ALBERT

Description: Quantum-mechanical shell effects are expected to strongly enhance nuclear binding on an "island of stability" of superheavy elements. The predicted center at proton number Z = 114, 120, or 126 and neutron number N = 184 has been substantiated by the recent synthesis of new elements up to Z = 118. However, the location of the center and the extension of the island of stability remain vague. High-precision mass spectrometry allows the direct measurement of nuclear binding energies and thus the determination of the strength of shell effects. Here, we present such measurements for nobelium and lawrencium isotopes, which also pin down the deformed shell gap at N = 152.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Minaya Ramirez, E -- Ackermann, D -- Blaum, K -- Block, M -- Droese, C -- Dullmann, Ch E -- Dworschak, M -- Eibach, M -- Eliseev, S -- Haettner, E -- Herfurth, F -- Hessberger, F P -- Hofmann, S -- Ketelaer, J -- Marx, G -- Mazzocco, M -- Nesterenko, D -- Novikov, Yu N -- Plass, W R -- Rodriguez, D -- Scheidenberger, C -- Schweikhard, L -- Thirolf, P G -- Weber, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Sep 7;337(6099):1207-10. doi: 10.1126/science.1225636. Epub 2012 Aug 9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22878498" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉

Description: Experimental investigations of transactinoide elements provide benchmark results for chemical theory and probe the predictive power of trends in the periodic table. So far, in gas-phase chemical reactions, simple inorganic compounds with the transactinoide in its highest oxidation state have been synthesized. Single-atom production rates, short half-lives, and harsh experimental conditions limited the number of experimentally accessible compounds. We applied a gas-phase carbonylation technique previously tested on short-lived molybdenum (Mo) and tungsten (W) isotopes to the preparation of a carbonyl complex of seaborgium, the 106th element. The volatile seaborgium complex showed the same volatility and reactivity with a silicon dioxide surface as those of the hexacarbonyl complexes of the lighter homologs Mo and W. Comparison of the product's adsorption enthalpy with theoretical predictions and data for the lighter congeners supported a Sg(CO)6 formulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Even, J -- Yakushev, A -- Dullmann, Ch E -- Haba, H -- Asai, M -- Sato, T K -- Brand, H -- Di Nitto, A -- Eichler, R -- Fan, F L -- Hartmann, W -- Huang, M -- Jager, E -- Kaji, D -- Kanaya, J -- Kaneya, Y -- Khuyagbaatar, J -- Kindler, B -- Kratz, J V -- Krier, J -- Kudou, Y -- Kurz, N -- Lommel, B -- Miyashita, S -- Morimoto, K -- Morita, K -- Murakami, M -- Nagame, Y -- Nitsche, H -- Ooe, K -- Qin, Z -- Schadel, M -- Steiner, J -- Sumita, T -- Takeyama, M -- Tanaka, K -- Toyoshima, A -- Tsukada, K -- Turler, A -- Usoltsev, I -- Wakabayashi, Y -- Wang, Y -- Wiehl, N -- Yamaki, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Sep 19;345(6203):1491-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1255720.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany. ; GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany. ; Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany. GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany. Institut fur Kernchemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universitat Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany. duellman@uni-mainz.de. ; RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. ; Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan. ; Institut fur Kernchemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universitat Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany. ; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland. Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland. ; Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 730000 Lanzhou, China. ; Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan. Department of Chemistry, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan. ; RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. Department of Physics, Kyushu University, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan. ; RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. Department of Chemistry, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata 950-2181, Japan. ; Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720-8169, USA. ; Department of Chemistry, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata 950-2181, Japan. ; Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany. Institut fur Kernchemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universitat Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany. ; RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan. Department of Physics, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25237098" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