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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 41 (1971), S. 282-284 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 40 (1970), S. 11-17 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Für Reproduktions- und Selektionsvorgänge in Populationen diploider Organismen mit diskreter Generationenfolge wird eine algebraische Darstellung gegeben. Das Interesse konzentriert sich dabei auf die Frage, unter welchen Bedingungen die Selektionskoeffizienten der verschiedenen Genotypen aus den Genotypenfrequenzen zweier aufeinander folgender Generationen allein bestimmt werden können. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit, der später veröffentlicht wird, werden die statistischen Eigenschaften einer speziellen, von Hayman aufgestellten Schätzfunktion untersucht. Hierbei werden Konfidenzintervalle und Signifikanzteste für Fitnesswerte betrachtet und mit Hilfe von Simulationsstudien geprüft.
    Notes: Summary An algebraic treatment of reproduction and selection processes in populations of diploids with discrete generation cycles is presented. The main objective was a determination of the conditions under which the selection coefficients for the various genotypes can be determined solely on the basis of known frequencies of genotypes in two subsequent generations. In part two, to be published later, the statistical properties of a special fitness estimator, proposed by Hayman, are considered. Confidence intervals and tests of significance concerning hypotheses about fitness are established and checked by computer simulation studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 40 (1970), S. 76-87 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Im ersten Teil dieser Arbeit* wurde eine alge-Darstellung von Reproduktions- und Selektionsvorgängen in Populationen diploider Organismen gegeben. Im zweiten Teil werden die statistischen Eigenschaften einer speziellen, von Hayman stammenden Schätzfunktion für die Fitness betrachtet. Es werden verschiedene Möglichkeiten zur Be-rechnung von Konfidenzintervallen und zur Durch-führung von Signifikanztesten angegeben und mit Hilfe von Simulationsstudien geprüft.
    Notes: Summary In part I of this paper (Theoret. Appl. Genetics 40, p. 11–17) an algebraic treatment of reproduction and selection processes in populations of diploids was given. Here the statistical properties of a special fitness estimator, which is due to Hayman, are considered. Confidence intervals and tests of significance concerning hypotheses about fitnesses are established and checked by computer simulation studies in part III.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 41 (1971), S. 40-44 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 385 (1971), S. 33-46 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reactions of (CF3S)2NH with CF3SNCO and , respectively, did not give the corresponding urea derivatives but quantitatively (CF3S)3N and cyanuric acid. SCl2 reacts with (CF3S)2NH as well as with (CF3S)3N to form CF3SCl, S4N3Cl and S2Cl2. In addition, the imide produces also HCl. Benzoylchloride reacts similarly under elimination of CF3SCl to the compound , which could also be obtained from benzamide and CF3SCl. Condensation reactions were only observed with Cl3-nFnCSCl (n = 0, 1, 2) and the imide. In the presence of trimethylamine the substances (CF3S)2NSCFnCl3-n (n = 0, 1, 2) and CF3SN(SCCl3-nFn)2 (n = 1, 2) were formed. IR and 19F-n.m.r. data as well as massspectra are presented; reaction mechanisms are discussed.
    Notes: Bei der Umsetzung von (CF3S)2NH mit CF3SNCO bzw. werden nicht, wie erwartet, die entsprechenden Harnstoffe erhalten, sondern quantitativ (CF3S)3N und Cyanursäure. Sowohl (CF3S)2NH als auch (CF3S)3N reagieren mit SCl2 und liefern CF3SCl, S4N3Cl und S2Cl2. Im Falle des Imids entsteht zusätzlich noch HCl. Ähnlich verläuft die Reaktion mit Benzoylchlorid; unter Eliminierung von CF3SCl bildet sich das CF3S · NH · · C6H5, das auch aus CF3SCl und Benzamid hergestellt worden ist. Lediglich die Umsetzungen des Imids mit Cl3-nFnCSCl (n = 0, 1, 2) führte partiell zu einer Kondensation unter HCl-Austritt. Hierbei entstanden in Anwesenheit von Trimethylamin (CF3S)2NSCFnCl3-n (n = 0, 1, 2) und CF3SN(SCFnCl3-n)2 (n = 1, 2). Für die neu hergestellten Verbindungen werden IR-, 19F-NMR und Massenspektren angegeben. Reaktionsmechanismen werden diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2015-12-18
    Description: : Chemical mapping experiments allow for nucleotide resolution assessment of RNA structure. We demonstrate that different strategies of integrating probing data with thermodynamics-based RNA secondary structure prediction algorithms can be implemented by means of soft constraints. This amounts to incorporating suitable pseudo-energies into the standard energy model for RNA secondary structures. As a showcase application for this new feature of the ViennaRNA Package we compare three distinct, previously published strategies to utilize SHAPE reactivities for structure prediction. The new tool is benchmarked on a set of RNAs with known reference structure. Availability and implementation : The capability for SHAPE directed RNA folding is part of the upcoming release of the ViennaRNA Package 2.2, for which a preliminary release is already freely available at http://www.tbi.univie.ac.at/RNA . Contact : michael.wolfinger@univie.ac.at Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
