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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intake, digestion, absorption and conversion of food in the fishes Megalops cyprinoides and Ophiocephalus striatus (1967)
    Springer
    Marine biology 1 (1967), S. 16-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Different criteria for the assessment of conversion efficiencies of fishes are briefly reviewed, and some important terms defined. In the eurysaline fishes Megalops cyprinoides and Ophiocephalus striatus, transformation of food has been studied as a function of body weight, using both protein and energy transfer criteria. The duration of the 28 experiments conducted varied from 15 to 30 days. Rates of food intake, digestion, absorption and conversion decrease with increasing body weight. Absorption efficiencies are about 97% for the protein fraction, and 91% for the total food consumed; they do not vary appreciably among the individuals of different body weights. Conversion efficiencies of the protein fraction and the total food consumed decrease from about 40% in 2 g individuals to about 15% in 150 g ones. In general, the relations show curvilinear trends, but in weight groups between 10 and 150 g, straight lines are obtained. The slopes of these lines differ in the two species tested. Such differences are related to the physiological state of the fishes and their growth potential. The inverse relation between body weight on the one hand, and food intake, absorption and conversion on the other, are attributed to aging. It is suggested that age affects these intermediate steps via the enzyme-complex of the digestive system. The b values obtained for the relation between body weight on the one hand, and metabolism, food intake and absorption on the other, do not correspond to the surface or weight proportion rule, but to an intermediary type of neither surface nor weight proportionality. As the values obtained are similar, it is concluded that there exists a direct and proportionate relation between metabolism, food intake and absorption. The respective values for the relation between body weight and conversion rate are low indicating that there is a direct, but nonproportionate relation between growth and metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00346690
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformation of food in the fish Megalops cyprinoides (1967)
    Springer
    Marine biology 1 (1967), S. 60-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Comparative studies on feeding, digestion, absorption and conversion have been made in the fish Megalops cyprinoides fed with mosquito fish, Gambusia affinis, and prawn, Metapenaeus monoceros, (Pandian, 1967). Feeding as well as digestion rates are faster in individuals fed with Gambusia than in those fed with prawn. The extent of the differences in food intake is more pronounced in smaller individuals than in larger ones. The prawn exoskeleton prolongs the duration of digestion and thus further reduces rate and amount of food intake. Changes in food quality do not affect absorption efficiency. Both, rate and efficiency of food conversion, are higher in M. cyprinoides fed with Gambusia than with prawn.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00346696
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformation of food in the fish Megalops cyprinoides (1967)
    Springer
    Marine biology 1 (1967), S. 107-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A Megalops cyprinoides of 60 g wet weight is able to consume daily a maximum amount of food (the prawn, Metapenaeus monoceros) equivalent to 5% of its own body weight. This amount of food is absorbed at the same efficiency as by an individual consuming daily the equivalent of 2% of its body weight. Hence the quantity of total food absorbed and converted per day must increase as a function of feeding rate. However, the increase in conversion efficiency showed a diminishing trend at a feeding level of 4% body weight per day.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00386513
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Yolk utilization in the gastropod Crepidula fornicata (1969)
    Springer
    Marine biology 3 (1969), S. 117-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The increases in constituents per unit weight of eggs during embryonic development of the gastropod Crepidula fornicata amounted to 14.6% for ash, 1.0% for protein, and 0.3% for non-protein nitrogen. During the same stages, fat content decreased from 33.7 to 20.3%, carbohydrate from 10.2 to 7.7% and energy content from 6209 to 5298 cal/g dry organic substance. The cumulative efficiencies for yolk utilization were 83.8% for dry weight, 61.0% for energy, 85.1% for protein, 50.7% for fat, and 63.6% for carbohydrate. A single egg contained 0.0269 cal, a single veliger 0.0164 cal. Of the 0.0105 cal expended on metabolic processes of the embryo, oxidation of fat contributed as much as 65.3%, while that of protein and carbohydrate amounted only to 18.8 and 6.3%, respectively. On the basis of ecophysiological considerations, a new classification of eggs is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00353430
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thin alloy zone crystallisation (1967)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 2 (1967), S. 46-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The basic principles of a family of crystal-growing techniques in which crystallisation of a substance is achieved via diffusion through a thin alloy zone (TAZ) from a third phase (solid, liquid, or vapour) are described. Crystallisation is achieved by the application of a gradient of a thermodynamic potential across the zone and various methods of establishing such a gradient are considered. A theory predicting the velocity of a TAZ along a solid charge, published previously (D. T. J. Hurle, J. B. Mullin, and E. R. Pike, Phil. Mag. 9 (1964) 423), is extended to include the case where one of the solid phases is metastable. Expressions for the gradient of constitutional supercooling in the zone are derived for conventional and thin alloy zone crystallisation (TAZC) processes. It is shown that the important advantage in the use of a TAZ is the dramatic reduction in the supercooling at a given velocity compared to conventional processes. A rationalisation of various published techniques of crystal growth within the concepts of TAZC is presented and some existing and potential applications of TAZC processes are reviewed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00550052
