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  • Springer  (235)
  • American Institute of Physics  (133)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
  • 1975-1979  (368)
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  • 1
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    Abstracts (1977)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1977-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0364-152X
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1009
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Springer
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Marine diatoms grown in chemostats under silicate or ammonium limitation. II. Transient response of Skeletonema costatum to a single addition of the limiting nutrient (1976)
    Springer
    Marine biology 35 (1976), S. 187-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Skeletonema costatum was grown at different steady-state growth rates in ammonium or silicate-limited chemostats. The culture was perturbed from its steady-state condition by a single addition of the limiting nutrients ammonium or silicate. The transient response was followed by measuring nutrient disappearance of the liliting perturbation experiment indicate that three distinct modes of uptake of the limiting nutrient can be distinguished; surge uptake (V s ), internally controlled uptake (V i ), and externally controlled uptake (V e ). An interpretation of these three modes of uptake is given and their relation to control of uptake of the limiting nutrient is discussed. The uptake rates of the non-limiting nutrients were shown to be depressed during the surge of the uptake of the limiting nutrient. Kinetic uptake parameters, K s and V max, were obtained from data acquired during the externally controlled uptake segment, V e . The same V max value of 0. 12 h-1, was obtained under either silicate or ammonium limitation. Estimates of K s were 0.4 μg-at NH4-N l-1 and 0.7 μg-at Si l-1. Short-term 15N uptake-rate measurements conducted on nitrogen-limited cultures appear to be a combination of V s or V i , or at lower substrate concentrations V s and V e . It is difficult to separate these different uptake modes in batch or tracer experiments, and ensuing problems in interpretation are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00390940
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution and temperature adaptation in the teleost fish genus Gibbonsia (1977)
    Springer
    Marine biology 42 (1977), S. 315-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Along the California coast there are three intertidal species of the genus Gibbonsia (G. elegans, G. metzi, G. montereyensis). These species have distinct but overlapping distributions. Collections were made seasonally from three areas. Each collection was divided into two groups — a critical thermal maximum and minimum were determined for one group and the other group was tested after a 3 week acclimation period. The three species showed genetically different adaptation abilities and these were correlated with species differences in latitudinal distributions. The species that experiences the widest seasonal temperature range proved capable of anticipatory adjustment to temperature while the two experiencing small seasonal changes showed only reactive adjustments. the species with the widest distribution showed the greatest ability to adapt to temperature extremes. After 1 week acclimation all three species demonstrated different mechanisms for heat and cold adaptation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00402193
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Marine diatoms grown in chemostats under silicate or ammonium limitation. III. Cellular chemical composition and morphology of Chaetoceros debilis, Skeletonema costatum, and Thalassiosira gravida (1977)
    Springer
    Marine biology 43 (1977), S. 19-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Three marine diatoms, Skeletonema costatum, Chaetoceros debilis, and Thalassiosira gravida were grown under no limitation and ammonium or silicate limitation or starvation. Changes in cell morphology were documented with photomicrographs of ammonium and silicate-limited and non-limited cells, and correlated with observed changes in chemical composition. Cultures grown under silicate starvation or limitation showed an increase in particulate carbon, nitrogen and phosporus and chlorophyll a per unit cell volume compared to non-limited cells; particulate silica per cell volume decreased. Si-starved cells were different from Si-limited cells in that the former contained more particulate carbon and silica per cell volume. The most sensitive indicator of silicate limitation or starvation was the ratio C:Si, being 3 to 5 times higher than the values for non-limited cells. The ratios Si:chlorophyll a and S:P were lower and N:Si was higher than non-limited cells by a factor of 2 to 3. The other ratios, C:N, C:P, C:chlorophyll a, N:chlorophyll a, P:chlorophyll a and N:P were considered not to be sensitive indicators of silicate limitation or starvation. Chlorophyll a, and particulate nitrogen per unit cell volume decreased under ammonium limitation and starvation. NH4-starved cells contained more chlorophyll a, carbon, nitrogen, silica, and