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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (22)
  • Chemistry  (16)
  • 1975-1979  (17)
  • 1970-1974  (12)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 18 (1978), S. 260-263 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: We consider the connection between viscous effects experienced by polytetrafluoroethylene paste during extrusion, and the final strength of the extrudate. It is shown that by reducing the viscous contribution to the pressure drop across the extruder die, we not only save on extrusion pressure, but also increase the strength of the extrudate. The shape of die that gives the minimum pressure drop is derived.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 18 (1972), S. 614-623 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Many industrial processes are difficult to control because product quality cannot be measured economically on line. One solution to this problem is to use secondary measurements in conjunction with a mathematical model of the process to estimate product quality. This paper presents a method for designing a static estimator which predicts product quality from a linear combination of process input and output measurements. The design method includes procedures for selecting a subset of the availble output measurements so as to obtain an estimator which is relatively insensitive to modeling errors and measurement noise. Application of the estimator to a simulated multicomponent distillation column shows that the composition control achieved with an estimator based on temperature, reflux, and steam flow measurements is comparable to that achieved with instantaneous composition measurements. The composition control using the estimator is far superior to the composition control achieved by attempting to maintain a constant temperature on any single stage of the column.
    Zusätzliches Material: 13 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 24 (1978), S. 492-500 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The static estimator of part I is incorporated into a dynamic control system. The system structure minimizes output feedback and thereby achieves stability even in the event of significant modeling errors. This inherent stability permits the use of simple and economical lead-lag compensation for the estimator and controller portions of the system. The overall system response to disturbances is similar to that of feed-forward control systems.The proposed control system structure is used to infer and control the overhead and bottoms product compositions of a simulated multicomponent distillation. Product compositions are inferred from selected stage temperature and process flow measurements. Inferential control system response to various disturbances is comparable or superior to that of a tuned composition feedback control system for both single product control and for simultaneus overhead and bottoms product control.
    Zusätzliches Material: 11 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 24 (1978), S. 485-492 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Methods are presented for the design of a static estimator which infers unmeasurable product qualities from secondary measurements. The secondary measurements are selected so as to minimize the number of such measurements required to obtain an accurate estimate which is insensitive to modeling errors. Unlike previous work, the number of secondary measurements can be fewer than the number of unmeasured disturbances. If the statistics of the disturbances and/or measurement noise are available, this information can be incorporated into the design procedure to obtain an optimal static estimator.The design procedure is illustrated by application to a simulated industrial debutanizer. Data for the simulation were supplied by the Marathon Oil Company. Deviations in bottoms product quality are compared for the current control policy (maintenance of a stage temperature at its set point) and the inferential control system with the column subjected to representative feed composition disturbances. Results show that inferential control based on four, five, or six tray temperature measurements improves the steady state control performance by as much as 400%.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 18 (1972), S. 734-738 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Bass' feedback controller design technique is extended to distributed parameter systems and its use is illustrated for a parabolic system with boundary control.The development of the design technique rests on a conjecture concerning the necessary and sufficient conditions for the asymptotic stability of linear time invariant partial differential equations. It is shown through a study of the discretized analog of a distributed system that the most likely candidate for a Lyapunov functional general enough to yield the necessary and sufficient conditions for asymptotic stability is a double integral with a symmetric kernel.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 24 (1978), S. 500-509 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Methods are presented for the construction of optimal and suboptimal estimators for inferential control systems. Optimal estimators are constructed with the aid of Kalman filtering techniques applied to linear systems driven by integrated white noise disturbances. The description of the disturbances as integrated white noise leads to optimal dynamic estimators which reduce to optimal static estimators for sustained disturbances. Suboptimal estimators are constructed by prespecifying the structure of the estimator and choosing estimator parameters so as to minimize the mean square error in estimation.Optimal and suboptimal estimators are compared by using them in an inferential control system which attempts to control the product composition of a simulated multicomponent distillation column. There is little difference in performance between optimal and suboptimal estimators which use temperature and flow measurements to estimate product composition. However, the inferential control system using a simple suboptimal estimator is significantly superior to the policy of maintaining a selected tray temperature constant through a standard feedback control system. The inferential control system is also superior to composition feedback control systems where the measurement delay is greater than 5 min.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 8 (1974), S. 65-76 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: A comprehensive protocol is presented for the in vivo evaluation of soft tissue foreign body reactions to surgical implants. A number of methods of evaluation and quantitation of the tissue reaction to implants are presented and discussed. A strong plea is made for semi-quantitation of tissue reactions, rather than relying on subjective, qualitative methods.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 8 (1974), S. 199-211 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: A brief discussion is presented of some of the problems and artifacts inherent in the testing of soft tissue reactions to artificial implants. The process of inflammation and wound healing is presented. The various factors affecting the foreign body reaction (chemical, mechanical, geometrical, and others) are discussed. The cellular components of the foreign body reaction are described and the sequential cellular changes that may occur as a result of implanting an artificial device are examined. The foreign body reaction should be considered as a chronic inflammatory response.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Poly A was found to precipitate upon freezing acidic solutions at pH values where it is normally soluble; this precipitate tends to have the form of small thin plates of irregular outline (“plates”). The X-ray diffraction pattern and solubility properties of the “plates” were compared with those of poly A precipitated solely by exposure to lower pH values, and with fibers drawn from acidic solution. There is considerable molecular order in each of these three types of preparation. In all cases, the diffraction patterns are consistent with the presence of the double-stranded helical structure proposed by Rich, Davies, Crick, and Watson (J. Mol. Biol., 3, 71 (1961)) based on fiber diffraction data. The diffraction pattern from the “plates” is compared in detail with that of the fibers, and is shown to be in accord with a packing scheme having the chain axis of the molecular structure confined to the plane of the “plate,” but oriented randomly in that plane.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Interactions between mononucleoside and dinucleoside phosphates containing adenine and/or cytosine and L-tryptophan have been studied at low pD by proton magnetic resonance (pmr) spectroscopy. The results of those studies indicate that, despite extensive protonation of ring positions, and resulting electrostatic repulsion, ring stacking does occur between both like and unlike molecules. Geometries for stacked complexes are proposed and the extent of complex formation between L-tryptophan and adenosine or cytidine in 3′ or 5′ esterified positions is discussed qualitatively.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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