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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (10)
  • 1990-1994  (10)
  • 1
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    The three-dimensional structure of canine parvovirus and its functional implications (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-03-22
    Description: The three-dimensional atomic structure of a single-stranded DNA virus has been determined. Infectious virions of canine parvovirus contain 60 protein subunits that are predominantly VP-2. The central structural motif of VP-2 has the same topology (an eight-stranded antiparallel beta barrel) as has been found in many other icosahedral viruses but represents only about one-third of the capsid protein. There is a 22 angstrom (A) long protrusion on the threefold axes, a 15 A deep canyon circulating about each of the five cylindrical structures at the fivefold axes, and a 15 A deep depression at the twofold axes. By analogy with rhinoviruses, the canyon may be the site of receptor attachment. Residues related to the antigenic properties of the virus are found on the threefold protrusions. Some of the amino termini of VP-2 run to the exterior in full but not empty virions, which is consistent with the observation that some VP-2 polypeptides in full particles can be cleaved by trypsin. Eleven nucleotides are seen in each of 60 symmetry-related pockets on the interior surface of the capsid and together account for 13 percent of the genome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tsao, J -- Chapman, M S -- Agbandje, M -- Keller, W -- Smith, K -- Wu, H -- Luo, M -- Smith, T J -- Rossmann, M G -- Compans, R W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Mar 22;251(5000):1456-64.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2006420" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Antigens, Viral/chemistry ; Capsid/ultrastructure ; Crystallography ; DNA, Viral/ultrastructure ; Hemagglutinins, Viral/chemistry ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Molecular Structure ; Parvoviridae/*ultrastructure ; Virion/ultrastructure ; Virus Replication ; X-Ray Diffraction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Galileo encounter with 951 gaspra: first pictures of an asteroid (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-09-18
    Description: Galileo images of Gaspra reveal it to be an irregularly shaped object (19 by 12 by 11 kilometers) that appears to have been created by a catastrophic collisional disruption of a precursor parent body. The cratering age of the surface is about 200 million years. Subtle albedo and color variations appear to correlate with morphological features: Brighter materials are associated with craters especially along the crests of ridges, have a stronger 1-micrometer absorption, and may represent freshly excavated mafic materials; darker materials exhibiting a significantly weaker 1-micrometer absorption appear concentrated in interridge areas. One explanation of these patterns is that Gaspra is covered with a thin regolith and that some of this material has migrated downslope in some areas.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Belton, M J -- Veverka, J -- Thomas, P -- Helfenstein, P -- Simonelli, D -- Chapman, C -- Davies, M E -- Greeley, R -- Greenberg, R -- Head, J -- Murchie, S -- Klaasen, K -- Johnson, T V -- McEwen, A -- Morrison, D -- Neukum, G -- Fanale, F -- Anger, C -- Carr, M -- Pilcher, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Sep 18;257(5077):1647-52.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17841160" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Images from galileo of the venus cloud deck (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-09-27
    Description: Images of Venus taken at 418 (violet) and 986 [near-infrared (NIR)] nanometers show that the morphology and motions of large-scale features change with depth in the cloud deck. Poleward meridional velocities, seen in both spectral regions, are much reduced in the NIR In the south polar region the markings in the two wavelength bands are strongly anticorrelated. The images follow the changing state of the upper cloud layer downwind of the subsolar point, and the zonal flow field shows a longitudinal periodicity that may be coupled to the formation of large-scale planetary waves. No optical lightning was detected.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Belton, M J -- Gierasch, P J -- Smith, M D -- Helfenstein, P -- Schinder, P J -- Pollack, J B -- Rages, K A -- Ingersoll, A P -- Klaasen, K P -- Veverka, J -- Anger, C D -- Carr, M H -- Chapman, C R -- Davies, M E -- Fanale, F P -- Greeley, R -- Greenberg, R -- Head, J W 3rd -- Morrison, D -- Neukum, G -- Pilcher, C B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Sep 27;253(5027):1531-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17784096" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Air pollution benefit-cost assessment (1991)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-08-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chapman, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Aug 9;253(5020):608.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17772349" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Lunar impact basins and crustal heterogeneity: new Western limb and far side data from galileo (1992)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-01-31
    Description: Multispectral images of the lunar western limb and far side obtained from Galileo reveal the compositional nature of several prominent lunar features and provide new information on lunar evolution. The data reveal that the ejecta from the Orientale impact basin (900 kilometers in diameter) lying outside the Cordillera Mountains was excavated from the crust, not the mantle, and covers pre-Orientale terrain that consisted of both highland materials and relatively large expanses of ancient mare basalts. The inside of the far side South Pole-Aitken basin (〉2000 kilometers in diameter) has low albedo, red color, and a relatively high abundance of iron- and magnesium-rich materials. These features suggest that the impact may have penetrated into the deep crust or lunar mantle or that the basin contains ancient mare basalts that were later covered by highlands ejecta.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Belton, M J -- Head, J W 3rd -- Pieters, C M -- Greeley, R -- McEwen, A S -- Neukum, G -- Klaasen, K P -- Anger, C D -- Carr, M H -- Chapman, C R -- Davies, M E -- Fanale, F P -- Gierasch, P J -- Greenberg, R -- Ingersoll, A P -- Johnson, T -- Paczkowski, B -- Pilcher, C B -- Veverka, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1992 Jan 31;255(5044):570-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17792379" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    First images of asteroid 243 ida (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-09-09