phosphorus per cell volume than NH4-limited cells. N:Si was the most sensitive ratio to ammonium limitation or starvation, being 2 to 3 times lower than non-limited cells. Si:chlorophyll a, P:chlorophyll a and N:P were less sensitive, while the ratios C:N, C:chlorophyll a, N:chlorophyll a, C:Si, C:P and Si:P were the least sensitive. Limited cells had less of the limiting nutrient per unit cell volume than starved cells and more of the non-limiting nutrients (i.e., silica and phosphorus for NH4-limited cells). This suggests that nutrient-limited cells rather than nutrient-starved cells should be used along with non-limited cells to measure the full range of potential change in cellular chemical composition for one species under nutrient limitation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00392568
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ionic and metabolic requirements for the hydroosmotic response to antidiuretic hormone in toad urinary bladder (1978)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 41 (1978), S. 225-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A study has been conducted to determine the ionic and metabolic requirements for full expression of the hydroosmotic response to antidiuretic hormone in the toad urinary bladder. By appropriate manipulation of incubation conditions it can be shown that there is a pool of serosal sodium necessary for a full hormone response. This serosal sodium pool is not related to the transepithelial sodium transport pool. A full hydroosmotic response also requires serosal potassium; however, no specific anion requirement was demonstrated. Additionally, anaerobic or aerobic metabolism support a full hydroosmotic response equally well.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01870430
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature responses of antennal receptors of the mosquito,Aedes aegypti (1975)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 96 (1975), S. 223-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. A pair of thermoreceptor units was identified in the sensilla coeloconica at the tip of the antennae on the mosquito,Aedes aegypti. 2. One thermoreceptor was warm-sensitive and responded with a phasic-tonic increase in spike frequency to sudden increases in temperature. The second thermoreceptor was coldsensitive, responding with a phasic-tonic increase in spike activity to sudden decreases in temperature. 3. The mean tonic spike activity of both the cold and warm receptors increased with increasing temperature to a peak of 30 imp/sec at 26
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00612696
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of 3′,5′-cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase in the plasma membrane of cod (Gadus callarius) and mouse islets (1975)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 20 (1975), S. 301-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The membranes of both mouse and cod islets contain a protein phosphokinase enzyme. 3′,5′-cyclic AMP, ouabain, phosphoenolpyruvate and glucose-6-phosphate enhance protein phosphokinase activity. Protein kinase which is membrane bound is unable to use exogenous protein (histone) as a substrate and phosphorylates specific proteins in the membranes. These proteins have been partially characterized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01870640
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of the metacerebral giant neuron in the feeding behavior ofPleurobranchaea (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 116 (1977), S. 129-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The metacerebral giant (MCG) neurons of the molluskPleurobranchaea have been analyzed using a wide range of methods (cobalt staining, histochemical, biophysical and electrophysiological) on several types of preparations (isolated nervous systems, semi-intact preparations, and behaving whole-animal preparations). The MCG is serotonergic. The bilaterally-symmetrical neurons have somata in the anterior brain. Each MCG neuron sends an axon out the ipsilateral mouth nerve of the brain and also into the ipsilateral cerebrobuccal connective which descends to the buccal ganglion. The descending axon sends one or more branches out most buccal nerves. The MCG makes mono- and polysynaptic chemical excitatory and inhibitory connections with identified feeding motoneurons in the buccal ganglion. In quiescent preparations (isolated CNS or semi-intact), MCG stimulation caused coordinated eversion activity followed immediately by withdrawal activity. During an ongoing feeding rhythm (spontaneous output or induced by stimulation of the stomatogastric nerve), tonic stimulation of one or both MCG's at physiological discharge frequencies typically caused a significant increase in the frequency of the rhythm, and usually emphasized the eversion component at the expense of the withdrawal component. Phasic stimulation of one or both MCG's at physiological discharge frequencies and in normal discharge patterns (bursts; see below) accelerated and phaselocked the feeding rhythm. The MCG neurons receive synaptic feedback from identified neurons in the feeding network. Brain motoneurons are reciprocally coupled with the MCG