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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 98 (1976), S. 7421-7422 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 50 (1978), S. 334-338 
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematische Annalen 236 (1978), S. 125-131 
    ISSN: 1432-1807
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 24 (1975), S. 249-263 
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The effect on tension development of replacing 90% of the H2O of the bathing saline with D2O was studied on intact single fibers, and on skinned fibers before and after the latter were treated so as to eliminate Ca-accumulation by the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). Excitation-contraction coupling (ECC) of intact fibers is not abolished, but is depressed by D2O so that higher depolarizations are required to elicit a given tension. The reduction in tension at a given level of depolarization is not due to inhibition of the contractile system. The latter showed an enhanced Ca sensitivity; that is, skinned fibers respond to Ca concentrations that are 1–2 orders of magnitude smaller in D2O than in H2O saline. When bathed in D2O saline, intact fibers or skinned fibers with functional SR can still accumulate and release Ca in sufficient quantities to allow repeated induction of maximum tensions. Relaxation is slowed in all three types of preparation, perhaps because of an increased affinity of troponin to Ca in D2O salines.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Intramuscular Clindamycin Phosphate ; serum levels ; half-lives ; renal Failure ; haemodialysis ; man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Serum levels of clindamycin bioactivity and total clindamycin were studied after single intramuscular injections of 300 mg of clindamycin phosphate in a group of 6 normal subjects and a group of 6 maintenance haemodialysis patients. The patients were studied during a non-dialysis period and then again during haemodialysis. Peak levels tended to be higher and elimination half-lives shorter in the patients than in the normal subjects. Possible reasons for these differences are discussed. There was no evidence that haemodialysis per se influenced the pharmacokinetics of clindamycin phosphate. The proportion of unhydrolysed clindamycin phosphate tended to be higher in the renal failure patients and the reason for this is not apparent. Little, if any, dosage modification is necessary in severe renal failure although there is probably little point in exceeding a dose of 300 mg intramuscularly every 8 h even in severe infections in patients with severe renal failure. The higher peak levels in patients with advanced renal failure indicate the need for further studies with repeated doses.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 101 (1979), S. 4705-4708 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 35 (1979), S. 1159-1160 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary These is genotype-dependent variation in the importance to females of the courtship song relative to other nale generated courtship stimuli.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurde eine vergleichende Untersuchung der rheologischen Eigenschaften von zwei polymeren Systemen (1% Lösung von Polyacrylamid im 30/70 Wasser-Glyzerin-Gemisch, sowie „Paratac“, eine Lösung von Polyisobutylen in Öl) und zwei Mischtensidsystemen (0.05M/0.05M-Lösung von Cetyltrimethylammoniumbromid (CTAB) resp. Toluolsulfonsäure (TSS), sowie eine 20 gew. % Lösung mit einem Gehalt an 16% Tetradecyldimethylammoniopropan (DMH) und 4% Natriumdodecylsulfat (NaDS)). Alle vier Systeme sind viskoelastisch und sind durch statische und oszillatorische Schubversuche im Rheogoniometer vonWeissenberg charakterisiert worden. Die Rheologie von allen vier Systemen wurde auf Basis von vorher veröffentlichten quasi-molekularen Modellen gedeutet. Die beiden polymeren Systeme stimmen mit den Voraussagungen eines generalisiertenRouse-Modells überein, das auf eine Berücksichtigung von einer innermolekularen Kraft (im wesentlichen Wechselwirkungen zwischen Kettenteilen) basiert. Die Mischtensidsysteme zeigten dieselben rheologischen Phänomene, die aber am besten mit Bezug auf innermolekulare Kräfte erklärt werden können. Das scheinbare Molgewicht der wechselwirkenden Kräfte in den Mischtensidsystemen war ungefähr 5⋅106.
