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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface ablation in the impingement region of a liquid jet (1979)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 25 (1979), S. 630-638 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A theoretical and experimental investigation of a water jet impinging on a melting solid surface has been carried out. Ice, octane, p-xylene, and olive oil served as the meltable solid materials, comprising a Prandtl number range of 5 to 2 800. An available laminar stagnation flow model was utilized to describe melting heat transfer in the jet impingement region. Melting rate measurements were found to agree quite well with the values predicted with this model.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690250409
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Potential of adhesives for the future (1962)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 6 (1962), S. 198-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Rapid technological advancements have contributed to the increasing application of adhesives. Because of these accomplishments, because of continuing materials research and process development activities, and because of their inherent advantages, adhesives have a great potential for the future. Requirements for the future impose a severe challenge on developmental capabilities. More severe structural requirements and environmental conditions may be expected. Because of increasing complexity and costs, there are requirements for significantly higher orders of reliability and lower fabrication costs. Improvements in bonding processes and development of comparatively new techniques are desirable. Test methods require further development and standardization - especially nondestructive methods. Continuing work in collecting and reporting pertinent information, especially on properties and design parameters for adhesive bonding is helping to advance the utilization of adhesives. Current trends indicate that adhesives are progressing from the realm of “art” to science, a factor which should substantially aid in advancing the future potential for adhesives.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1962.070062013
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Importance of Magnetic Coupling Through Atoms with Large Spin Densities - Structure and Magnetic Properties of meso-Tetrakis-(4′-tert-Butylphenyl)Porphinatomanganese(III) Hexacyanobutadienide, [MnIIITtBuPP]+[C4(CN)6].- (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemistry - A European Journal 3 (1997), S. 138-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-6539
    Keywords: electron transfer ; magnetic properties ; metalloporphryins ; polymers ; spin density ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: [MnIIITtBuPP]+[C4(CN)6].- · 5PhMe [MnIIITtBuPP = meso-tetrakis-(4′-tert-butylphenyl)porphinatomanganese(III)] has been prepared and structurally and magnetically characterized. The uniform, linear-chain (1-D) coordination polymer comprises alternating cations and anions. The bond lengths in planar ion [C4(CN)6].-]'- are 1.377(10) (CC-CC), 1.418(7) (C-CCC), 1.414 (C-CN), 1.457 (C-CNMn), 1.150 (C≡N), and 1.134 Å (C = NMn). The Mn-N-C angle is 172.3(4)°, and the intrachain Mn  -  Mn separation is 10.685 Å. Each [C4(CN)6].-]' unit is bonded to two MnIII atoms through the interior nitrogen atoms in a trans-μ2-N-σ manner with N-Mn bond lengths of 2.353 Å. The ṽCN absorptions are at 2217 (w, br) and 2190 (m) cm-1. Above 50 K the magnetic susceptibility of [MnIIITtBuPP]+[C4(CN)6].- can be fitted to the Curie-Weiss expression, χ∝1(T - θ), with an effective θ of -13 K. This is consistent with weak antiferromagnetic coupling, which is in contrast to the effective θ of +67 K for the uniform chain [MnIIIOEP]+[C4(CN)6].- [OEP = octaethylporphinato]. Here, the [C4(CN)6].-'- units are bonded to the MnIII centers through endo CN nitrogen atoms in a similar trans-μ2 manner. Density functional theory MO calculations reveal that the spin density of the CN nitrogen atom bound to [MnIIITtBuPP]+ (0.019 μBÅ-3) is significantly lower than that of the N atom bound to [MnIIIOEP]+ (0.102 μBÅ-3). This is consistent with the reduced spin coupling observed for [MnIIITtBuPP]+[C4(CN)6].-with respect to [MnIIITtBuPP]+[C4(CN)6].-, as evidenced by the lower θ value. The different orientations of the [C4(CN)6].- units - almost perpendicular (84.72°) for [MnIIITtBuPP]+[C4(CN)6].- and substantially tilted (32.1°) for [MnIIIOEP]+ [C4(CN)6].- may also contribute to the poorer overlap and weaker spin coupling. Hence, binding between sites with large spin densities is needed to stabilize strong ferromagnetic coupling.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.19970030121
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of the oxidation of cotton with hypochlorite in the pH range 5-10 (1962)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 58 (1962), S. 991-1008 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The rate of consumption of oxygen by cotton and cottom cellulose from solutions of hypochlorite in the pH range 5-10 has been studied. Kinetic plots were obtained either by periodically titrating aliquots or by automatically recording the amount of alkali required to keep the pH constant. In the case of pure cotton cellulose the plots are linear, whereas in the case of cotton the plots consist of two parts, an initial, rapid oxidation of the impurities followed by a slower, linear oxidation of the cellulose. The dependence of the rate of oxidation on the pH may be expressed by: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ {{ - dC} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{ - dC} {dt}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {dt}} = kC^2 _{{\rm HOCl}} C^{{1 \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {1 2}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} 2}} _{{\rm ClO - }}$$\end{document} which also accounts for the dependence of the rate on the initial concentration of oxidant. A mechanism is suggested in terms of the free-radical OH and Cl2OOH.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1962.1205816661
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functional groups and degradation of cotton oxidized by hypochlorite (1962)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 58 (1962), S. 1023-1037 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Functional groups and degradation of cotton oxidized by hypochlorite at several pH values in the range 5-10 were studied. The carboxyl group content of the oxidized cottons increases, while the aldehyde and ketone group contents decrease with increase in pH. Approximately 40% of the oxidant consumed is accounted for by the functional groups at all pH values. The ratio of carboxyl, aldehyde, and ketone groups formed per scission is 1-1.5:3:3.5 at the acidic pH range and 5:0.8:0.0 at pH 10. Oxygen consumption per scission is 26 atoms, out of which 10.4 atoms are accounted for by the functional groups. The rest of the oxygen is explained by oxidation of the soluble products of the short chain material in the fiber phase and by the functional groups of the short chains with D.P. up to 37. The degradation was found to be random at the whole pH range studied, as proved by the ratio of the number-average and weight-average molecular weights and by the linearity of the plot of log [η] vs. log (Oc + Oc0) where Oc is the oxygen consumed and Oco a constant. It is suggested that the degradation and oxidation reactions occur simultaneously and, at a given pH, with similar rates, so that all carbon atoms of an anhydroglucose unit in all chains of the amorphous phase will have a similar probability of being attacked.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1962.1205816663
