenorhabditis elegans ; Cells, Cultured ; *Cytoprotection ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport/*genetics ; Gene Regulatory Networks/*drug effects ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/*metabolism ; Neurons/*drug effects/metabolism ; Neuroprotective Agents/*pharmacology ; Parkinson Disease/metabolism ; Rats ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/drug effects ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/*genetics ; Small Molecule Libraries/chemistry/pharmacology ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase Complexes/*genetics ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/*genetics ; alpha-Synuclein/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Echolocation (1981)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1981-01-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Caldwell, M C -- Caldwell, D K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1981 Jan 2;211(4477):49.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17731241" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Disease epidemic and a marine heat wave are associated with the continental-scale collapse of a pivotal predator (Pycnopodia helianthoides) (2019)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: 〈p〉Multihost infectious disease outbreaks have endangered wildlife, causing extinction of frogs and endemic birds, and widespread declines of bats, corals, and abalone. Since 2013, a sea star wasting disease has affected 〉20 sea star species from Mexico to Alaska. The common, predatory sunflower star (〈i〉Pycnopodia helianthoides〈/i〉), shown to be highly susceptible to sea star wasting disease, has been extirpated across most of its range. Diver surveys conducted in shallow nearshore waters (〈i〉n〈/i〉 = 10,956; 2006–2017) from California to Alaska and deep offshore (55 to 1280 m) trawl surveys from California to Washington (〈i〉n〈/i〉 = 8968; 2004–2016) reveal 80 to 100% declines across a ~3000-km range. Furthermore, timing of peak declines in nearshore waters coincided with anomalously warm sea surface temperatures. The rapid, widespread decline of this pivotal subtidal predator threatens its persistence and may have large ecosystem-level consequences.〈/p〉
    Electronic ISSN: 2375-2548
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Dissociation of CH4 at high pressures and temperatures: diamond formation in giant planet interiors? (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1999-10-03
    Description: Experiments using laser-heated diamond anvil cells show that methane (CH4) breaks down to form diamond at pressures between 10 and 50 gigapascals and temperatures of about 2000 to 3000 kelvin. Infrared absorption and Raman spectroscopy, along with x-ray diffraction, indicate the presence of polymeric hydrocarbons in addition to the diamond, which is in agreement with theoretical predictions. Dissociation of CH4 at high pressures and temperatures can influence the energy budgets of planets containing substantial amounts of CH4, water, and ammonia, such as Uranus and Neptune.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Benedetti, L R -- Nguyen, J H -- Caldwell, W A -- Liu, H -- Kruger, M -- Jeanloz, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Oct 1;286(5437):100-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physics, Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10506552" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Diamond/*chemistry ; Evolution, Planetary ; Hot Temperature ; Hydrocarbons/chemistry ; Methane/*chemistry ; *Neptune ; Pressure ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ; Spectrum Analysis, Raman ; *Uranus ; X-Ray Diffraction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 8
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    Snake origins (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2000-06-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, M S -- Scanlon, J D -- Caldwell, M W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 May 26;288(5470):1343-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10847843" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; *Fossils ; Hindlimb/anatomy & histology ; Lizards/anatomy & histology ; Phylogeny ; *Snakes/anatomy & histology/classification
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Ecological effects of a major oil spill on panamanian coastal marine communities (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-01-06
    Description: In 1986 more than 8 million liters of crude oil spilled into a complex region of mangroves, seagrasses, and coral reefs just east of the Caribbean entrance to the Panama Canal. This was the largest recorded spill into coastal habitats in the tropical Americas. Many population of plants and animals in both oiled and unoiled sites had been studied previously, thereby providing an unprecedented measure of ecological variation before the spill. Documenation of the spread of oil and its biological begun immediately. Intertidal mangroves, algae, and associated invertebrates were covered by oil and died soon after. More surprisingly, there was also extensive mortality of shallow subtidal reef corals and infauna of seagrass beds. After 1.5 years only some organisms in areas exposed to the open sea have recovered.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jackson, J B -- Cubit, J D -- Keller, B D -- Batista, V -- Burns, K -- Caffey, H M -- Caldwell, R L -- Garrity, S D -- Getter, C D -- Gonzalez, C -- Guzman, H M -- Kaufmann, K W -- Knap, A H -- Levings, S C -- Marshall, M J -- Steger, R -- Thompson, R C -- Weil, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jan 6;243(4887):37-44.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17780421" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
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  • 10
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    Middle infrared thermal maps of venus at the time of the galileo encounter (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-09-27
    Description: Images of the disk of Venus, taken at wavelengths between 8 and 22 micrometers, were obtained a few days after the Galileo spacecraft's closest approach on 8 February 1990; these images show variations in the thickness of the main H(2)SO(4) cloud deck and the overlying temperature structure. Several features are qualitatively similar to those of earlier observations, such as a hot region at the south pole, surrounded by a cold ;;collar,'' and brightening toward the lower latitudes, where low-contrast banding appears. The collar does have a northern counterpart that is warmer, however. Equatorial limb darkening is quantitatively similar to that of previous observations; fairly constant at wavelengths up to 20 micrometers, where limb darkening increases substantially. In contrast to what was found in previous observations, polar and equatorial limb darkening are nearly the same at most wavelengths. A longitudinal variation is observable that is consistent with a wavenumber-2 behavior and a brightness maximum near local midnight.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Orton, G S -- Caldwell, J -- Friedson, A J -- Martin, T Z -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Sep 27;253(5027):1536-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17784097" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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