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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 255 (1977), S. 111-119 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Using a “shell model” to mimic the structure of the valence electron orbitals in polyethylene, we achieve a detailed description of the vibrations of the all-trans molecule. The sp3 hybridized, outer carbon orbitals are represented by a rigid “valence tetrapod”. The non-central interactions between covalently bound C atoms are described as resulting from translations and rotations of these rigid “shells” one relative to another. The restoring forces, thus, do not result from bond-angle deformations (“many-atom” forces!), but rather from changes in mutual overlap of the spa/3 functions — represented by mutual displacements of the “shells” (“two-atom” forces!). The C–H bond is simulated in an analogous manner. In addition to these forces due to the covalent bonds, Van-der-Waals-type forces up to second neighbours, and a “rotation potential” around the C-C axis are taken into account. By our model, with comparatively few adjustable parameters, it has been possible to reproduce quite accurately the experimental dispersion curves of polyethylene (as reconstructed from the infrared and Raman data of the paraffines). Differences between the forms of vibrational motion in our model and in the “Valence Force Field” description show up in the amplitude-weighted phonon frequency spectrum which determines the incoherent neutron scattering cross section.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Ausgehend von quantenmechanischen Modellvorstellungen über die Struktur der Elektronenhülle des Polyäthylenmoleküls wird eine detaillierte Beschreibung der Schwingungen des all-trans-Moleküls mittels eines „shell-model” erreicht. Die sp3-hybridisierten äußeren Elektronenwellenfunktionen des Kohlenstoffs werden durch ein starres Valenzvierbein dargestellt. Die nicht-zentrale Wechselwirkung zwischen kovalent gebundenen C-Atomen wird auf Verschiebungen und Rotationen der starren Valenzvierbeine gegeneinander zurückgeführt. Die Rückstellkräfte resultieren in diesem Modell nicht von Winkeldeformationen der Valenzwinkel (Mehrkörperkräfte), sondern von Änderungen des Wellenfunktionsüberlapps der sp3-Funktionen — dargestellt durch gegenseitige Verrückungen der shells (Zweikörperkräfte). In entsprechender Weise wird die C–H-Bindung beschrieben. Zu diesen durch die kovalenten Bindungen verursachten Kräften werden van-der-Waals-Kräfte zwischen maximal übernächsten Nachbarn und ein Rotationspotential um die C–C-Bindungsachse hinzugenommen. Mit diesem Modell gelingt es, mit vergleichsweise wenigen Parametern eine gute Übereinstimmung zwischen den theoretischen Dispersionskurven von Polyäthylen und den experimentellen Kurven zu erreichen, soweit diese mit Hilfe der Infrarot- und Ramandaten der Paraffine in ihrem ω (k)-Verlauf konstruierbar sind. Unterschiede in den aus unserem Potentialmodell resultierenden Bewegungsformen des Moleküls im Vergleich zum Valenzkraftfeld werden an Hand der den inkohärenten Neutronenstreuquerschnitt bestimmenden amplitudengewichteten Phononendichtefunktionen erkennbar.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The Co hyperfine fields have been determined in the intermetallic compounds LaCo13, LaCo5, YCo5 and ThCo5 by means of inelastic spin flip scattering of neutrons. The relatively low hyperfine fields observed for the two Co sites in LaCo5, YCo5 and ThCo5 have been interpreted as resulting from a partial cancellation of the contributions of core polarization, orbital moments and conduction electron polarization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 28 (1977), S. 23-30 
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The possibility of measuring nuclear spin waves (NSW) by inelastic neutron scattering is discussed. The differential cross section and scattered state polarization for the scattering of thermal neutrons from systems described by the Suhl-Nakamura Hamiltonian are developed in the Van Hove correlation function formalism; the relevant correlation functions for the Suhl-Nakamura system are computed. The implications of these calculations for the feasibility of detecting nuclear spin wave modes in neutron scattering experiments are discussed.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 32 (1978), S. 49-58 
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have made a model calculation for the decay of phase coherence of muon spin rotation in the case of muon diffusion in the presence of traps. First we have developed a random-walk theory of the decay functionP(t), for diffusion in homogeneous systems, and obtained an explicit expression in the frequency domain previously found by Kubo. We have derivedP(t) in the time domain by numerical inversion of the Laplace transform applying the recently developed Korrektur method. The result coincides with the usual Gaussian-Markovian theory for slow and fast modulation, and deviates at most by 8% in the intermediate region. We have extended our theory to a two-state description for capture and release processes on traps and found an analytic expression equivalent to the NMR lineshapeI(ω). The results for the decay function agree with experimental results for muon diffusion in metals with traps. Finally we have compared our theory with approximate calculations of the decay function and the damping rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 14 (1977), S. 143-149 
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Mitochondria and bacteria possess protein synthesizing machineries which are similar in many respects. The regulation of gene expression in mitochondria is unknown. We, therefore, tried to use a well-established prokaryotic regulatory system for the exploration of mitochondrial gene regulation. DNA of the bacterial virus can be used as a template for gene expression in a mitochondrialin vitro system. The gene directed enzyme synthesis in the mitochondrial system is the basis for a study of regulation in mitochondrial protein synthesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hyperfine interactions 6 (1979), S. 193-201 
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hyperfine interactions 6 (1979), S. 289-294 
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hyperfine interactions 6 (1979), S. 219-222 
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 193 (1978), S. 41-59 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Electrical synapse (frog) ; Electrotonic coupling ; Electron microscopy ; Freeze fracture ; Gap junction ; Mixed synapse ; Motoneuron
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Freeze-fracture replicas and ultrathin sections were used to characterize the gap junctions on the somata and large dendrites of frog motoneurons found earlier by Sonnhof et al. (1977). In freeze-fracture replicas one of the specific features of these relatively frequent gap junctions is the presence of circular regions of non-junctional membrane (“fenestrae”) within areas of typical gap junction appearance displaying P-face particles or E-face pits. Such “fenestrated” gap junctions are mostly associated with membrane specializations indicative of the active zone of a chemical synapse (including vesicle attachment sites in non anaesthetized animals) to constitute mixed synapses. These findings could be verified in ultrathin sections, which revealed that the vesicles of the chemical component of the mixed synapses were spherical and agranular. Our results suggest that the mixed synapses are predominantly axo-somatic and axo-dendritic. The existence of dendro-dendritic gap junctions in the ventral horn region as described by Sotelo and Taxi (1970) was verified in ultrathin sections; they were rare, solely electrotonic in character, and probably represent the morphological basis for the VR-EPSP (Katz and Miledi, 1963; Kubota and Brookhart, 1963), i.e. electrotonic coupling between motoneurons of different spinal segments (Washizu, 1960). Electrotonic coupling can also be demonstrated between motoneurons and afferent fibers of the dorsal root and the lateral column. Electrotonic potentials recorded within motoneurons during electrical stimulation of dorsal root or lateral column precede the chemical postsynaptic potentials; after Mn2+ blockade of chemical synaptic transmission, the electrotonic component persists. Some fibers of these afferent pathways are therefore assumed to act monosynaptically on the motoneuron via mixed axo-somatic and axo-dendritic synapses.
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