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A survey of British rheological research (1968)
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 7 (1968), S. 392-395 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Summary This paper summarises a report, published by the National Engineering Laboratory, of a survey of rheological research in Britain during 1966. The report gives details of 783 research projects being carried out in 411 establishments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01984857
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The polarization of the neutrons from the reaction15N(d,n 0)16O atE d=4.35 and 5.50 MeV (1967)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 206 (1967), S. 404-405 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract In the reaction15N(d, n 0)16O the angular dependence of the neutron polarization and of the differential cross section was measured at average deuteron energies of 4.35 and 5.50 MeV. Parallel features are observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01326499
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Association of allergic bronchial asthma with certain air pollutants and weather parameters (1967)
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 11 (1967), S. 119-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bronchialasthma bei Studenten der Universität Minnesota wurde bezüglich der Empfindlichkeit gegen Getreidesamen mit Kontrollgruppen untersucht, um den Einfluss der in der Luft befindlichen Pollen durch nahe gelegene Getreidefelder zu finden. Unter verhältnismässig hohen Konzentrationen wurde beobachtet,dass gegen Getreidesamen empfindliche Studenten doppelt so viele Asthmaanfälle hatten, wie die Kontrollgruppe, die keine signifikante Änderung zeigte. Eine Verbindung von Windrichtung und relativ hohen Staubkonzentrationen mit Asthmaanfällen ergab eine Korrelation von höherer Signifikanz in der sensiblen Gruppe. Weitere Zuordnungen zeigten, dass diese Beziehung nur wenig durch Änderungen von Jahreszeit und Temperatur beeinflusst wird. Es wurde auch beobachtet, dass die Relative Feuchte die Empfindlichkeit gegen Pollen bei entsprechend sensibilisierten Studenten beeinflussen kann. In der Kontrollgruppe zeigten Wetterparameter keine Beziehung zum Asthma.
    Abstract: Resume On a étudié les accès d'asthme bronchial provoqués par les polluants de l'atmosphère provenant d'entreprises travaillant les céréales et situées dans le voisinage du l'Université du Minnesota. Pour ce faire,on s'est servi d'étudiants de la dite Université sensibles aux poussières de céréales d'une part et d'un groupe de contrôle d'autre part. Dans des conditions de poussière relativement forte,on a observé que les étudiants sensibles aux poussières de céréales présentaient une fréquence double d'accès d'asthme alors que le groupe de contrôle n'était pas touché de façon significative. En utilisant une conbinaison des facteurs direction du vent et forte poussière d'une part, accès d'asthme d'autre part,on obtient une corrélation plus significative dans le groupe des gens sensibles.Des combinaisons multiples indiquent que cette corrélation n'est que peu influencée par la saison ou des changements de température. On a aussi remarqué que les conditions d'humidité relative peuvent influencer de façon significative la sensibilité effective aux poussières des étudiants du premier groupe. Quant au groupe de contrôle, on n'a pas trouvé de relation entre les accès d'asthme et les paramètres météorologiques.
    Notes: Abstract Student bronchial asthma at the University of Minnesota was studied in grain sensitive and in control groups to find the influence of air pollutants from nearby grain installations on this problem.Under relatively high dust conditions it was observed that grain sensitive students had a two-fold increase in asthma attacks while the controls showed no significant changes. A combined association of wind direction and relatively high dust conditions with asthma gave a correlation of higher significance in the grain sensitive group. Multiple associations indicated that this relationship is only weakly affected by seasonal and temperature changes. It was also observed that relative humidity conditions may significantly influence the effectiveness of the dust exposure in sensitive students. Weather parameters showed no association with asthma in the control group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01424280
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The ability of human mothers to identify the hunger cry signals of their own new-born infants during the lying-in period (1967)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 23 (1967), S. 768-769 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wurden die Fähigkeiten der Mütter geprüft, das Hungerschreisignal ihrer eigenen Neugeborenen während des Wochenbettes zu identifizieren. Man hat festgestellt, dass es für etwa 1/3 der getesteten Mütter möglich ist, vorher auf Band aufgenommene Stimmen der eigenen Kinder schon in diesem frühen Alter wiederzuerkennen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02154167
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An electronic animal activity recorder (1966)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 22 (1966), S. 127-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Résumé On décrit une méthode pour discerner et enregistrer l'activité générale des animaux de petite taille, logés dans des cages en matière plastique, en employant un transmetteur et des antennes accordées. Le système utilise les caractéristiques du champ magnétique autour d'une source de courant électrique et la capacité de résistance des objets contigus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01900196
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