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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2009-09-05
    Description: Models of mammalian regulatory networks controlling gene expression have been inferred from genomic data but have largely not been validated. We present an unbiased strategy to systematically perturb candidate regulators and monitor cellular transcriptional responses. We applied this approach to derive regulatory networks that control the transcriptional response of mouse primary dendritic cells to pathogens. Our approach revealed the regulatory functions of 125 transcription factors, chromatin modifiers, and RNA binding proteins, which enabled the construction of a network model consisting of 24 core regulators and 76 fine-tuners that help to explain how pathogen-sensing pathways achieve specificity. This study establishes a broadly applicable, comprehensive, and unbiased approach to reveal the wiring and functions of a regulatory network controlling a major transcriptional response in primary mammalian cells.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2879337/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2879337/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Amit, Ido -- Garber, Manuel -- Chevrier, Nicolas -- Leite, Ana Paula -- Donner, Yoni -- Eisenhaure, Thomas -- Guttman, Mitchell -- Grenier, Jennifer K -- Li, Weibo -- Zuk, Or -- Schubert, Lisa A -- Birditt, Brian -- Shay, Tal -- Goren, Alon -- Zhang, Xiaolan -- Smith, Zachary -- Deering, Raquel -- McDonald, Rebecca C -- Cabili, Moran -- Bernstein, Bradley E -- Rinn, John L -- Meissner, Alex -- Root, David E -- Hacohen, Nir -- Regev, Aviv -- DP1 OD003958/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP1 OD003958-01/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP2 OD002230/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP2 OD002230-01/OD/NIH HHS/ -- R21 AI071060/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R21 AI071060-01/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R21 AI71060/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- S10 RR026688/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Oct 9;326(5950):257-63. doi: 10.1126/science.1179050. Epub 2009 Sep 3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19729616" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bacteria/*immunology ; Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly ; DNA, Single-Stranded/immunology ; Dendritic Cells/*immunology/*metabolism ; Feedback, Physiological ; Gene Expression Profiling ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; *Gene Regulatory Networks ; Inflammation/immunology/*metabolism ; Lipopeptides/immunology ; Lipopolysaccharides/immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Poly I-C/immunology ; RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Toll-Like Receptors/agonists ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic ; Viruses/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2009-01-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4126799/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4126799/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chi, Andrew S -- Bernstein, Bradley E -- U54 HG004570/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG004570-01/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Jan 9;323(5911):220-1. doi: 10.1126/science.1166261.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular Pathology Unit and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19131621" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line ; Cell Lineage ; Chromatin/*physiology ; Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly ; Embryonic Stem Cells/*physiology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Nucleosomes/physiology ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/*physiology ; Polycomb-Group Proteins ; Repressor Proteins/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; *Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2012-06-23
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ryan, Russell J H -- Bernstein, Bradley E -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Jun 22;336(6088):1513-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1223730.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22723401" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chromatin/chemistry/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; DNA Methylation ; Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; *Epigenesis, Genetic ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Gene Silencing ; *Genome, Human ; Histones/genetics/*metabolism ; Humans ; Methylation ; Mutation ; Neoplasms/*genetics/metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Transcription Factors/*metabolism ; *Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2013-03-30
    Description: The demonstration of induced pluripotency and direct lineage conversion has led to remarkable insights regarding the roles of transcription factors and chromatin regulators in mediating cell state transitions. Beyond its considerable implications for regenerative medicine, this body of work is highly relevant to multiple stages of oncogenesis, from the initial cellular transformation to the hierarchical organization of established malignancies. Here, we review conceptual parallels between the respective biological phenomena, highlighting important interrelationships among transcription factors, chromatin regulators, and preexisting epigenetic states. The shared mechanisms provide insights into oncogenic transformation, tumor heterogeneity, and cancer stem cell models.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3821556/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3821556/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Suva, Mario L -- Riggi, Nicolo -- Bernstein, Bradley E -- U01 ES017155/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Mar 29;339(6127):1567-70. doi: 10.1126/science.1230184.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23539597" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/*genetics ; Cellular Reprogramming/*genetics ; Chromatin/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; DNA Methylation ; *Epigenesis, Genetic ; Humans ; Mice ; Neoplasms/*genetics ; Neoplastic Stem Cells/*pathology ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/pathology ; Transcription Factors/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2014-06-14