    Description: The first images of the asteroid 243 Ida from Galileo show an irregular object measuring 56-kilometers by 24 kilometers by 21 kilometers. Its surface is rich in geologic features, including systems of grooves, blocks, chutes, albedo features, crater chains, and a full range of crater morphologies. The largest blocks may be distributed nonuniformly across the surface; lineaments and dark-floored craters also have preferential locations. Ida is interpreted to have a substantial regolith. The high crater density and size-frequency distribution (-3 differential power-law index) indicate a surface in equilibrium with saturated cratering. A minimum model crater age for Ida-and therefore for the Koronis family to which Ida belongs-is estimated at 1 billion years, older than expected.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Belton, M J -- Chapman, C R -- Veverka, J -- Klaasen, K P -- Harch, A -- Greeley, R -- Greenberg, R -- Head, J W 3rd -- McEwen, A -- Morrison, D -- Thomas, P C -- Davies, M E -- Carr, M H -- Neukum, G -- Fanale, F P -- Davis, D R -- Anger, C -- Gierasch, P J -- Ingersoll, A P -- Pilcher, C B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Sep 9;265(5178):1543-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17801529" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 7
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    The unidentified interstellar infrared bands: PAHs as carriers? (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-09-16
    Description: Infrared emission spectra of gas-phase naphthalene and pyrene have been measured in the range of 3 to 7.5 micrometers with ultraviolet laser desorption-excitation and a spectroscopic technique featuring single-photon counting in the infrared. The spectra were compared with the unidentified infrared emission bands that are observed in many astronomical objects. Marked discrepancies between those observations and the laboratory emission spectra in the wavelengths and relative intensities of principal spectral features led to the conclusion that small neutral unsubstituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons cannot be the carriers of the unidentified infrared emission bands.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schlemmer, S -- Cook, D J -- Harrison, J A -- Wurfel, B -- Chapman, W -- Saykally, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Sep 16;265:1686-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley 94720-1460, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11539830" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Astronomy/*methods ; Naphthalenes/*chemistry ; Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic/*analysis/chemistry ; Pyrenes/*chemistry ; Spectrophotometry, Infrared
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  • 8
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    Colocalization of X-linked agammaglobulinemia and X-linked immunodeficiency genes (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-07-16
    Description: Mice that bear the X-linked immunodeficiency (xid) mutation have a B lymphocyte-specific defect resulting in an inability to make antibody responses to polysaccharide antigens. A backcross of 1114 progeny revealed the colocalization of xid with Bruton's agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase (btk) gene, which is implicated in the human immune deficiency, X-linked agammaglobulinemia. Mice that carry xid have a missense mutation that alters a highly conserved arginine near the amino-terminus of the btk protein, Btk. Because this region of Btk lies outside any obvious kinase domain, the xid mutation may define another aspect of tyrosine kinase function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thomas, J D -- Sideras, P -- Smith, C I -- Vorechovsky, I -- Chapman, V -- Paul, W E -- GM33160/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HG00277/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jul 16;261(5119):355-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8332900" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agammaglobulinemia/enzymology/*genetics/immunology ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/enzymology/immunology ; Base Sequence ; Chromosome Mapping ; Crosses, Genetic ; Female ; *Genes ; Genetic Linkage ; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/enzymology/*genetics/immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred CBA ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Muridae ; Mutation ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; *X Chromosome
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  • 9
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    A seismotectonic model for the 300-kilometer-long eastern tennessee seismic zone (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-04-29
    Description: Ten years of monitoring microearthquakes with a regional seismic network has revealed the presence of a well-defined, linear zone of seismic activity in eastern Tennessee. This zone produced the second highest release of seismic strain energy in the United States east of the Rocky Mountains during the last decade, when normalized by crustal area. The data indicate that seismicity produced by regional, intraplate stresses is now concentrating near the boundary between relatively strong and weak basement crustal blocks.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Powell, C A -- Bollinger, G A -- Chapman, M C -- Sibol, M S -- Johnston, A C -- Wheeler, R L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Apr 29;264(5159):686-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17737953" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 10
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    Galileo multispectral imaging of the north polar and eastern limb regions of the moon (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-05-20
    Description: Multispectral images obtained during the Galileo probe's second encounter with the moon reveal the compositional nature of the north polar regions and the northeastern limb. Mare deposits in these regions are found to be primarily low to medium titanium lavas and, as on the western limb, show only slight spectral heterogeneity. The northern light plains are found to have the spectral characteristics of highlands materials, show little evidence for the presence of cryptomaria, and were most likely emplaced by impact processes regardless of their age.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Belton, M J -- Greeley, R -- Greenberg, R -- Geissler, P -- McEwen, A -- Klaasen, K P -- Heffernan, C -- Breneman, H -- Johnson, T V -- Head, J W 3rd -- Pieters, C -- Neukum, G -- Chapman, C R -- Anger, C -- Carr, M H -- Davies, M E -- Fanale, F P -- Gierasch, P J -- Thompson, W R -- Veverka, J -- Sagan, C -- Ingersoll, A P -- Pilcher, C B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 May 20;264(5162):1112-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17744892" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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