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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 26 (1970), S. 447-455 
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Two programs have been developed to calculate the one-phonon thermal diffuse scattering included in measured integrated intensities of Bragg reflections for cubic crystals. Both include the anisotropy of the diffuse scattering correctly within the continuum elasticity approximation, and both allow an approximate inclusion of the effects of the wavelength distribution of the primary beam. One program, restricted to ω-scans, includes primary beam divergences approximately using three experimental reflection profiles to describe the weighting function in reciprocal space. The second program, applicable to both ω-scans and θ: 2θ-scans, neglects the primary beam divergences but has the advantage of being approximately two orders of magnitude faster than the first. Calculations have been made with these programs for several cases to illustrate the dependence of the included thermal diffuse scattering correction on various factors and to compare with the values obtained from previous approaches.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 28 (1972), S. 572-580 
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The one-phonon thermal diffuse scattering in powder patterns of monatomic cubic materials has been investigated using a model that gives the correct frequencies and polarization vectors of the long-wavelength phonons for materials of arbitrary elastic anisotropy. Computer calculations have been made of the intensity distribution of this scattering and of the correction for its inclusion in measured integrated intensities of powder pattern reflections. Elastic anisotropy is found to produce marked differences, despite the powder pattern averaging; and, contrary to the Chipman–Paskin approximation, the integrated intensity correction is found generally not to vary smoothly with (h2 + k2 + l2) or linearly with scan length even for isotropic materials, as Suortti also noted. A much simpler method for calculating the integrated intensity correction has also been developed, based on a modified Warren model, that gives reasonably accurate values under most conditions even for very anisotropic materials and is several orders of magnitude faster than the primary method.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 23 (1974), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 250 (1974), S. 410-411 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] We used strips of metal about 10 cm long, 1 cm wide and 0.1 cm thick. The majority of these were annealed for 2 h at a temperature of about 60% of the melting point (in degrees absolute) and the hardness (HV) was measured with a microhardness tester using a load of 25, 50 or 100 g. The same load ...
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 2 (1974), S. 97-116 
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The metabolism of HCE has been studied bothin vitro andin vivo in the rat, rabbit, pigeon and Japanese quail. The rook, jackdaw, fulmar and domestic fowl were only investigatedin vitro. HCE was readily degraded to a hydroxy epoxide (HHC) by microsomal oxidation in all species, but there were marked interspecific differences in hepatic microsomal hydrase activity towards this compound, the rabbit showing the strongest activity, the pigeon showing no activity at all. There were some interspecific differences in minor oxidative metabolites. After intraperitoneal injection of C14 HCE, 50 percent of the dose was cleared from the body within the stated times for the following species: — rabbit (two days) quail (four days) and pigeon (eight days). Excreted C14 appeared mainly in the feces with the rat, but almost entirely in the urine with the rabbit. The principal metabolitesin vitro were also foundin vivo with one possible exception, and the liver preparations showed some promise for predicting the main primary metabolites in living animals. The metabolism of HCE is compared with the metabolism of dieldrin.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 13 (1970), S. 260-274 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Chez la mouche domestique, la dieldrine est un inducteur efficace de la naphtalène-hydroxylase et de l'heptachlore-epoxydase, augmentant jusqu'à cinq fois l'activité de ces enzymes. L'activation de ces enzymes de détoxification est démontrée aussi in vivo, par une baisse de la sensibilité au carbaryl des insectes traités à la Dieldrine. L'effet inducteur est supprimé par un inhibiteur de la synthèse des protéines, la cyclo-heximide. De même l'incorporation des acides aminés dans les protéines est diminuée chez les mouches traitées à la Dieldrine. Dans des conditions expérimentales équivalentes, le D.D.T. est un inducteur moins efficace. Trois souches de mouches domestiques, toutes les trois résistantes à la Dieldrine, mais dont les oxydases possèdent des niveaux d'activité différents, ont été comparées pour les facteurs suivants: dose de Dieldrine, taux d'apparition de l'effet inducteur, âge, et effet d'un second traitement à la Dieldrine. L'induction se vérifia, dans toutes les souches, à la fois chez les mâles et les femelles, par une augmentation du taux d'époxydation de l'heptachlore. Cependant, la souche possédant à l'origine la plus faible activité oxydasique, la souche «dieldrin-curly wing», a une réponse inférieure à la souche «Isolan» dont les oxydases possèdent la plus forte activité originelle. En comparant les 3 souches pour leur production d'époxyde d'heptachlore, l'induction chez les souches «Isolan» et «Orlando» est respectivement environ 3 et 2 fois celle trouvée dans la souche «dieldrin-curly wing». Il est suggéré que cette différence de réponse à l'agent inducteur, représente des différences dans le nombre des gènes de structure responsables de la synthèse des oxydases dans les 3 souches. Les résultats sont discutés en termes de déterminisme génétique.
    Notes: Abstract Dieldrin is a potent inducer of microsomal naphthalene hydroxylase and heptachlor epoxidase in the housefly, causing up to five-fold increases in the activities of these enzymes. The activation of these detoxifying enzymes is also demonstrated in vivo by a reduction in the susceptibility of the dieldrin-treated insects to carbaryl. The inductive effect is prevented in insects treated with the drug cycloheximide, an inhibitor of protein synthesis. Dieldrin-treated flies also incorporate more amino acid into protein. Under similar experimental conditions, DDT is a less effective inducer. Three housefly strains, all resistant to dieldrin but with differing levels of microsomal oxidase activity, were compared in terms of dieldrin dose, rate of appearance of the inductive effect, response on aging, and response to a second treatment with dieldrin. All of the strains, both male and female, were induced, as indicated by increased epoxidation of heptachlor. However, the strain with the lowest pretreatment microsomal oxidase activity, dieldrin-curly wing, responded least while the strain with the highest basal microsomal oxidase activity, Isolan, responded most to the dieldrin treatment. Comparing the three strains on the basis of maximum increases in heptachlor epoxide production, induction in the Isolan and Orlando strains was approximately three and two times, respectively, that found in the dieldrin-curly wing strain. It is suggested that this difference in response to the inducing agent represents differences in the number of structural genes for oxidase synthesis in the three strains. The results are discussed in terms of genetic control.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 15 (1971), S. 2237-2243 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Polymers from tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride (THPC) or tris(hydroxymethyl)phosphine (THP) with ammonia show similar thermal degradation, but appear to be of different chemical structure. Solution reaction of THPC with urea or melamine or by solid-phase reaction with urea gives products ranging from water-soluble liquids to hard, brittle, insoluble polymers. Reaction of THPC with piperazine yields products of low thermal stability.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 8 (1970), S. 3461-3481 
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The rotating-sector technique was applied directly in a study of two copolymerization systems: styrene-methyl methacrylate and styrene-methyl acrylate. The two coupled rate expressions which describe the change in radical concentrations for two-component polymerizations degenerate into a single expression identical in form to the radical expression for a homopolymerization when the ratio of the radical concentrations under intermittent illumination is assumed constant and equal to the ratio under steady illumination. Numerical solutions of the complete rate expression by use of constants from the literature confirm that this assumption is valid for a rotating-sector experiment. The overall lifetimes of these two-component systems were defined and measured experimentally as a function of monomer composition and then compared with lifetimes calculated by using literature rate constants. The agreement was satisfactory. The direct application of the technique to the two-component system provides an independent experiment which for some systems seems to be more sensitive to the value of the cross-termination constant than the usual steady-state method.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1971-02-01
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
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