    Description: Human cancers are complex ecosystems composed of cells with distinct phenotypes, genotypes, and epigenetic states, but current models do not adequately reflect tumor composition in patients. We used single-cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to profile 430 cells from five primary glioblastomas, which we found to be inherently variable in their expression of diverse transcriptional programs related to oncogenic signaling, proliferation, complement/immune response, and hypoxia. We also observed a continuum of stemness-related expression states that enabled us to identify putative regulators of stemness in vivo. Finally, we show that established glioblastoma subtype classifiers are variably expressed across individual cells within a tumor and demonstrate the potential prognostic implications of such intratumoral heterogeneity. Thus, we reveal previously unappreciated heterogeneity in diverse regulatory programs central to glioblastoma biology, prognosis, and therapy.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4123637/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4123637/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Patel, Anoop P -- Tirosh, Itay -- Trombetta, John J -- Shalek, Alex K -- Gillespie, Shawn M -- Wakimoto, Hiroaki -- Cahill, Daniel P -- Nahed, Brian V -- Curry, William T -- Martuza, Robert L -- Louis, David N -- Rozenblatt-Rosen, Orit -- Suva, Mario L -- Regev, Aviv -- Bernstein, Bradley E -- P50 CA165962/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS032677/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R25NS065743/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- U24 CA180922/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG006991/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Jun 20;344(6190):1396-401. doi: 10.1126/science.1254257. Epub 2014 Jun 12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Techonology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA. ; Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Techonology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. ; Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Techonology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA. ; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA. ; Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA. ; Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Techonology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. bernstein.bradley@mgh.harvard.edu aregev@broadinstitute.org suva.mario@mgh.harvard.edu. ; Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Techonology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA. Department of Biology, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. bernstein.bradley@mgh.harvard.edu aregev@broadinstitute.org suva.mario@mgh.harvard.edu. ; Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Techonology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA. bernstein.bradley@mgh.harvard.edu aregev@broadinstitute.org suva.mario@mgh.harvard.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24925914" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Brain Neoplasms/classification/drug therapy/*genetics ; Gene Expression Profiling ; *Genetic Variation ; Glioblastoma/classification/drug therapy/*genetics ; Humans ; Prognosis ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics ; Sequence Analysis, RNA/methods ; Single-Cell Analysis/methods
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2016-05-07
    Description: Different combinations of histone modifications have been proposed to signal distinct gene regulatory functions, but this area is poorly addressed by existing technologies. We applied high-throughput single-molecule imaging to decode combinatorial modifications on millions of individual nucleosomes from pluripotent stem cells and lineage-committed cells. We identified definitively bivalent nucleosomes with concomitant repressive and activating marks, as well as other combinatorial modification states whose prevalence varies with developmental potency. We showed that genetic and chemical perturbations of chromatin enzymes preferentially affect nucleosomes harboring specific modification states. Last, we combined this proteomic platform with single-molecule DNA sequencing technology to simultaneously determine the modification states and genomic positions of individual nucleosomes. This single-molecule technology has the potential to address fundamental questions in chromatin biology and epigenetic regulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shema, Efrat -- Jones, Daniel -- Shoresh, Noam -- Donohue, Laura -- Ram, Oren -- Bernstein, Bradley E -- R44HG005279/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 May 6;352(6286):717-21. doi: 10.1126/science.aad7701.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. ; SeqLL, Woburn, MA 01801, USA. ; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. ; Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. bernstein.bradley@mgh.harvard.edu.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27151869" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-07-21
    Description: Chromatin and associated epigenetic mechanisms stabilize gene expression and cellular states while also facilitating appropriate responses to developmental or environmental cues. Genetic, environmental, or metabolic insults can induce overly restrictive or overly permissive epigenetic landscapes that contribute to pathogenesis of cancer and other diseases. Restrictive chromatin states may prevent appropriate induction of tumor suppressor programs or block differentiation. By contrast, permissive or "plastic" states may allow stochastic oncogene activation or nonphysiologic cell fate transitions. Whereas many stochastic events will be inconsequential "passengers," some will confer a fitness advantage to a cell and be selected as "drivers." We review the broad roles played by epigenetic aberrations in tumor initiation and evolution and their potential to give rise to all classic hallmarks of cancer.
    Keywords: Medicine, Diseases, Online Only
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2018-04-20
    Description: Gliomas with histone H3 lysine27-to-methionine mutations (H3K27M-glioma) arise primarily in the midline of the central nervous system of young children, suggesting a cooperation between genetics and cellular context in tumorigenesis. Although the genetics of H3K27M-glioma are well characterized, their cellular architecture remains uncharted. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing in 3321 cells from six primary H3K27M-glioma and matched models. We found that H3K27M-glioma primarily contain cells that resemble oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPC-like), whereas more differentiated malignant cells are a minority. OPC-like cells exhibit greater proliferation and tumor-propagating potential than their more differentiated counterparts and are at least in part sustained by PDGFRA signaling. Our study characterizes oncogenic and developmental programs in H3K27M-glioma at single-cell resolution and across genetic subclones, suggesting potential therapeutic targets in this disease.
    Keywords: Genetics, Medicine, Diseases
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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