    Notes: Summary A comparative investigation has been made of the rheological properties of two polymer systems (1% solution of polyacrylamide in 30/70 water/glycerol mixture and ‘Paratac’, a solution of polyisobutylene in oil) and two mixed surfactant systems (0.05 M/0.05M solution of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and toluene sulphonic acid (TSA) and a solution containing 16% tetradecyldimethylammonio propane sulphonate (DMH) and 4% sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) by weight. All four systems are viscoelastic and have been characterized using both steady and oscillatory shear experiments in theWeissenberg Rheogoniometer. The rheology of all four systems was interpreted on the basis of previously published quasi-molecular models. Both polymeric systems follow the predictions of a generalizedRouse model which is based on a consideration of intramolecular force (essentially interactions between segments of a chain). The mixed surfactant system exhibited the same general rheological phenomena but these could best be explained with reference to intermolecular forces. The apparent molecular weight of the interacting units in the mixed surfactant systems was about 5 × 106.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurden in dieser Mitteilung einige Methoden für die Messung vonσ 2 für die vier in Teil 1 angegebenen Systeme verglichen. Dies sind eine 1%-Lösung von Polyacrylamid in einem Wasser-Glyzerin-Gemisch, eine Lösung von Polyisobutylen in Öl (Paratac), eine 0.05 M/0.05 M-Lösung von Cetyltrimethylammoniumbromid (CTAB) resp. Toluolsulfonsäure (TSS), sowie eine 16%-Lösung von Tetradecyldimethylammoniopropansulfonat (DMH)/4% Natriumdodecylsulfat (NaDS). Es wurden die Gesamtschubwerte in drei Geometrien für alle vier Systeme und Druckprofile in einer Konusund-Platte-Konfiguration für die Polyacrylamid- und CTAB/TSS-Lösungen gemessen. Die Fehlerquellen, die von Randeffekten oder von versuchsbedingten Streuungen bei der Bestimmung von Schubwerten an verschiedenen Spalten stammen, wurden umfassend untersucht, sowie ein Arbeitsbereich, um verläßliche Schätzungen vonσ 2 zu bekommen, festgestellt. Die Paratac- sowie auch die CTAB/TSS-Lösungen zeigten negative Werte, die in guter Übereinstimmung mit den allgemein angenommenen Literaturwerten waren (4, 5, 9, 32–40). Das Polyacrylamidsystem zeigte einen kleinen positivenσ 2-Wert, während bei DMH/NaDSσ 2 positiv wurde bei niedrigen Schubgeschwindigkeiten, er wurde negativ mit steigenden Schubgeschwindigkeiten. Diese Resultate geben anscheinend eine wahre Eigenschaft der Systeme wieder und sind durch Fehler in der Arbeitsweise zu erklären.
    Notes: Summary In this paper, several methods of measuringσ 2 have been compared for the four systems reported in Part 1 (1). These are a 1% solution of polyacrylamide in a water/glycerol mixture, a solution of polyisobutylene in oil (Paratac), 0.05 M/0.05M solution of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and toluene sulphonic acid (TSA), and a 16% tetradecyldimethyl ammonio propane sulphonate (DMH)/4% sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS). Total thrusts were measured in three geometries for all four systems and pressure profiles in a coneand-plate configuration were measured for the polyacrylamide and CTAB/TSA solutions. The sources of errors arising from edge effects or experimental spread in the determination of thrusts at various gaps were examined comprehensively and a working range for obtaining reliable estimates ofσ 2 was established. Both the Paratac and CTAB/TSA gave negative values which compared well with the generally accepted values in the literature (refs 4, 5, 9, 32–40). The polyacrylamide system gave a small positiveσ 2 while for DMH/SDS,σ 2 was positive at low shear-rates, and became negative as the shear-rate increased. These latter results appear to be a true manifestation of the systems and cannot be explained by errors in the techniques.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 14 (1975), S. 795-800 
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine Cab-o-Sil-Suspension, welche Scherentzähungsverhalten zeigt, sowie eine Reihe von Stärkesuspensionen, die Scherverzähungsverhalten zeigen, werden unter nicht-stationären Fließbedingungen, genauer: bei überlagerter stationärer und periodischer Scherung, im Rheogoniometer R 18 untersucht. Die Ergebnisse werden mit den Folgerungen aus bekannten Theorien über die relative Zu- oder Abnahme der mittleren Spannung als Funktion der überlagerten periodischen Bewegung verglichen. Für die (Scherentzähung zeigende) Cab-o-Sil-Suspension ergibt sich eine gute Übereinstimmung mit den theoretischen Voraussagen vonWalters. Das Verhalten der (Scherverzähung zeigenden) Stärkesuspensionen kann dagegen durch diese Theorie nur qualitativ beschrieben, nicht aber quantitativ erklärt werden. Für diese Systeme wird gefunden, daß die lokale Steigung der doppelt-logarithmisch aufgetragenen Spannungs-Schergeschwindigkeits-Kurve die bestimmende Größe ist, nicht aber — wie von der Theorie vorausgesagt — deren zweite Ableitung.
    Notes: Summary A Cab-o-sil suspension showing shear-thinning behaviour and a series of starch suspensions showing shear-thickening behaviour were studied under unsteady flow conditions on the R 18 Rheogoniometer for a range of steady and superposed oscillatory shearing conditions. The results were compared with the published theories in terms of percentage increase or decrease in average stress on the application of the oscillatory motion. Good agreement with the theoretical prediction ofWalters was found for the Cab-o-sil (shear-thinning) suspension over the entire range tested. The starch suspensions (showing shear-thickening) showed properties which were in qualitative agreement with theory but cannot be explained quantitatively. The controlling factor for these systems was found to be the local gradient of the log-stresslog-shear rate curve and not the second derivative of the stress-shear rate curve as predicted by the theory.
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