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the chemical syntheses and on the characteristics of polyaniline derivatives (1995)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 33 (1995), S. 1227-1234 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: polyanilines ; derivatives ; chemical synthesis ; oxidation state ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Syntheses of parent polyaniline and methyl, methoxy, and ethoxy ortho-substituted polyanilines were performed using the conventional chemical methodology and monitored using the new open-circuit-potential (Voc) profile technique. The intermediate pernigraniline oxidation state was identified and isolated at the Voc maximum (A) during the conventional chemical synthesis of poly(o-methoxyaniline) in the emeraldine oxidation state. The introduction of the substituent on the aniline ring leads to longer polymerization times and lower Voc values. Syntheses in the presence of two different monomers in solution were also investigated and showed preferential polymerization of the monomer with the lowest Voc potential. All polymers produced were characterized by elemental analysis, gel permeation chromatography, UV-VIS spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. The influence of the substituent on the Voc profile and on the polymer characteristics are rationalized in terms of steric and electronic effects. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1995.080330805
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic field induced reversed (Negative) magnetization for electrochemically deposited Tc = 260 K Oxidized Films of Chromium Cyanide MagnetsWe gratefully acknowledge support from the US National Science Foundation, Grant no. CHE-9320478, Department of Energy, Division of Materials Science, Grant no. DE-FG02-86ER45271.A000, Department of Energy, Division of Advanced Energy Projects, Grant no. DE-FG02-96ER12198, and the Office of Naval Research. (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials 9 (1997), S. 645-647 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-9648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.19970090812
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of nucleic acid-large ligand interactions: Exact Monte Carlo treatment and limitingl cases of reversible binding (1979)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 18 (1979), S. 2037-2050 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Many ligands, including basic polypeptides, histones, and other proteins bind nonspecifically to DNA in such a way as to render unavailable for further binding several contiguous sites (generally bases or base pairs). An accurate description of the kinetics of such large ligand binding requires a more complex theoretical analysis than does the study of the binding of small ligands to DNA. An exact analytical solution of the problem does not appear feasible. Instead, a Monte Carlo approach is developed which provides an essentially exact numerical solution by simulating the binding experiment using a model one-dimensional lattice to represent the DNA molecule. For the limiting cases of totally irreversible binding and of instantaneous redistribution of bound ligands along the lattice, relatively simple equations can be written and solved for the binding kinetics. These solutions and their realms of applicability are discussed in some detail.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1979.360180815
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on interaction between poly(L-lysine) and DNA of varied G + C contents (1975)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 14 (1975), S. 2401-2415 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Interaction between polylysine and DNA's of varied G + C contents was studied using thermal denaturation and circular dichroism (CD). For each complex there is one melting band at a lower temperature tm, corresponding to the helix-coil transition of free base pairs, and another band at a higher temperature t′m, corresponding to the transition of polylysine-bound base pairs. For free base pairs, with natural DNA's and poly(dA-dT) a linear relation is observed between the tm and the G + C content of the particular DNA used. This is not true with poly(dG)·poly(dC), which has a tm about 20°C lower than the extrapolated value for DNA of 100% G + C. For polylysine-bound base pairs, a linear relation is also observed between the t′m and the G + C content of natural DNA's but neither poly(dA-dT) nor poly(dG)·poly(dC) complexes follow this relationship. The dependence of melting temperature on composition, expressed as dtm/dXG·C, where XG·C is the fraction of G·C pairs, is 60°C for free base pairs and only 21°C for polylysine-bound base pairs. This reduction in compositional dependence of Tm is similar to that observed for pure DNA in high ionic strength. Although the t′m of polylysine-poly(dA-dT) is 9°C lower than the extrapolated value for 0% G + C in EDTA buffer, it is independent of ionic strength in the medium and is equal to the tm0 extrapolated from the linear plot of tm against log Na+. There is also a noticeable similarity in the CD spectra of polylysine· and polyarginine·DNA complexes, except for complexes with poly(dA-dT). The calculated CD spectrum of polylysine-bound poly(dA-dT) is substantially different from that of polyarginine-bound poly(dA-dT).
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1975.360141113
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of large-ligand binding to one-dimensional lattices: theory of irreversible binding (1979)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 18 (1979), S. 765-788 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Exact solutions are obtained for the time dependence of the extent of irreversible binding of ligands that cover more than one lattice site to a homogeneous one-dimensional lattice. The binding may be cooperative or noncooperative and the lattice either finite or infinite. Although the form of the solution is most convenient when the ligand concentration is buffered, exact numerical or approximate analytical solutions, including upper and lower bounds, can be derived for the case of variable ligand concentration as well. The physical reason behind the relative simplicity of the kinetics of irreversible as opposed to reversible binding in such systems is discussed.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1979.360180404
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