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  • AEROSPACE MEDICINE  (7)
  • 1990-1994  (1)
  • 1975-1979  (6)
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  • 1
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    Metabolic cost of extravehicular activities (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The Skylab zero-g extravehicular activity data is of particular interest when it is considered in combination with the Apollo and Gemini data. The energy cost of extravehicular activity from Gemini through Skylab is discussed.
    Keywords: AEROSPACE MEDICINE
    Type: Biomed. Results from Skylab; p 395-399
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Metabolism and heat dissipation during Apollo EVA periods (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-12
    Description: The extravehicular activity life support equipment, suit temperature control, metabolic rate measurement methods, and energy production are discussed. The Apollo crewmen were able to perform planned extravehicular activities and to extend them to the maximum time allowable without medical problems. The metabolic rates experienced during the lunar surface extravehicular activities were lower than conservative premission estimates. A manually controlled liquid cooling garment was effectively used to minimize fatigue and water loss from sweating during lunar surface extravehicular activities. Gas cooling was adequate during the short zero-g extravehicular activities performed from the command module. The prediction of EVA workloads became more reliable as inflight data was accumulated. The prediction of the average metabolic cost of an EVA was more reliable than the cost of an individual short-term task.
    Keywords: AEROSPACE MEDICINE
    Type: Biomedical Results of Apollo; p 115-128
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  • 3
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    Physical forces generating acceleration, vibration, and impact (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The physiological effects of forces resulting in radial acceleration, sustained linear acceleration, impact, or vibration are identified. Tolerance limits are presented for these forces.
    Keywords: AEROSPACE MEDICINE
    Type: The Physiol. Basis for Spacecraft Environ. Limits; p 71-107
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  • 4
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    Environmental factors (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-12
    Description: The selection of an Apollo spacecraft atmosphere was based on the establishment of an acceptable range of atmospheric composition and pressure, the establishment of acceptable carbon dioxide levels, thermal comfort criteria, and acceleration and impact limits. The prime design requirements in a spacecraft system are minimum weight, volume, power usage, reliability, ease of maintenance, environmental compatibility, integration with other systems, and crew compatibility. The selection considerations are reviewed.
    Keywords: AEROSPACE MEDICINE
    Type: Biomedical Results of Apollo; p 129-139
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  • 5
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    Thermal environment (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The physiological effects, discomfort, and performance degradation associated with an imbalanced thermal environment are discussed. Temperature tolerance limits are set using thermoregulation models and experimental results. The effects of interacting environmental factors, individual variations, and exposure duration on tolerance limits are considered.
    Keywords: AEROSPACE MEDICINE
    Type: The Physiol. Basis for Spacecraft Environ. Limits; p 57-69
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  • 6
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    The effect of differences in time to detection of circulating microbubbles on the risk of decompression sickness (1992)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Circulating microbubbles (CMB) are frequently detected prior to the appearance of symptoms of Decompression Sickness (DCS). It is difficult to analyze the effect of CMB on symptoms due to differences in the time to detection of CMB. This paper uses survival analysis models to evaluate the risk of symptoms in the presence of CMB. Methods: Information on 81 exposures to an altitude of 6,400 m (6.5 psi) for a period of three hours, with simulated extravehicular activities, was examined. The presence or absence of CMB was included as a time dependent covariate of the Cox proportional hazards regression model. Using this technique, the subgroup of exposures with CMB was analyzed further. Mean (S.D.) time in minutes to onset of CMB and symptoms were 125 (63) and 165 (33) respectively, following the three hours exposure. The risk of symptoms (17/81) increased 14 times in the presence of CMB, after controlling for variations in time to detection of CMB. Further, the risk was lower when time to detection of CMB was greater than 60 minutes (risk ratio = 0.96; 95 percent confidence intervals = 0.94 - 0.99 0.99 P less than 0.01) compared to CMB before 60 minutes at altitude. Conclusions: Survival analysis showed that individual risk of DCS changes significantly due to variations in time to detection of CMB. This information is important in evaluating the risk of DCS in the presence of CMB.
    Keywords: AEROSPACE MEDICINE
    Type: Aerospace Medical Association, Aerospace Medical Association 63rd Annual Scientific Meeting Program; 1 p
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  • 7
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    The physiological basis for spacecraft environmental limits (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Limits for operational environments are discussed in terms of acceptable physiological changes. The environmental factors considered are pressure, contaminants, temperature, acceleration, noise, rf radiation, and weightlessness.
    Keywords: AEROSPACE MEDICINE
    Type: NASA-RP-1045 , S-487
    Format: application/pdf
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