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  • 1
    Publication Date: 1936-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0016-7568
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-5081
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    International review for social history 3 (1938), S. 398-410 
    ISSN: 1873-0841
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The above article, a chapter from a larger work on the socio-historical foundation of Prussia, deals with the only peasants' revolt of importance that ever took place in Germany east of the Elbe. In September 1525, when in western Germany the after-effects of the great revolt were ebbing down, the peasants in the recently secularized dukedom of Prussia revolted against the rising nobility. The course of the peasants' action and the insufficient assistance they received from the town of Konigsberg and its citizens are sketched separately from material gathered from a contemporary chronicle. Already five days after the outbreak of the revolt and before serious acts of violence had occurred, the aristocratic town-council of Königsberg effected peace between the peasants and the nobility. After the return of the duke from Germany, severe punishments were inflicted, followed in the next year by the statutory regulation of all the new peasants' obligations.Special attention deserve: the close connection between the peasant movement and contemporary unrests in Konigsberg; the influence that radiated from there; the lack of support from the towns as the cause of the speedy break-down of the revolt; its pronouncedly political character, hardly influenced by religious ideas and aiming at rooting out the aristocratic “weeds”. The leading elements of the revolt were the well-to-do, self-confident, free peasants—of German as well as of Polish descent—and not the mostly impoverished serfs, which proves that no peasants' revolts occurred east of the Elbe not because of the favourable condition of the peasants there, and that also in this one particular case socially higher situated elements were sooner inclined to revolt against suppression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1938-01-01
    Description: The publication of a Report on the Progress of the Discovery Committee's Investigations (Discovery Committee, Colonial Office, June 1937) provides a suitable occasion to review briefly the achievements of the last twelve years.
    Print ISSN: 0032-2474
    Electronic ISSN: 1475-3057
    Topics: Ethnic Sciences , Geography
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1938-10-01
    Description: 1. A study has been made of the relative development of some regions in the fleece of twin lambs of a Suffolk ♂ × Suffolk (Border Leicester-Cheviot) ♀ cross during growth. The different regions develop in the following order: shoulder → leg → belly → tail. It is concluded that an improved animal is one in which the latest developing part of the fleece has the least possible number of undesirable fibres at the earliest possible age. The breeds of sheep begin their wool improvement by changes in the earliest developing regions (shoulder) and finish it in the latest (tail).2. The properties of the fleece studied were the colour of the fibres, the medullated fibres, the fineness of the fibres, and uniformity of fibre size. In general a relationship is found between the stage and rapidity of development of the area, and the properties of the fibre. The intensity of the colour is stronger during the early active stages of development. There is a tendency to lose some kinds of coloured fibres, and to diminish the intensity of the colour in others as the development of each region in which the fibres grow proceeds.The medullated fibres appeared in greatest quantities in the later developing regions, except the belly which presents few medullated fibres.The staple is much finer at the first month of growth than in the later stages. Frequency curves of fibre size are of more value than average fibre size in estimating the value of the fleece.3. It is suggested that the examination of the fleece of the lamb will give some idea of its genetic constitution and will reveal defects which would be concealed in the adult. Such a “phaeno-genetic” selection can be made best in a “late developing” area of the body such as the tail of the lamb at one month old.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8596
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-5146
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1930-04-01
    Description: In England, the corn-growing situation, after a span of precarious years, has now become critical. Even if prices rise substantially and fairly soon, what may be described as essentially the “English cereal yield problem” will remain.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8596
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-5146
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1931-01-01
    Description: Hart(1) has recently emphasised the importance of obtaining soil colour data. The following method, which is an elaboration of one proposed by Monie(2), has proved satisfactory in practice.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8596
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-5146
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1931-01-01
    Description: This paper describes a uniformity trial with irrigated broadcast rice and shows the large inter- and intra-field variation which exists.The standard deviations decrease with the increased size of plots and vary from 20–1 per cent, with 1/436 acre plots to 7–8 per cent, with 1/22 acre plots.The decrease of the standard deviation is small with plots larger than 1/87 acre. This size of plot is considered to be the most practicable for field trials.The influence of proximity to bunds, irrigation channels and drains on increasing yields is discussed and methods of reducing errors due to this cause are suggested.It is shown that the use of a Latin square extending over more than one field has not produced a more accurate experiment than the use of randomised blocks. The latter method would therefore appear to be the more suitable for manurial and other trials, under the particular conditions of rice growing.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8596
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-5146
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1931-01-01
    Description: 1. Addition of farmyard manure to soil gives rise, in laboratory experiments, to an abundant development of cellulose-decomposing bacteria of the genus Vibrio in approximately neutral soils (pH 6.5–7.0). In faintly acid soils (pH 5.7–6.2) these organisms develop less abundantly, and are partly replaced by Spirochaeta cytophaga. At lower pH values only the fungi are active in the decomposition of cellulose. Similar results were obtained by adding filter-paper or straw to soils of different reactions. Of the fungi, Trichoderma and Penicillium appear more active in acid soil, whereas other forms, among others Mycogone nigra, Stachybotrys sp., Coccospora agricola (?), and Botryosporium sp. seemed prominent in neutral soil.2. The vibrios, of which four strains were studied in pure culture, are very sensitive to acidity. They fail to develop in the pH interval 6.0–6.4, and have an optimum at p 7.1–7.6. Spirochaeta cytophaga appears to be slightly more resistant to acidity, being able to grow at pH 5.6–6.0.3. The bacteria as well as the fungi are capable of decomposing the lignified cellulose of straw.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8596
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-5146
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1930-07-01
    Description: Keratin, prepared from horn meal, was added to moist field and garden soil and allowed to decompose in the laboratory. The keratin was found to undergo a decomposition resulting in a slow, but steady accumulation of ammonia and nitrate. 35–40 per cent, of its nitrogen was transformed into nitrate after 120 days. The addition of keratin produced little or no increase in the number of bacterial colonies on agar platings, but markedly increased the number of actinomycete colonies, especially in garden soil. Two strains of actinomycetes were isolated and found capable of thriving on keratin in pure culture, decomposing the keratin with the formation of ammonia. One of the strains could be recognised as Actinomyces citreus Krainsky, as described by Waksman. The other strain could not be named, but corresponded closely to the description of Waksman's Actinomyces 145.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8596
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-5146
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1932-04-01
    Description: 1. On storage under good farm conditions Calcium Cyanamide gained steadily in weight, the increase reaching about 10 per cent. after 27 months. The percentage of nitrogen decreased at a practically equivalent rate, so that there was little change in total nitrogen. The form of the nitrogen remained practically unchanged for the first 6 months; by 12 months there was a slight reduction in cyanamide nitrogen and a slight production of dicyanodiamide—less than 1 per cent. of the total nitrogen.2. In a farm mixture of Calcium Cyanamide and superphosphate (1:3) cooled by spreading in a thin layer after mixing, 16 per cent, of the nitrogen was converted to dicyanodiamide in the fresh mixture and this increased to 25 per cent, after 1 month's storage. More dicyanodiamide was produced in a series of laboratory mixtures of Calcium Cyanamide and superphosphate, in which heating was allowed to take place. Dicyanodiamide production varied regularly with the composition of the mixtures, rising to a maximum of 50 per cent. of the total nitrogen in the mixture containing 20 per cent. of Calcium Cyanamide, and falling to below 20 per cent. of the nitrogen in the 50 per cent. mixture.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8596
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-5146
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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