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  • 1
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    Generation of seismic waves by explosions in prestressed media (1971)
    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Warszawa, EGS, vol. 61, no. 10, pp. 1589-1623, pp. B05S16, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1971
    Keywords: Seismology ; Source ; Nuclear explosion ; Stress ; Toksoz ; BSSA
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 2
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    Shock-induced transition of quartz to stishovite. (1973)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The transformation of quartz to stishovite has been studied by X-ray and optical examination of a series of experimentally shock-loaded specimens of a quartz-copper mixture. Shock pressures of 68 to 260 kb and peak temperatures of 320 to 870 K were achieved. Stishovite was identified from quartz shock-loaded above 90 kb; the quantity increases with increasing pressure, but is not dependent on temperature. The formation of stishovite under shock conditions appears to be intimately related to a short-range order phase.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 78; Sept. 10
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    A shock-induced phase change in orthoclase. (1973)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: New shock compression data to 340 kb for single-crystal orthoclase (along (001)), demonstrate the onset of a shock-induced phase change at about 115 kb. Along the Hugoniot a mixed-phase region extends to about 300 kb, above which the data are believed to correspond to the properties of a high-pressure phase having the hollandite structure (zero pressure density of 3.84 g/cu cm) reported by Ringwood et al. If the hollandite value for the zero pressure density is used, the zero pressure bulk modulus of this phase is approximately 1.8 plus or minus 0.2 Mb.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 78; Mar. 10
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Application of the fourth-order anharmonic theory to the prediction of equations of state at high compressions and temperatures. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Keywords: PHYSICS, GENERAL
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Shock melting and vaporization of lunar rocks and minerals. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The entropy associated with the thermodynamic states produced by hypervelocity meteoroid impacts at various velocities are calculated for a series of lunar rocks and minerals and compared with the entropy values required for melting and vaporization. Taking into account shock-induced phase changes in the silicates, we calculate that iron meteorites impacting at speeds varying from 4 to 6 km/sec will produce shock melting in quartz, plagioclase, olivine, and pyroxene. Although calculated with less certainty, impact speeds required for incipient vaporization vary from 7 to 11 km/sec for the range of minerals going from quartz to periclase for aluminum (silicate-like) projectiles. The impact velocities, which are required to induce melting in a soil, are calculated to be in the range of 3 to 4 km/sec, provided thermal equilibrium is achieved in the shock state.
    Keywords: SPACE SCIENCES
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    Shock melting and vaporization of metals. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The effect of initial porosity on shock induction of melting and vaporization is investigated for Ba, Sr, Li, Fe, Al, U, and Th. For the less compressible of these metals, it is found that for a given strong shock-generation system (explosive in contact, or flyer-plate impact) an optimum initial specific volume exists such that the total entropy production, and hence the amount of metal liquid or vapor, is a maximum. Initial volumes from 1.4 to 2.0 times crystal volumes, depending on the metal sample and shock-inducing system, will result in optimum post-shock entropies.
    Keywords: MATERIALS, METALLIC
    Type: Journal of Applied Physics; 43; May 1972
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  • 7
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    A shock-induced phase change in iron-silicate garnet. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Hugoniot measurements on iron-silicate garnet demonstrate that above a shock pressure of about 205 kbar transition to a high-pressure phase(s), having an apparent zero-pressure density and bulk modulus of 4.44 g/cu cm and 3.3 Mbar, occurs. Crystal chemical systematics and Debye-Scherrer X-ray patterns of a recovered phase(s), which may be the shock-induced high-pressure form, suggest possible formation of a phase with a density of 4.48/cu cm. Occurrence of such a polymorph of garnet in the mantle would give rise to an increase in density and seismic velocity below 600 km in the earth.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Earth and Planetary Science Letters; 14; Feb. 197
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Explosive seismic sources for the moon (1970)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Vacuum effect on explosive coupling seismic energy considered in lunar geophysical experiment
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: ; SEARCH(
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    Explosive gas blast - The expansion of detonation products in vacuum (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Detonation products expansion in vacuum, measuring gas flow speeds and pressure profiles far from charge
    Keywords: THERMODYNAMICS AND COMBUSTION
    Type: ; YAL SOCIETY (
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    Shock compression and adiabatic release of lunar fines from Apollo 17 (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: An experimental investigation was conducted with the objective to obtain quantitative bounds, in terms of shock pressure and hence meteoroid impact velocity, concerning the conditions required to compact and lithify lunar fines. The measured pressure-particle velocity release states provide a basis for the determination of the approximate values of shock pressure associated with various postshock volumes and temperatures concomitant with solid-state vitrification and thermal melting. The implications of the obtained results for the study of regolith evolution are discussed.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar Science Conference; Mar 18, 1974 - Mar 22, 1974; Houston, TX
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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