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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of Lagrangian time correlations obtained from dispersion experiments and from space-time correlation functions (1969)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 15 (1969), S. 790-792 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: No Abstracts.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690150530
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elastic effects in a linear-gel polymer system (1965)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 9 (1965), S. 1615-1629 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The addition of gelled or crosslinked material to an essentially linear elastomer often decreases “nerve,” mill shrinkage, or die swell. In the present work, poly(ethyl acrylate) systems previously characterized in steady flow, were studied in transient flow. Die swell in capillary flow and shear creep recovery in a biconical rheometer were examined and correlated with the amount, crosslink density, and particle size of the gel phase. In general, the addition of gel reduces deformation of extrudates by reducing the amount of elastic strain energy which can be imparted to the material in a stress field. Concurrently, by increasing the viscosity more at low than at high stresses, gel addition also provides an increased resistance to deformation in the low-stress regions outside of the equipment without exacting a comparable toll in increased power requirements.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1965.070090502
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrasonic degradation of polysiloxane solutions (1967)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 11 (1967), S. 991-999 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Fractions of dimethylsiloxane polymer with viscosity-average molecular weights from 2.4 × 105 to 1.3 × 106 were dissolved in toluene in concentrations from 0.01 to 1.0 g./dl. These solutions were subjected to ultrasonic degradation at 20,000 cps for periods extending to as much as 960 min. in a water-cooled reaction vessel. Gel permeation chromatography shows that samples with different initial distributions approach the same distribution after 120 min. of degradation. Dilution of the polymer from 1.0 to 0.01 g./dl. more than triples the degradation per gram of polymer but requires 10 times as much energy per gram of polymer to degrade from a number-average molecular weight of 106 to 105. Increasing the power input from 36 to 72 w. almost doubles the degradation rate per gram of polymer.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1967.070110618
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flow properties of a linear-gel polymer systemPaper presented before the American Chemical Society Division of Rubber Chemistry, Detroit, April 20-May 1, 1964. (1965)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 9 (1965), S. 1601-1613 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Flow curves (shear stress versus shear rate) were obtained for poly-(ethyl acrylate) containing up to 40% of gel particles over a range of shear rates from 3 × 10-3 to 7 × 103 sec.-1 with a specially designed biconical rheometer and a standard Instron capillary viscometer. Crosslink density of the gels was varied by emulsion-polymerizing ethyl acrylate with 3, 10, and 30% triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate. Particle sizes were varied by adjusting the concentration of emulsifying agent and by seeding techniques. Samples for study were prepared by blending and co-precipitating the linear and gel latices. The addition of gel always increases the shear stress at a given shear rate. However, this effect is greatest at the lowest shear rates. The flow properties of the gelcontaining materials are related quantitatively to those of the linear material through a new parameter, the rate of viscous energy dissipation, and by two material constants. These are a yield stress and a pseudo zero-shear viscosity, both of these being functions of the amount, crosslink density, and particle size of the gel phase.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1965.070090501
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aqueous solutions of polyvinylpyrrolidone (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 116 (1968), S. 96-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Das Verhalten von Polyvinylpyrrolidon in Wasser und in Salzlösungen wurde durch Messungen der Wärmekapazitäten, der spezifischen Volumina und der reduzierten Viskositäten untersucht. Die Lösungswärmen von PVP in Wasser liegen bei ungefähr -4 kcal/mol Monomereneinheit, während sie im Falle der Salzlösungen niedriger sind. Die Resultate werden im Lichte des Mechanismus für den Stabilisierungseffekt. den hydrophile Kolloide auf hydrophobe ausüben, diskutiert. Es wurde kein Hinwels für die Existenz von „strukturiertem Wasser“ in der Nähe der Polymeren gefunden; somit scheint es nicht möglich zu sein, die Stabilisierung des Kolloids durch Hydrathüllen von „eisähnlichem Wasser“ zu erklären. Es wird ein Stabilisierungsmechanismus vorgeschlagen, der auf einer Erhöhung der Mischungswärmen des Kolloids in Wasser beruht.
