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  • AGU (American Geophysical Union)  (6)
  • American Institute of Physics for the Acoustical Society of America  (1)
  • American Meteorological Society (AMS)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 2
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    American Institute of Physics for the Acoustical Society of America
    In:  Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 116 (2). pp. 790-798.
    Publication Date: 2018-04-13
    Description: Ocean acoustic tomography is used to obtain heat-content estimates for the western Mediterranean basin. Travel-time data from 13 tomography sections of the Thetis-2 experiment (January–October 1994) are analyzed with a matched-peak inversion approach. The underlying analysis involves the use of peak arrivals and nonlinear model relations between travel-time and sound-speed variations. Slice inversion results are combined with temperature covariance functions for the western Mediterranean to obtain heat-content estimates for the basin. These estimates compare favorably with ECMWF data over the nine-month period of the Thetis-2 experiment. Furthermore, estimates for the basin-average temperature of the western Mediterranean deep water are obtained. © 2004 Acoustical Society of America.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 3
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    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 110 (C11). C11017.
    Publication Date: 2018-04-19
    Description: This is a study about the general circulation of the southwestern Mediterranean Sea based on observations of currents carried out in the southwestern Mediterranean Sea in the framework of the Mass Transfer and Ecosystem Response (MATER) program (EEC/MAST3 program). From July 1997 to August 2002, profiling floats (MEDPROF experiment), isobaric floats (LIWEX experiment), and moored current meters (ELISA experiment) give evidence of two large-scale barotropic cyclonic circulations, the here-called Western and Eastern Algerian Gyres, centered around [3730′N, 230′E] and [3830′N, 600′E], respectively. These gyres have typical horizontal scales of 100–300 km and are characterized by orbital velocities of about 5 cm/s corresponding to rotational periods of about 4 months. They are strongly related to the bottom topography of the basin and to the planetary vorticity gradient: closed f/H isocontours (f is the planetary vorticity, H the water depth) correspond to the locations of the gyres and favor such circulations as free geostrophic modes. A linear and barotropic model is used to investigate the possibility of wind driving, but the results suggest that the wind stress is not responsible for establishing such circulations. The boundary currents flowing along the continental slope of Africa, Sardinia, and the Balearic Islands are proposed to be the main drivers of these gyres.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 4
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    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters, 32 (L13602).
    Publication Date: 2018-03-28
    Description: During the MATER experiment, an eddy characterized by marked Levantine Intermediate Water (LIW) in its core at intermediate depth, and called Sardinian Eddy (SE), has been observed in the Algerian Basin located in the western Mediterranean Sea. Here, results from a numerical simulation allow to investigate thoroughly such structures. The formation of SEs and their life cycle in the model are detailed and compared to in-situ observations. The formation of SEs is associated with the detachment from the continental slope of Sardinia of the large-scale cyclonic gyre found in the Algerian Basin. Once formed, SEs leave the slope westwards. They are strongly barotropic and about 3 to 4 SEs are created each year. At a later stage, SEs develop a baroclinic component as revealed by an emerging surface signature about 1 month after their formation. Coalescence processes and merging of these eddies are documented between Minorca and Sardinia where these eddies accumulate.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-02-01
    Description: Since 2010, an intense effort in the collection of in situ observations has been carried out in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea thanks to gliders, profiling floats, regular cruises, and mooring lines. This integrated observing system enabled a year-to-year monitoring of the deep waters formation that occurred in the Gulf of Lions area during four consecutive winters (2010–2013). Vortical structures remnant of wintertime deep vertical mixing events were regularly sampled by the different observing platforms. These are Submesoscale Coherent Vortices (SCVs) characterized by a small radius (∼5–8 km), strong depth-intensified orbital velocities (∼10–20 cm s−1) with often a weak surface signature, high Rossby (∼0.5) and Burger numbers O(0.5–1). Anticyclones transport convected waters resulting from intermediate (∼300 m) to deep (∼2000 m) vertical mixing. Cyclones are characterized by a 500–1000 m thick layer of weakly stratified deep waters (or bottom waters that cascaded from the shelf of the Gulf of Lions in 2012) extending down to the bottom of the ocean at ∼2500 m. The formation of cyclonic eddies seems to be favored by bottom-reaching convection occurring during the study period or cascading events reaching the abyssal plain. We confirm the prominent role of anticyclonic SCVs and shed light on the important role of cyclonic SCVs in the spreading of a significant amount (∼30%) of the newly formed deep waters away from the winter mixing areas. Since they can survive until the following winter, they can potentially have a great impact on the mixed layer deepening through a local preconditioning effect.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2018-03-28
    Description: A new 0.5° resolution Mediterranean climatology of the mixed layer depth based on individual profiles of temperature and salinity has been constructed. The criterion selected is a threshold value of temperature from a near‐surface value at 10 m depth, mainly derived by a method applied on the global (de Boyer Montégut et al., 2004 dBM04). With respect to dBM04, the main differences reside in the absence of spatial interpolation of the final fields and in the improved spatial resolution. These changes to the method are necessary to reproduce the Mediterranean mixed layer's behavior. In the derived climatological maps, the most relevant features of the basin surface circulation are reproduced, as well as the areas prone of the deep water formation are clearly identified. Finally, the role of density in the definition of the mixed layer's differing behaviors between the oriental and the occidental regions of the basin is presented.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2022-03-08
    Description: Glider measurements acquired along four transects between Cap-Vert Peninsula and the Cape Verde archipelago in the eastern tropical North Atlantic during March–April 2014 were used to investigate fine-scale stirring in an anticyclonic eddy. The anticyclone was formed near 12°N off the continental shelf and propagated northwest toward the Cape Verde islands. At depth, between 100 and –400 m, the isolated anticyclone core contained relatively oxygenated, low-salinity South Atlantic Central Water, while the surrounding water masses were saltier and poorly oxygenated. The dynamical and thermohaline subsurface environment favored the generation of fine-scale horizontal and vertical temperature and salinity structures in and around the core of the anticyclone. These features exhibited horizontal scales of O(10–30 km) relatively small with respect to the eddy radius of O(150 km). The vertical scales of O(5–100 m) were associated to density-compensated gradient. Spectra of salinity and oxygen along isopycnals revealed a slope of around k−2 in the 10- to 100-km horizontal scale range. Further analyses suggest that the fine-scale structures are likely related to tracer stirring processes. Such mesoscale anticyclonic eddies and the embedded fine-scale tracers in and around them could play a major role in the transport of South Atlantic Central Water masses and ventilation of the North Atlantic Oxygen Minimum Zone.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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