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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Journal of American studies 8 (1974), S. 1-21 
    ISSN: 0021-8758
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: English, American Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Notes: After the firm establishment of the English Atlantic colonies, and before the emergence of ‘the American identity’, these provinces participated with the metropolis in a political and economic ‘empire’. If ‘empire’ might be challenged as conveying too much political or economic meaning, it might also be challenged as conveying too little social meaning. Was the English Atlantic at the opening of the eighteenth century a civilization, a culture, a society, or a community? Though these terms are maddeningly ill-defined and somewhat interchangeable, they are suggested here as a scale of increasing social cohesiveness, from a relationship that is primarily inherited and parallel (civilization, culture) to a connexion that is primarily based upon the sharing of current ideas, institutions and interests (society, community). One essential pre-requisite for such sharing is a network of communications judged adequate by the people using it.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
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    Saskatoon : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Canadian journal of history/Annales canadiennes d'histoire. 7:3 (1972:Dec.) 286 
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1973-09-01
    Print ISSN: 0022-1376
    Electronic ISSN: 1537-5269
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1980-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Electronic ISSN: 2156-2202
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Results of electron microprobe analyses of plagioclase points and pyroxene grains of Apollo 15415 ?genesis rock.' It is pointed out that no evidence of cumulate textures has yet appeared to support suggestions of extensive crystal-liquid differentiation producing an anorthositic crust or a lunar crust composed of a mixture of plagioclase-rich rock, basalts and minor ultramafic material, which require that plagioclase crystals float in a basaltic liquid. The plagioclase in 15415 does not show cumulate texture either. It is noted that it remains to be seen whether rock 15415 is correctly named the ?genesis rock.'
    Keywords: SPACE SCIENCES
    Type: Nature; 234; Nov. 19
    Format: text
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Petrographic and electron-microprobe examination of the sample of 1 to 2 mm fines, Apollo 14166,6, has revealed a fragment with the unique lunar mineralogy of plagioclase, olivine, diopside, a Ti-Fe-Zr phase, and a trace of ilminite. The second occurrence of diopside is reported together with the third occurrence of a recently identified Ti-Fe-Zr phase. Microprobe analyses of the principal phases of the fragment studied are presented in a table. The relatively pure diopside analyses reported represent the most Mg-rich calcic pyroxene found in lunar material.
    Keywords: SPACE SCIENCES
    Type: Nature Physical Science; 237; June 12
    Format: text
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-01-25
    Description: The morphology and inclusions of individual Mg rich olivine grains from C2 chondrites provide disputed evidence for origin either from a liquid or a vapor. Olivine grains from Murchison (C2) and Allende (C3) meteorites were examined to extend data on Belgica 7904 (C2. Cathodoluminescence revealed the relation of chemical zoning to external shape and inclusions. High precision electron probe analyses of selected spots for Na, Al, P, Ca, Ti, Cr and Mn provided chemical constraints on the source material. From several possible explanations tentative suggestions are for at least two stages: (1) growth of the blue core from a vapor enriched in refractory elements (hence lack of inclusions); and (2) growth of red/dark rim from an unenriched liquid which entrapped the blue core. Mechanical transfer may be involved. The channels and networks are puzzling at this time. Whatever the true explanation, a complex history is needed for a simple mineral, and further study should provide additional restraints on formation of carbonaceous meteorites.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Institute The 47th Ann. Meteoritical Soc. Meeting; 1 p
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-01-25
    Description: The bulk composition and relict minerals of meteoroid ablation spheres from deep sea sediments can be related to the parental material, and bulk compositions and elemental ratios favor a CI/CM affinity for most spheres. Although largely melted, some deep sea spheres (DSS) have retained rare grains apparently unmodified chemically by ablation heating or seawater alteration. Minor elements in relict olivines for comparison with compositions of olivines in known meteorites were analyzed. All relict olivines are very Mg rich. No terrestrial olivines match the chemical features which reinforces other evidence for an extraterrestrial origin. There is no match with achondritic olivines. Mg rich olivines occur in all types of carbonaceous meteorites, but the minor elements of most DSS olivines do not match with those for Allende (C3) olivines, and fit poorly with those of Murchison (C2) olivines. There is a good fit for Fe and Cr with those of the olivines in the unusual Belgica 7904 (C2) meteorite (3). It seems likely that the relict olivines of at least many deep sea spheres are chemically related to olivines in at least one C2 meteorite.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Institute The 47th Ann. Meteoritical Soc. Meeting; 1 p
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The mineral chemistry is compared for selected achondrites. Olivine in the ALHA 77005 and EETA 79001 shergottites, olivine-rich Chassigny and Brachina, and the nakhlites, contains Ni indicative of oxidizing conditions, whereas pallasitic and ureilitic olivines contain much lower Ni due to reducing conditions. The Brachina olivine and pyroxene have distinctively higher Fe/Mn than the shergottites and Chassigny, further indicating that Brachina is unique. The Chassigny and 77005 olivines contain lower Cr2O3 (0.03 wt. pct) than the Brachina and 79001 olivines. Values of Fe/Mn for cumulus augites in nakhlites are higher than for the shergottites, whereas those for ferropigeonites are not. The 77005 shergottite contains troilite FeS in contrast to 79001, Shergotty, Zagami, and Chassigny, which contain pyrrhotite. Further analyses are needed, but the present survey indicates that at least Brachina is not chemically cogenetic with the other 'oxidized achondrites', and that the Fe/Mn ratio of the cumulus augites in nakhlites is a problem for the assignment of the nakhlites, shergottites, and Chassigny to a single genetic group.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research, Supplement (ISSN 0148-0227); 88; B229-B23
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The olivine crystals of the 77005 achondrite are brown except for colorless shock lamellae, mottled patches, and grains adjacent to pools of impact melt. Sporadic dark alteration patches in brown olivine and Cr-rich spinel gave the following average electron-microprobe analyses: (olivine) P2O5 0.9, SiO2 57.9, TiO2 0, Al2O3 0.7, Cr2O3 0.4, V2O3 0, Fe2O3 (assumed oxidation state) 17.0, MgO 1.6, CaO 0.2, Na2O 0, K2O 1.8, SO3 (assumed oxidation state) 9.2, Cl 0.1, sum 89.8 wt pct; (spinel) P2O5 3.5, SiO2 2.1, TiO2 2.2, Al2O3 2.1, Cr2O3 13.4, V2O3 0.8, Fe2O3 40.7, MgO 0.9, CaO 0.1, Na2O 0, K2O 2.0, SO3 11.1, Cl 0.1, sum 79.0 wt pct. Ion-microprobe analyses revealed H in both. Rare orange patches in brown olivine from another area gave SiO2 33-35, FeO 30-28, MgO 28-32, sum 93 wt pct. Thermal metamorphism under dry oxidizing conditions is discussed as a possible alternative to shock-induced oxidation for generation of the brown olivine (McSween and Stoeffler, 1980). Because alteration patches transgress shock lamellae, and because sulfatic alteration occurs in fusion crusts of Antarctic meteorites (Gibson et al., 1983), alteration of the 77005 achondrite at the Antarctic surface is preferred to a complex series of processes needed for preterrestrial alteration.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Meteoritics (ISSN 0026-1114); 19; 121-133
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