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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 27 (1976), S. 560-568 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Precipitation and corrosion behaviour of unstabilized and stabilized 18 10 CrNi steels after short term sensibilizing annealingThe authors have studied the precipitation behaviour of the steels X5 CrNi 18 9, X10CrNiTi 18 9 and X 10CrNiNb 18 9 after solution and sensibilization annealing, and the intercrystalline corrosion behaviour in the Straußtest. On the basis of the results obtained it was possible to determine the and carbonitrides and to define the grain segregation ranges. In the case of the unstabilized materials the behaviour is a function of the formation of chromium depleted zones. However, it is not absolute value of the depletion at the carbid/austenite interphase which controls corrosion, but the depletion in an adjacent zone of measurable thickness. Beyond that the Huey test allows the corrosion susceptibility to be determined in those regions where no continuous chromium depleted zone exists. In the case of stabilized steels the corrosion behaviour depends in addition from carbonitride precipitation, since these compounds are heavily attacked by the boiling nitride acid.
    Notes: Die Verfasser untersuchten das Ausscheidungsverhalten der Stähle X 5 CrNi 18 9, X 10CrNiTi 18 9 und X 10CrNiNb 18 9 nach Lösungs- und Sensibilisierungsglühen sowie das Verhalten gegen interkristalline Korrosion im Strauß-Versuch. Aufgrund der Ergebnisse konnte die Art der Ausscheidungen bestimmt werden (Karbid M23C6 und Karbonitride) und auch die Kornzerfallsbereiche konnten definiert werden. Im Falle des nichtstabilisierten Materials ist das Verhalten abhängig von der Bildung von chromveramten Zonen; dabei ist jedoch nicht die absolute Höhe der Verarmung an der Grenzfläche Kabid/Austenit ausschlaggebend, sondern vielmehr die Verarmung in einer Zone meßbarer Dicke. Im Huey-Versuch läßt sich außerdem die Korrosionsanfälligkeit in den Zonen ermitteln, wo keine zusammenhängende Chromverarmungszone vorliegt. Im Falle der stabilisierten Stähle ist das Korrosionsverhalten außerdem abhängig von der Karbonitridausscheidung, da diese Ausscheidungen von der siedenden Salpetersäure stark angegriffen werden.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 24 (1997), S. 875-892 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: adaptive parallel multigrid method ; local refinement criteria ; incompressible Navier-Stokes equations ; hole pressure problem ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In this paper an adaptive parallel multigrid method and an application example for the 2D incompressible Navier-Stokes equations are described. The strategy of the adaptivity in the sense of local grid refinement in the multigrid context is the multilevel adaptive technique (MLAT) suggested by Brandt. The parallelization of this method on scalable parallel systems is based on the portable communication library CLIC and the message-passing standards: PARMACS, PVM and MPI. The specific problem considered in this work is a two-dimensional hole pressure problem in which a Poiseuille channel flow is disturbed by a cavity on one side of the channel. Near geometric singularities a very fine grid is needed for obtaining an accurate solution of the pressure value. Two important issues of the efficiency of adaptive parallel multigrid algorithms, namely the data redistribution strategy and the refinement criterion, are discussed here. For approximate dynamic load balancing, new data in the adaptive steps are redistributed into distributed memories in different processors of the parallel system by block remapping. Among several refinement criteria tested in this work, the most suitable one for the specific problem is that based on finite-element residuals from the point of view of self-adaptivity and computational efficiency, since it is a kind of error indicator and can stop refinement algorithms in a natural way for a given tolerance. Comparisons between different global grids without and with local refinement have shown the advantages of the self-adaptive technique, as this can save computer memory and speed up the computing time several times without impairing the numerical accuracy. © 1997 By John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids 24, 875-892, 1997.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0935-9648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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