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  • Other Sources  (9)
  • 1970-1974  (9)
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  • 1
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    An event-recording system for monitoring small earthquakes (1974)
    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Luxembourg, EGS-Gauthier-Villars, vol. 64, no. 3-4, pp. 1181-1188, pp. 2214
    Details
    Publication Date: 1974
    Keywords: Detectors ; BSSA
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 2
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    Thermal history and evolution of the moon. (1973)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: In this work, theoretical lunar temperature models are computed taking into account different initial conditions to represent possible accretion models and various abundances of heat sources to correspond to different compositions. Differentiation and convection are simulated in the numerical computational scheme. Models of the thermal evolution of the moon that fit the chronology of igneous activity on the lunar surface, the stress history of the lunar lithosphere implied by the presence of mascons, and the surface concentrations of radioactive elements, involve extensive differentiation early in lunar history. This differentiation may be the result of rapid accretion and large-scale melting or of primary chemical layering during accretion. Differences in present-day temperatures for these two possibilities are significant only in the inner 1000 km of the moon and are not resolvable with presently available data.
    Keywords: SPACE SCIENCES
    Type: The Moon; 7; May-June
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Thermal evolution of the moon. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The thermal history and current state of the lunar interior are investigated using constraints imposed by recent geological and physical data. Theoretical temperature models are computed taking into account different initial conditions, heat sources, differentiation and simulated convection. To account for the early formation of the lunar highlands, the time duration of magmatism and present-day temperatures estimated from lunar electrical conductivity profiles, it is necessary to restrict initial temperatures and abundances of radioactive elements. Successful models require that the outer half of the moon initially heated to melting temperatures, probably due to rapid accretion. Differentiation of radioactive heat sources toward the lunar surface occurred during the first 1.6 billion years. Temperatures in the outer 500 km are currently low, while the deep interior (radius less than 700 to 1000 km) is warmer than 1000 C, and is of primordial material.
    Keywords: SPACE SCIENCES
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Structure of the moon (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Seismic data fron the four stations of the Apollo passive seismic network have been analyzed to obtain the velocity structure of the moon. Analysis of body wave phases from artificial impacts of known impact time and position yields a crustal section. In the Mare Cognitum region the crust is about 60 km thick and is layered. In the 20-km-thick upper layer, velocity gradients are high and microcracks may play an important role. The 40-km-thick lower layer has a nearly constant 6.8-km/sec velocity. There may be a thin high-velocity layer present beneath the crust. The determination of seismic velocities in the lunar mantle is attempted by using natural impacts and deep moonquakes. The simplest model that can be proposed for the mantle consists of a 'lithosphere' overlying an 'asthenosphere'.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Reviews of Geophysics and Space Physics; 12; Nov. 197
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Mercury - Internal structure and thermal evolution (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Mercury's thermal evolution and internal structure are modeled based on the planet's gross physical properties (which imply a high metallic iron content) and predictions for its chemistry made from the Lewis-Cameron model of condensation of the primitive solar nebula (which implies that Mercury may be composed only of those materials that condensed at temperatures near that of metallic iron condensation in the cooling nebula). Various heat sources, initial temperatures, and thermal conductivities are considered for a homogeneous model and a differentiated two-layer model. Density distributions are calculated from the mean density and estimates of the present-day temperature. The moment of inertia and the hydrostatic value of the second degree harmonic coefficient of Mercury's gravity field are found for the differentiated and undifferentiated models. These results should be useful for preliminary interpretation of the Mariner 10 measurements of Mercury's gravitational field.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Icarus; 23; Oct. 197
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    Density within the moon and implications for lunar composition (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A number of simple density models for the moon are discussed. The considered models are consistent with the lunar mass and moment of inertia, the latest information on the seismic velocity of the lunar crust and mantle, and assorted estimates of temperature in the lunar interior. New material presented includes the implications for density models of recent seismic evidence for a thin, high velocity layer beneath the lunar crust and for a zone of partial melting below 1000 km depth. The consequences of a dense, iron-rich central core are also explored.
    Keywords: SPACE SCIENCES
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    Constraints on lunar structure (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A brief review is given of the constraints placed on lunar structure and composition by seismic data and density models. Bounds on the crustal velocity structure in Mare Cognitum are derived using travel-time data from artificial impacts, and a velocity model is determined on the basis of synthetic seismograms. It is shown that the velocities of P- and S-waves in the mantle can be fixed by a least-squares analysis of arrival times from meteor impacts and moonquakes, and that lunar density can be determined from the seismic structure, mean density, and moment of inertia. Olivine-pyroxene mixtures and certain olivine-rich compositions are found to be consistent with the seismic-velocity and density limits. Maximum radii are calculated for pure Fe and pure FeS cores, and it is concluded that the possibility of an ancient lunar magnetic dynamo may have to be reevaluated in the light of these figures.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar Science Conference; Mar 18, 1974 - Mar 22, 1974; Houston, TX
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Internal constitution and evolution of the moon. (1973)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The composition, structure and evolution of the moon's interior are narrowly constrained by a large assortment of physical and chemical data. Models of the thermal evolution of the moon that fit the chronology of igneous activity on the lunar surface, the stress history of the lunar lithosphere implied by the presence of mascons, and the surface concentrations of radioactive elements, involve extensive differentiation early in lunar history. This differentiation may be the result of rapid accretion and large-scale melting or of primary chemical layering during accretion; differences in present-day temperatures for these two possibilities are significant only in the inner 1000 km of the moon and may not be resolvable.
    Keywords: SPACE SCIENCES
    Type: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors; 7; Apr. 197
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    Velocity structure and evolution of the moon (1973)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Seismic data from the Apollo Passive Seismic Network stations are analyzed to determine the velocity structure and to infer the composition and physical properties of the lunar interior. Data from artificial impacts (SIBV booster and LM-ascent stage) cover a distance range of 9 to 1750 km. Travel times and amplitudes, as well as theoretical seismograms, are used to derive a velocity model for the outer 150 km of the moon. The P-wave velocity model confirms an earlier report of a lunar crust in the eastern part of Oceanus Procellarum. The crust is about 60 km thick and may consist of two layers in the mare regions. Possible values for the P-wave velocity in the uppermost mantle are between 7.6 and 9.0 km/sec. The 9 km/sec velocity represents either a localized heterogeneous unit, or a thin layer less than about 40 km in thickness. The elastic properties of the deep interior, as inferred from the seismograms of natural events (meteoroid impacts and moonquakes) occurring at great distances, indicate that there is an increase in attenuation and a possible decrease of velocity at depths below about 1000 km.
    Keywords: SPACE SCIENCES
    Type: Lunar Science Conference; Mar 05, 1973 - Mar 08, 1973; Houston, TX
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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