ALBERT

Description: As the preparation of an annotated check list of the marine Mollusca of Surinam (Dutch Guiana) will take some more years, it was thought appropriate to publish a preliminary report on the bivalves. This report consists of a list of 126 species with a few notes containing, i.a., the description of seven new species, and a discussion of the local distribution of the marine bivalves. Of the 126 species listed seven are described as new, viz., Nucula surinamensis, Crenella abbotti, Periploma coquettae, Tivela geijskesi, Diplodonta (Sphaerella) rehderi, Lucina (Parvilucina) clenchi, and Mactra (Micromactra) surinamensis.

Description: The synomymies and characters of Babylonia spirata (L.), B. valentiana (Sws.), B. ambulacrum (Sow.) and B. borneensis (Sow.) are discussed. A lectotype of Buccinum spiratum L. is selected so as to perpetuate Lamarck\xe2\x80\x99s interpretation of this species. By restricting Schumacher\xe2\x80\x99s name Nassa canaliculata to the first of the two references on which it has been based it is made an objective synonym of Linnaeus\xe2\x80\x99s species.

Description: As the preparation of an annotated check list of the marine Mollusca of Surinam (Dutch Guiana) will take some more years, it was thought appropriate to publish a preliminary report on the bivalves. This report consists of a list of 126 species with a few notes containing, i.a., the description of seven new species, and a discussion of the local distribution of the marine bivalves.\nOf the 126 species listed seven are described as new, viz., Nucula surinamensis, Crenella abbotti, Periploma coquettae, Tivela geijskesi, Diplodonta (Sphaerella) rehderi, Lucina (Parvilucina) clenchi, and Mactra (Micromactra) surinamensis.

Description: New records of Arion intermedius Norm. are given.\nAll known data on the genus Oopelta M\xc3\xb6rch have been compiled and supplemented by new observations, mainly on O. nigropunctata M\xc3\xb6rch and O. capensis Poll. Of the former species the type specimens were examined and the external variation and anatomy were studied. A fine series of O. capensis, with notes on the living animals by Mr. van Bruggen, enabled the author to study that species in detail. The affinities of Oopelta are discussed and it is concluded that the genus should be maintained in a subfamily of its own, Oopeltinae Cockerell, 1891, in the Arionidae. It seems unlikely that the type locality of O. nigropunctata on the Gold Coast near Accra (Ghana) is autochthonous. The distributional area of Oopelta in South Africa strongly resembles that of some other so-called palaeogenic elements in the South African fauna.\nThe samples of Milax examined appeared to belong to M. gagates (Drap.) in its restricted sense. Therefore it seems likely that earlier records of this species from South Africa were correct. M. capensis (Krauss) probably is a synonym, and the same may even hold true for M. ponsonbyi (Collinge).\nNew records are given of Limax flavus L., L. nyctelius Bourg., L. valentianus F\xc3\xa9r., Deroceras reticulatum (M\xc3\xbcll.), D. caruanae (Poll.), and D. laeve (M\xc3\xbcll.).\nThe interpretation of Limax nyctelius by Hugh Watson and others has been followed here, but attention is called to the fact that Simroth\'s different views on this Algerian species have never been definitely refuted. Agriolimax kervillei Germain is considered a synonym of L. nyctelius as interpreted by Watson et al.\nDeroceras caruanae has only recently been recorded for the first time from South Africa by Van Bruggen, but possibly Connolly\'s "Agriolimax laevis (M\xc3\xbcll.) var. grisea Taylor" is this species. "Agriolimax (Hydrolimax) laevis M\xc3\xbcller, vari\xc3\xa9t\xc3\xa9 grise" of Abeloos and Deroceras meridionale Reygrobellet (a name preoccupied by Agriolimax meridionalis Doering) are considered synonyms of D. caruanae.

Description: Five species of Vitrinellidae have been found in the Holocene shell ridges of Surinam.\nOf these, Vitrinella (Striovitrinella) cupidinensis,Cochliolepis surinamensis, and Solariorbis guianensis are new species, while Cyclostremiscus caraboboensis Weisbord is known from Pliocene beds in Venezuela and Teinostoma (Pseudorotella) schumoi Vanatta belongs to the Recent fauna of Guatemala. A paratype of Vitrinella cupidinensis spec. nov. was found on Olinda beach near Recife, Brazil, and clearly is a Recent shell. It seems possible, and even likely, that eventually all five species will appear to be still living in the same general region.

Description: CONTENTS\n\xce\x99. Scope of this work................ 3\n2. Acknowledgements................ 4\n3. History of the study of Suriname marine Mollusca....... 6\na. Recent.................. 6\nb. Holocene................. 15\n4. The Suriname coastal waters as an environment for Mollusca .... 23\na. General remarks............... 23\nb. The intertidal zone and shallow coastal waters....... 24\nc. The estuary and lower course of the Suriname River..... 26\nd. The coastal waters within the 30 fathom line....... 29\n5. The occurrence of Holocene marine Mollusca in Suriname..... 31\n6. The economic importance of Suriname marine Mollusca...... 34\n7. Origin of the material studied............. 36\na. Collections and collectors............. 36\nb. Localities................. 39\n8. The marine Mollusca of French and British Guiana....... 42\n9. References.................. 44\nI.\nSCOPE OF THIS WORK\nMore than ten years ago Dr. D. C. Geijskes, then Director of the Suriname Museum, Paramaribo, visited me and asked for my help. During the years (since 1938) Dr. Geijskes had stayed in Suriname, he had collected marine Mollusca in a great number of localities, in the Holocene so called shellridges, as well as on the coast and in the estuaries. He was sure that his collection contained a great number of species, and that their distribution over