by non-rectifying electrical synapses, while buccal ganglion neurons (the previously identified corollary discharge neurons) inhibit the MCG. Recordings from the MCG during cyclic feeding show that it discharges cyclically and that its membrane potential oscillates in phase with the feeding rhythm, presumably reflecting the above synaptic feedback. Two biophysical properties of the MCG membrane, namely anomalous rectification and postspike conductance increase, are presumed to contribute to the MCG's oscillatory activity. Chemosensory (food stimuli) and mechanosensory inputs from the oral veil excite the MCG's. In whole-animal preparations, these sensory inputs typically cause discharge in the MCG's and other descending neurons, accompanied by feeding motor output. The data collectively suggest that the MCG's ofPleurobranchaea are members of a population of neurons that normally function to command (i.e., arouse, initiate and sustain) the rhythmic feeding behavior. The demonstrated central feedback to the MCG is presumed to amplify these command functions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00605400
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modification of the behavioral hierarchy ofPleurobranchaea (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 117 (1977), S. 99-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. Unrelated acts of behavior inPleurobranchaea are organized into a behavioral hierarchy (Fig. 1), in which feeding behavior takes precedence over righting behavior and over withdrawal of the head and oral veil from tactile stimulation. The present paper examines the effect on the behavioral hierarchy of one form of experience that affects feeding motivation, namely, food satiation. 2. Feeding specimens to satiation with raw squid increased the threshold of the feeding response measured using dilutions of squid homogenate (Fig. 4). These and the following effects of satiation were determined by comparing experimental (sated) to control (unsated) specimens using a “blind” experimental protocol, and were evident within minutes of satiation (Figs. 15, 16). 3. Application of squid homogenate before and at various times after satiation suppressed righting behavior (Figs. 5, 6), whether or not feeding behavior occurred (Fig. 6). 4. Strong tactile stimulation of the oral veil with a constant-strength mechanical stimulator (Fig. 2) caused withdrawal of the head and oral veil. This response remained constant over 10 trials repeated every 60 s (Fig. 3). In unsated specimens, the presentation of squid homogenate reduced the withdrawal response to 50–75% of control values (Figs. 7, 9), providing a quantitative demonstration of the dominance of feeding over withdrawal. Application of squid homogenate at various times after satiation did not suppress withdrawal (Figs. 7, 9) unless active feeding behavior occurred (Figs. 8, 10). 5. The data show that the usual dominance of feeding behavior over righting behavior is independent of feeding motivation and dependent only on the presence of chemosensory stimuli that cause feeding. In contrast, the usual dominance of feeding behavior over withdrawal is dependent on the execution of feeding behavior. 6. These behavioral observations suggest a dual cellular mechanism for the dominant position of feeding in the behavioral hierarchy (Fig. 17): direct inhibition of subordinate behaviors by sensory pathways that cause the dominant behavior (in the case of feeding versus righting); and inhibition of subordinate behaviors by central neurons that control the dominant behavior (in the case of feeding versus withdrawal).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00605525
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Properties of a high-affinity cytokinin-binding protein from wheat germ (1978)
    Springer
    Planta 139 (1978), S. 139-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Cytokinin binding ; Glycoprotein ; Triticum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A soluble protein that interacts with a range of cytokinins was extensively purified from wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germ. This protein has a K d for kinetin of 2×10-7 M. The binding of kinetin to the protein is inhibited by low concentrations of synthetic and naturally-occurring cytokinins including N6-benzyladenine, N6-benzyladenosine, kinetin riboside, N6-dimethylallyladenine, N6-dimethylallyladenosine, zeatin, zeatin riboside, N6-dimethyladenine and N6-dimethyladenosine. Adenine, adenosine and several non-N6-substituted adenine derivatives were ineffective as inhibitors of kinetin binding. While N6-butyryl-3′,5′-cyclic AMP, N6,2-O′-dibutyryl-3′,5′-cyclic AMP and 2′,3′-cyclic AMP inhibited binding of kinetin to the protein, 3′,5′-cyclic AMP was ineffective. The kinetin-binding protein is heat-labile and pronase-sensitive. Kinetin-binding activity exactly co-chromatographs with a single peak of carbohydrate and protein on gel-filtration and is displaced from concanavalin A-Sepharose 4B by α-methylglucoside. On gel filtration, the kinetin-binding protein behaves as a soluble protein with an apparent molecular weight of 180,000 daltons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00387139
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