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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inferential control of processes: Part I. Steady state analysis and design (1978)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 24 (1978), S. 485-492 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Methods are presented for the design of a static estimator which infers unmeasurable product qualities from secondary measurements. The secondary measurements are selected so as to minimize the number of such measurements required to obtain an accurate estimate which is insensitive to modeling errors. Unlike previous work, the number of secondary measurements can be fewer than the number of unmeasured disturbances. If the statistics of the disturbances and/or measurement noise are available, this information can be incorporated into the design procedure to obtain an optimal static estimator.The design procedure is illustrated by application to a simulated industrial debutanizer. Data for the simulation were supplied by the Marathon Oil Company. Deviations in bottoms product quality are compared for the current control policy (maintenance of a stage temperature at its set point) and the inferential control system with the column subjected to representative feed composition disturbances. Results show that inferential control based on four, five, or six tray temperature measurements improves the steady state control performance by as much as 400%.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690240313
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inferential control of processes: Part II. The structure and dynamics of inferential control systems (1978)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 24 (1978), S. 492-500 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The static estimator of part I is incorporated into a dynamic control system. The system structure minimizes output feedback and thereby achieves stability even in the event of significant modeling errors. This inherent stability permits the use of simple and economical lead-lag compensation for the estimator and controller portions of the system. The overall system response to disturbances is similar to that of feed-forward control systems.The proposed control system structure is used to infer and control the overhead and bottoms product compositions of a simulated multicomponent distillation. Product compositions are inferred from selected stage temperature and process flow measurements. Inferential control system response to various disturbances is comparable or superior to that of a tuned composition feedback control system for both single product control and for simultaneus overhead and bottoms product control.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690240314
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inferential control of processes: Part III. Construction of optimal and suboptimal dynamic estimators (1978)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 24 (1978), S. 500-509 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Methods are presented for the construction of optimal and suboptimal estimators for inferential control systems. Optimal estimators are constructed with the aid of Kalman filtering techniques applied to linear systems driven by integrated white noise disturbances. The description of the disturbances as integrated white noise leads to optimal dynamic estimators which reduce to optimal static estimators for sustained disturbances. Suboptimal estimators are constructed by prespecifying the structure of the estimator and choosing estimator parameters so as to minimize the mean square error in estimation.Optimal and suboptimal estimators are compared by using them in an inferential control system which attempts to control the product composition of a simulated multicomponent distillation column. There is little difference in performance between optimal and suboptimal estimators which use temperature and flow measurements to estimate product composition. However, the inferential control system using a simple suboptimal estimator is significantly superior to the policy of maintaining a selected tray temperature constant through a standard feedback control system. The inferential control system is also superior to composition feedback control systems where the measurement delay is greater than 5 min.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690240315
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dispersion Polymerization in Organic Media, K. E. J. Barrett, Ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1975, 322 pp., $27.50. (1975)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 13 (1975), S. 575-576 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6384
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1975.130130913
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A fourier transform infrared study of polymer blends. I. Poly(vinylidene fluoride)  -  poly(methyl methacrylate) system (1977)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 15 (1977), S. 745-750 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6384
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1977.130151207
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proton magnetic resonance investigation of interactions between L-tryptophan and dinucleoside phosphates at low pD (1977)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 16 (1977), S. 259-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Interactions between mononucleoside and dinucleoside phosphates containing adenine and/or cytosine and L-tryptophan have been studied at low pD by proton magnetic resonance (pmr) spectroscopy. The results of those studies indicate that, despite extensive protonation of ring positions, and resulting electrostatic repulsion, ring stacking does occur between both like and unlike molecules. Geometries for stacked complexes are proposed and the extent of complex formation between L-tryptophan and adenosine or cytidine in 3′ or 5′ esterified positions is discussed qualitatively.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1977.360160204
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An analysis of the amide I mode in the vibrational spectra of unordered polypeptides and proteins (1978)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 17 (1978), S. 2475-2484 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The difference in the observed frequency of the amide I mode between the Raman and ir spectra of many unordered polypeptides is interpreted in terms of a model in which sequences of amide groups have similar φ, ψ angles. The splittings due to intramolecular interactions for the infinite helices generated by all φ, ψ angles are calculated by assuming transition dipole coupling. The effect of finite sequence length and distortions are then considered. This hypothesis accounts for the general features of the amide I mode of unordered polypeptides.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1978.360171014
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of extrusion on the mechanical properties of polytetrafluoroethylene paste (1978)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 18 (1978), S. 260-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: We consider the connection between viscous effects experienced by polytetrafluoroethylene paste during extrusion, and the final strength of the extrudate. It is shown that by reducing the viscous contribution to the pressure drop across the extruder die, we not only save on extrusion pressure, but also increase the strength of the extrudate. The shape of die that gives the minimum pressure drop is derived.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760180404
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Raman spectroscopic studies of chloroprene polymers (1976)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 5 (1976), S. 417-428 
    Details
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The Raman spectra of predominantly trans - 1,4-polychloroprenes are presented. Spectra were recorded of polymers prepared by free radical emulsion techniques in the temperature range -20 to +40°C in both the solid state and in CS2 solution. Spectral changes characteristic of the crystalline and amorphous regions of the polymers have been identified. Measurements of the relative broadness of the 1007 cm-1 Raman line, which is associated with the C-C stretching frequency in the main chain, have been made and correlated with the amorphous content of the polymer. Extrapolations of these results indicates that polymers prepared in the range 50-60°C should be completely amorphous elastomeric materials.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250050411
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