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  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (17)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (17)
  • 1960-1964  (17)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mass algal culture in space operations (1960)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biochemical and Microbiological Technology and Engineering 2 (1960), S. 299-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 0368-1467
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A system is described which uses photosynthesis to regenerate oxygen from exhaled carbon dioxide in sealed cabins in the absence of gravity. Design considerations as to choice of algal strain, illumination, nutrients and gas-exchange methods are discussed. Details are given of such an apparatus, of laboratory size, used to evaluate selected semipermeable gas-exchange membranes. Data is presented and extrapolated to estimate size and weight of a possible manned space system.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbmte.390020306
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Submerged citric acid fermentation of ferrocyanide-treated cane molassesContribution from the Division of Applied Biology, National Research Council, Ottawa 2, Canada. Issued as N.R.C. No. 6722 (1962)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 4 (1962), S. 17-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Ferrocyanide-treated cane molasses was fermented in 2.5-l. Pyrex tower fermenters using pellets of Aspergillus niger, grown in beet molasses, as an inoculum. The success of the process depended on accurate control of the ferrocyanide concentration in the fermentation mash. Highest yields (up to 80% conversion of available sugar in 8 days) were obtained when the ferrocyanide concentration was 20 p.p.m. at the start of fermentation and then increased to 80-150 p.p.m. at the 24-hr. period. Addition of phosphate, nitrate, or methanol to fermentation mash did not increase rate of acid production or final yield.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260040104
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of 1-dehydrogenation of steroids by Septomyxa affinis (1962)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 4 (1962), S. 65-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Mathematical models for the kinetics of 1-dehydrogenation of steroids by Septomyxa affinis are considered. A model providing for product inhibition fits experimental data best. Product inhibition was also demonstrated directly.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260040109
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laboratory testing of pharmaceutical wastes for biological control (1962)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 4 (1962), S. 139-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260040204
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some effects of turbine size on novobiocin fermentations (1962)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 4 (1962), S. 231-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Studies were made of oxygen transfer and power in 20-1. novobiocin fermentations with five sizes (23-60% of the tank diameter) of geometrically similar flatblade turbine impellers. The influence of changes in apparent viscosity on oxygen transfer and power was found to be related to impeller diameter. At constant agitator speed the oxygen availability rate (OAR) decreased with increase in apparent viscosity, but the magnitude of the reduction was less with a small impeller than with a large one. At constant power input the small-diameter impeller (23% of tank diameter) gave an OAR about 8 times that of the large one (60% of tank diameter) when tested in viscous beer, whereas with sulfite or yeast all impeller diameters gave the same OAR. Impeller tip velocity correlated with OAR independently of diameter for the five turbine sizes examined. The power required for optimal novobiocin yields increased with increase in turbine diameter, but the yields were independent of diameter at equal OAR.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260040213
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aeration in tower-type fermentors: Effect of tower diameter and number of aeration disksContribution No. 6866, from the Division of Applied Biology, National Research Council, Ottawa, Canada (1962)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 4 (1962), S. 241-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The rate of oxygen absorption by aqueous sodium sulphite solutions in tower-type fermentors up to 6 in. in diameter was related both to tower diameter and to the number of sintered Pyrex disks used for dispersing air entering the towers. Maximal rates of absorption were obtained in towers 2.5 in. in diameter. Under comparable conditions, rates of oxygen transfer in towers containing one aeration disk were approximately 30% higher than those in similar towers containing two or more disks. In towers greater than 6 in. in diameter, the absorption rate was independent of vessel diameter and number of aeration disks when more than one disk was used. Bubble coalescence was the main cause of the difference in the rate of oxygen absorption.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260040214
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Automatic control of dissolved oxygen levels in fermentations (1962)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 4 (1962), S. 345-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Dissolved oxygen levels in fermentation systems are affected by (a) gas flow rate, (b) degree of agitation, and (c) oxygen partial pressure in the gas. Since the first two variables cannot easily be separated, a method for dissolved oxygen control has been devised based on the variation of oxygen partial pressure in the gas. Oxygen and nitrogen are fed to a special mixing valve capable of varying the proportions of the two gases while keeping the total flow rate constant. A dissolved oxygen electrode and control system adjust the valve setting to automatically maintain a preset oxygen level. Oxygen analyzers, monitoring the inlet and outlet gas streams, provide additional information from which oxygen absorption and uptake rates may be determined. The system provides a means for the quantitative and independent study of aeration and agitation effects. In addition, it offers a basis for routine control of oxygen levels in plant fermentation equipment.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260040311
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of cobamides by Butyribacterium rettgeri (1963)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 5 (1963), S. 21-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Cobamide production by Butyribacterium rettgeri Barker and Haas (ATCC 10825) was studied on a laboratory scale. Yields of the order of 5 μg./ml. were obtained when this anaerobe was grown for 6 days at 37°C. in a medium containing glucose, cornsteep liquor, cobalt nitrate, calcium carbonate, and sufficient ammonium hydroxide to keep the pH between 6.0 and 7.2. All of the vitamin was found associated with the bacterial cells, and examination of extracts of these cells showed the presence of 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazolylcobamide coenzyme in large quantities. Supplementation of the fermentation medium with a number of benzimidazoles resulted in formation of traces of “new” cobamides with these bases in the nucleotide protion of the cobamide. Supplementation with a number of purines did not result in incorporation of these moieties in the cobamide portion of the molecule.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260050105
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Uniform inoculation of nutrient surfacesContribution from the Division of Applied Biology, National Research Council, Ottawa, Canada. Issued as N.R.C. No. 7650. (1963)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 5 (1963), S. 123-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A method of inoculating nutrient surfaces uniformly with bacterial cells has been developed. The method is based on controlled exposure of samples in a humidified chamber to a spray produced from a bacterial suspension. Factors affecting uniformity of inoculation (ionic strength of suspension, force of spray, distance between spray nozzle and sample, and exposure time) were studied in detail. Under optimum condition using agar medium in Petri plates, differences between total counts for six plates inoculated simultaneously, or between counts for individual 2 cm.2 areas taken at any location on any of the plates, were not statistically significant at the 5% level. The coefficient of variability for counts on 2 cm.2 areas renged from 8 to 12% between tests of 216 counts each.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260050208
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Submerged citric acid fermentation of beet molasses in tank-type fermentersIssued as N.R.C. No. 7672. (1963)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 5 (1963), S. 193-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Ferrocyanide-treated beet molasses was fermented in fully baffled mechanically agitated, 2.5-liter, tank-type fermenters using pellets of Aspergillus niger grown in shake flasks as an inoculum. The object of the study was to adapt the fermentation method previously developed in an unstirred tower-type fermenter to a conventional tank-type fermenter. Under selected conditions of stirring (agitator speed 400-700 rpm) and sparging (medium porosity sintered disk), high yields of citric acid (8.6% citric acid, 70% conversion of available sugar) were obtained in 140 hr. of fermentation. There was little relation between citric acid yield and aeration conditions in the fermenter as judged by mash viscosity measurements and sulfite oxidation studies.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260050304
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