    Notes: The properties of polyvinylpyrrolidone, in water and salt solutions, are examined by measuring the heat capacities, specific volumes and reduced viscosities. The heats of solution in water are of the order of -4 kcal per mole of monomer unit, they are decreased in the presence of salts. The results are discussed in terms of the mechanism of the stabilizing effect of hydrophylic colloids on hydrophobic ones. No evidence is found in terms of the existence of more “structural water” in the vicinities of the polymer molecules; this is taken to imply that stabilization is not effected through hydration multilayers of “ice-like water”. A mechanism of stabilization based on the signs and magnitudes of the heats of solution of colloids in water is proposed.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1968.021160109
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glass-Catalyzed hydrolysis of silane coupling agentsPresented at the 65th National Meeting of Amer. Inst. of Chem. Eng., Cleveland, Ohio, May 1969. (1969)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 9 (1969), S. 428-433 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Silane coupling agents containing organo-functional and alkoxy groups are applied to glass fiber reinforcements from an acid solution commercially. It is found that finely divided soda glass suspended in a methanol-water solution of various silanes promotes hydrolysis without the presence of an acid catalyst. When acid is present in addition to the glass, as in commercial application baths, rate of hydrolysis is lower than with either acid or glass alone. There is evidence that basic glass components catalyze hydrolysis. Further work under commercial application conditions is indicated.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760090609
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crosslinking poly(ethylene oxide) in dilute solutions by gamma rays (1968)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 12 (1968), S. 2097-2104 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A high molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide) is gelled by radiation from a 60Co source. At concentrations of 0.25 to 1 wt-%, doses of 4.5 to 7.5 × 104 rad cause gelation. The storage modulus of the gel formed increases linearly with additional dose to a plateau value and then remains constant during further irradiation. The does needed to reach the plateau, Dp in rads, and the plateau modulus Gp in dynes per square centimeter, are related to the concentration c, in weight per cent: Dp = 1.05 × 106c and Gp = 1.75 × 104c2.5. The energy absorbed by the polymer per crosslink formed is about 80 ± 10 kcal/mol. The crosslink density produced by radiation is calculated from the measured modulus by using the theory of rubber elasticity. Both modulus and loss are measured in a special air-bearing, recording torsion pendulum with a coneplate geometry.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1968.070120912
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A recording, air-bearing torsion pendulum (1968)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 12 (1968), S. 2415-2420 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A recording torsion pendulum has been designed which allows the measurement of storage modulus and loss modulus for weak gels. The gel is held in a cone-plate geometry. The 5° cone, along with the inertial elements of the pendulum, is supported by an air-lubricated bearing. The decay of oscillations is sensed by a Proximeter which does not touch the moving apparatus and which converts the amplitude of oscillation into a de signal of several volts. Storage moduli as low as 40 dyn/cm2 and log decrements as low as 0.0054 have been measured.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1968.070121104
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on Ziegler-Natta catalysts. Part II. Reactions between α- or β-TiCl3 and AlMe3, AlMe2Cl, or AlEt3 at various temperatures (1966)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 4 (1966), S. 1917-1926 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The following reactions, carried out in the absence of solvents, has been studied: α-TiCl3 + Al(CH3)3 at 20°C., β-TiCl3 + Al(CH3)3 at 65°C., α-TiCl3 + Al(CH3)2Cl at 20 and 65°C., and α-TiCl3 + Al(C2H5)3 between 30 and 65°C. It appears that a general reaction mechanism, such as discussed in the preceding paper of this series, applies to all these reactions between TiCl3 and aluminum alkyls. The differences in overall stoichiometry between some of these systems may be linked to differences in stability of the intermediate Ti—C bonds. In the case of α-TiCl3 + Al(CH3)2Cl, alkylation is probably accompanied by fixation of the AlCH3Cl2 on the nonvolatile product.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1966.150040802
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on Ziegler-Natta catalysts. Part I. Reaction between trimethylaluminum and α-titanium trichloride (1966)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 4 (1966), S. 1905-1916 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reaction between α-TiCl3 and AlMe3 at 65°C. in the absence of solvent was studied by a method which gives information about the early stages of the reaction. The results obtained give evidence for a sequence of consecutive reactions and show that the first of these is a fast partial alkylation of the α-TiCl3 surface. The mechanism of formation of methane in the last step of the reaction is discussed in detail.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1966.150040801
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