    Print ISSN: 1367-4803
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2059
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Medicine
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2015-01-17
    Description: Due to the present shortage of 3 He and the associated tremendous increase of its price, the supply of large neutron detection systems with 3 He becomes unaffordable. Alternative neutron detection concepts, therefore, have been invented based on solid 10 B converters. These concepts require development in thin film deposition technique regarding high adhesion, thickness uniformity and chemical purity of the converter coating on large area substrates. We report on the sputter deposition of highly uniform large-area 10 B 4 C coatings of up to 2  μ m thickness with a thickness deviation below 4% using the Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht large area sputtering system. The 10 B 4 C coatings are x-ray amorphous and highly adhesive to the substrate. Material analysis by means of X-ray-Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Secondary-Ion-Mass-Spectrometry, and Rutherford-Back-Scattering (RBS) revealed low impurities concentration in the coatings. The isotope composition determined by Secondary-Ion-Mass-Spectrometry, RBS, and inelastic nuclear reaction analysis of the converter coatings evidences almost identical 10 B isotope contents in the sputter target and in the deposited coating. Neutron conversion and detection test measurements with variable irradiation geometry of the converter coating demonstrate an average relative quantum efficiency ranging from 65% to 90% for cold neutrons as compared to a black 3 He-monitor. Thus, these converter coatings contribute to the development of 3 He-free prototype detectors based on neutron grazing incidence. Transferring the developed coating process to an industrial scale sputtering system can make alternative 3 He-free converter elements available for large area neutron detection systems.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2015-12-02
    Description: We report seismic signals on a desert playa caused by convective vortices and dust devils. The long-period (10–100 s) signatures, with tilts of ~10 –7 radians, are correlated with the presence of vortices, detected with nearby sensors as sharp temporary pressure drops (0.2–1 mbar) and solar obscuration by dust. We show that the shape and amplitude of the signals, manifesting primarily as horizontal accelerations, can be modeled approximately with a simple quasi-static point-load model of the negative pressure field associated with the vortices acting on the ground as an elastic half-space. We suggest the load imposed by a dust devil of diameter D and core pressure P o is ~( /2) P o D 2 , or for a typical terrestrial dust devil of 5 m diameter and 2 mbar, about the weight of a small car. The tilt depends on the inverse square of distance and on the elastic properties of the ground, and the large signals we observe are in part due to the relatively soft playa sediment and the shallow installation of the instrument. Ground tilt may be a particularly sensitive means of detecting dust devils. The simple point-load model fails for large dust devils at short ranges, but more elaborate models incorporating the work of Sorrells (1971) may explain some of the more complex features in such cases, taking the vortex winds and ground velocity into account. We discuss some implications for the InSight mission to Mars. Online Material: Figure of data and geophysical interpretation of seismic refraction line.
    Print ISSN: 0037-1106
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-3573
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2016-02-12
    Description: Fans, landforms that record the storage and transport of sediment from uplands to depositional basins, are found on Saturn's moon Titan, a body of significantly different process rates and material compositions from Earth. Images obtained by the Cassini spacecraft's synthetic aperture radar reveal morphologies, roughness, textural patterns and other properties consistent with fan analogues on Earth also viewed by synthetic aperture radar. The observed fan characteristics on Titan reveal some regions of high relative relief and others with gentle slopes over hundreds of kilometres, exposing topographic variations and influences on fan formation. There is evidence for a range of particle sizes across proximal to distal fan regions, from c. 2 cm or more to fine-grained, which can provide details on sedimentary processes. Some features are best described as alluvial fans, which implies their proximity to high-relief source areas, while others are more likely to be fluvial fans, drawing from larger catchment areas and frequently characterized by more prolonged runoff events. The presence of fans corroborates the vast liquid storage capacity of the atmosphere and the resultant episodic behaviour. Fans join the growing list of landforms on Titan derived from atmospheric and fluvial processes similar to those on Earth, strengthening comparisons between these two planetary bodies.
    Print ISSN: 0305-8719
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-4927
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 10
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