Publication Date:
2021-06-07
Description:
Volcanic emissions are a critical pathway in Earth's carbon cycle. Here, we show that aerial measurements of volcanic gases using unoccupied aerial systems (UAS) transform our ability to measure and monitor plumes remotely and to constrain global volatile fluxes from volcanoes. Combining multi-scale measurements from ground-based remote sensing, long-range aerial sampling, and satellites, we present comprehensive gas fluxes-3760 ± [600, 310] tons day-1 CO2 and 5150 ± [730, 340] tons day-1 SO2-for a strong yet previously uncharacterized volcanic emitter: Manam, Papua New Guinea. The CO2/ST ratio of 1.07 ± 0.06 suggests a modest slab sediment contribution to the sub-arc mantle. We find that aerial strategies reduce uncertainties associated with ground-based remote sensing of SO2 flux and enable near-real-time measurements of plume chemistry and carbon isotope composition. Our data emphasize the need to account for time averaging of temporal variability in volcanic gas emissions in global flux estimates.
Description:
This research was enabled through the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation's support of the Deep Carbon Observatory Deep Earth Carbon Degassing program (DECADE). Part funding also came from the EPSRC CASCADE programme grant (EP/R009953/1). EJL was supported by a Leverhulme Trust Early Career Fellowship. KW was supported by the National Center for Nuclear Robotics (NCNR) EPSRC grant (EP/R02572X/1).
Description:
Published
Description:
eabb9103
Description:
7TM.Sviluppo e Trasferimento Tecnologico
Description:
JCR Journal
Keywords:
UAS
;
volcanic plume
;
carbon cycle
;
04.08. Volcanology
;
05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest
Repository Name:
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
Type:
article
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