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  • 1
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Past studies of cosmological γ-ray bursts (GRBs) have been hampered by their extreme distances, resulting in faint afterglows. A nearby GRB could potentially shed much light on the origin of these events, but GRBs with a redshift z ≤ 0.2 have been estimated to occur only rarely, about ...
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of chemical information and modeling 19 (1979), S. 51-55 
    ISSN: 1520-5142
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Computing 23 (1979), S. 99-118 
    ISSN: 1436-5057
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract The throughput of a computer system depends especially on the performance of the secondary storage. In order to evaluate performance it is necessary to have models of drum and disk storage units. A good summary of the existing models is given in [2]. In the present paper an analytical and a simulation model for paging drums with the scheduling policies FIFO and SATF are developed. With these models it is possible to calculate variables which are important for the evaluation of system performance such as access time, system time and throughput. The model considers in addition to the usual parameters such as number of tracks, number of sectors and rotation time the probability that a page request is a read request or a write request. A write request always references the next unoccupied page of the drum. This is not considered in [1] and [2], in [4] it is considered but the results are inaccurate because of an incorrect assumption. From the results of the present paper we can see how important this differentiation is. The occupancy level of the drum is considered for the first time. It is shown, that the occupancy level influences the results only if it is close to one, but then the influence is considerable.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Der Durchsatz einer Rechenanlage hängt in kritischer Weise von der Leistungsfähigkeit der Sekundärspeicher ab. Aus diesem Grunde wurden bereits früh Modelle zur Bestimmung des Systemverhaltens dieses Speichertyps entwickelt. Einen Überblick über die bisherigen Ergebnisse gibt [2]. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird ein Modell für Paging-Trommeln mit den Auswahlstrategien SATF und FIFO entwickelt, das die Bestimmung wichtiger Systemgrößen, wie Zugriffszeit (Zeit zwischen der Beendigung eines Seitentransfers bis zum Beginn eines neuen), Gesamtbedienzeit (Zeit zwischen dem Auftreten einer Seitenanforderung und dem vollständig beendeten Transfer) und Durchsatz (transferierte Seiten pro Zeiteinheit) ermöglicht. Das Modell berücksichtigt neben den üblichen Trommelparametern, wie Anzahl der Spuren, Anzahl der Sektoren und Umdrehungszeit, vor allem die Wahrscheinlichkeit, daß eine Seitenanforderung eine Lese-bzw. Schreiboperation ausführen will, wobei eine Schreiboperation immer auf die nächste freie Kachel ausgeführt wird. Dieser Sachverhalt wurde in [1] und [2] nicht berücksichtigt; in [4] wird er zwar berücksichtigt, doch sind die Ergebnisse auf Grund einer fehlerhaften Annahme ungenau. Die Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit zeigen, wie bedeutsam diese Unterscheidung ist. Weiterhin wird zusätzlich der Belegungsgrad der Trommel berücksichtigt; dabei zeigt sich, daß dieser nur bei sehr großen Werten einen Einfluß hat, dann allerdings einen sehr deutlichen. Es wurde ein Simulations- und ein analytisches Modell erstellt. die Ergebnisse der beiden Modelle stimmen in fast allen untersuchten Fällen innerhalb der statistischen Grenzen überein. Die teilweise ungenügende Übereinstimmung bei der Strategie SATF lä\t sich auf den „Schneepflugeffekt” [1] zurückführen. Das analytische Modell wird für die beiden Fälle konstante Anzahl von Seitenanforderungen in der Warteschlange und exponentiell verteilte Zwischenankunftsabstände der Seitenanforderungen entwickelt. Dies ist häufig eine brauchbare Approximation. Um festzustellen, wann dies der Fall ist bzw. wann man auf Grund von Genauigkeitsforderungen Simulationsmodelle, die beliebige Verteilung zulassen, verwenden muß, werden die Abweichungen untersucht, die auftreten, wenn keine der beiden Verteilungen vorliegt.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Communications in mathematical physics 68 (1979), S. 275-289 
    ISSN: 1432-0916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We show that the fast motion iteration method in General Relativity gives an asymptotic approximation to exact solutions of the reduced Einstein equations. Rigorous estimates of the error commited at each step of the iteration are derived.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 63 (1976), S. 583-584 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Keywords: PACS. 75.10.Jm Quantized spin models – 75.40.Cx Static properties (order parameter, static susceptibility, heat capacities, critical exponents, etc.) – 75.50.Ee Antiferromagnetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: A pronounced Curie-like upturn of the magnetic susceptibility χ( T ) of the quasi one-dimensional spin chain compound Ba2V3O9 has been found recently [#!kaul:02!#]. Frequently this is taken as a signature for a staggered field mechanism due to the presence of g-factor anisotropy and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. We calculate this contribution within a realistic structure of vanadium 3 d- and oxygen 2 p-orbitals and conclude that this mechanism is far too small to explain experimental results. We propose that the Curie term is rather due to a segmentation of spin chains caused by broken magnetic bonds which leads to uncompensated S = ½ spins of segments with odd numbers of spins. Using the finite-temperature Lanczos method we calculate their effective moment and show that ∼ 1% of broken magnetic bonds is sufficient to reproduce the anomalous low-T behavior of χ( T ) in Ba2V3O9.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 11 (1976), S. 281-284 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 51
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Nearly frozen oxygen dissociation relaxation has been investigated behind oblique shocks. Photographs of the shock have been taken and density profiles of the relaxation zones have been measured by means of a multibeam-laser-differential interferometer. Calculations of the relaxation zones with different published dissociation rate coefficients have been done for evaluating the experiments.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    General relativity and gravitation 8 (1977), S. 915-953 
    ISSN: 1572-9532
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A classification scheme for boundary points of incomplete space-times is described. For all classes explicit examples are presented to illustrate the different behaviour of the geometry near those boundary points.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    General relativity and gravitation 10 (1979), S. 981-982 
    ISSN: 1572-9532
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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