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  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (16)
  • 42.75
  • 2000-2004  (2)
  • 1975-1979  (14)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 0306-042X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The α-and β-forms of permethylated 1,3-, 1,4- and 1,6-linked N-acetylglucosaminyl-N-acetylglucosaminitol disaccharides have been analysed directly (without hydrolysis or further modifications) by combined gas-liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Gas-liquid chromatography facilitated the separation of the α- and β-isomers of each disaccharide pair. In every case, the respective α-form was slower than the β-form. While, additionally, the α- and β-forms of the 1,6-linked glucosamine disaccharide could be separated from those of the 1,3- and 1,4-linked disaccharides, the α- and β-forms of the latter two could not be resolved from each other with the liquid phases used. All three disaccharides could be readily differentiated and characterized by mass spectrometry, however. Specific fragments for each glucosamine disaccharide could be defined. Therefore, combined gas-liquid chromatography mass spectrometry allowed an unequivocal determination of the anomeric configuration and the position of the glycosidic linkage in the glucosamine disaccharides.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0306-042X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The methyl ethers of a number of hydroxylated (poly)chlorodibenzo-p-dioxins, chlorodibenzofurans, chlorodiphenyl ethers and chloronaphthalenes, representing all different hydroxy substitutions, were synthesized and their mass spectra investigated. With the exception of the methoxy derivatives of the chlorodibenzofurans, it appeared that the mass fragmentation patters of the structural isomers of each class of compounds were very specifica and allowed unambiguous assignment of the position of the methoxy group in the molecule. The different fragmentation patterns can be explained in terms of plausible mechanisms resulting in stable charge delocalized (oxonium) ions. Because of its diagnostic value, this method is useful in the structure elucidation of hydroxylated metabolites of pure isomers of chlorodibenzo-p-dioxins, chlorodiphenyl ethers and chloronaphthalenes.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1H and 13C n.m.r. studies of a series of twelve 1,2-dithiole-3-ylidene ketones and aldehydes have shown that the geometry of the carbon backbone is the same as found in 1,6,6aλ4-trithiapentalenes. No evidence has been found which favours a bicyclic structure for the system. A linear correlation of observed 13C chemical shifts with calculated charge densities is found to be valid. The observations are in agreement with a structure which is a hybrid between a true ketonic structure and a true mesoionic structure.By using the difference in the 13C chemical shifts of ortho and meta carbon atoms in substituent phenyl groups it is possible to qualify the degree of coplanarity of the phenyl groups with the backbone of the molecule.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The C-2 - N bond of 2-N,N-dimethylaminopyrylium cations has a partial π character due to the conjugation of the nitrogen lone-pair with the ring. The values of ΔG≠, ΔH≠, ΔS≠ parameters related to the corresponding hindered rotation have been determined by 13C NMR total bandshape analysis. This conjugation decreases the electrophilic character of carbon C-4 so that the displacement of the alkoxy group is no longer possible. Such a hindered rotation also exists in 4-N,N-dimethylaminopyrylium cations and the corresponding ΔG≠ parameters have been evaluated. Comparison of these two cationic species shows that hindered rotation around the C - N bond is larger in position 4 than in position 2. Furthermore, the barrier to internal rotation around the C-2—N bond decreases with increasing electron donating power of the substituent at position 4. ΔG≠ values decreases from 19.1 kcal mol-1 (79.9 kJ mol-1) to 12.6 kcal mol-1 (52.7 kJ mol-1) according to the following sequence for the R-4 substituents: -C6H5, -CH3, -OCH3, -N(CH3)2.
    Notes: Dans les cations N,N-diméthylamino-2 pyrylium, la conjugaison du doublet de l'azote avec le cycle confère à la liaison C-2—N un caractère partiel de double liaison. Les valeurs des paramètres ΔG≠, ΔH≠ ΔS≠ relatifs à l'empěchement de rotation correspondant ont été déterminées par analyse de la forme des bandes. Cette conjugaison diminue le caractère électrophile du carbone C-4, ce qui rend impossible les réactions de transalcoylation. Dans les cations N,N-diméthylamino-4 pyrylium il existe de měme une barrière de rotation autour de la liaison C-4—N, dont les paramètres ΔG≠ ont été évalués. La comparaison de ces deux types de cations montre que l'empěchement de rotation autour de la liaison C—N est plus important en position 4 qu'en position 2. Par ailleurs, plus le substituant en position 4 est électrodonneur, moins la barrière de rotation autour de la liaison C-2—N est élevée: la valeur du paramètre ΔG≠ décroǐt de 19,1 kcal mol-1 (79,9 kJ mol-1) à 12,6 kcal mol-1 (52,7 kJ mol-1) selon l'ordre suivant des substituants R-4: -C6H5, -CH3, -OCH3, -N(CH3)2.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 11 (1976), S. 458-467 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The loss of water from the molecular ion of 2-adamantanol was investigated using specifically labelled deuterium derivatives, and, in particular that stereospecifically labelled in position 4. Water is lost predominantly in a stereospecific 1, 3 fashion by two clearly distinguishable mechanisms. Determination of metastable ion characteristics proved to be essential for drawing this distinction.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Reactivity differences between odd ([M]+) and even electron ions (α-cleavage product) were studied by comparing water elimination mechanisms in 6-undecanol. The compounds specifically labelled with deuterium in positions 6, 5 + 7, 4 + 8 and 3 + 9 were made, and a detailed investigation of tghe metastable ion transitions carried out. A highly specific 1,4 elimination of water without preceding intramolecular hydrogen exchange occurs from [M]+, but equal amounts of 1,3 and 1,4 elimination of water preceded by specific hydrogen exchange between -OH and the hydrocarbon chain occurs from the α-cleavage ion [M - C5H11]+. To make such distinctions a thorough examination of metastable ions is essential.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 6 (1977), S. 117-122 
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: It is shown that application of the Compton scattering method for matrix correction in the X-ray fluorescence spectrometric determination of the trace elements Rb and Sr in rock samples can provide concentrations at a relative accuracy level of 1%. The empirical method applies to rock samples showing differences in mass absorption up to a factor of two. The accuracy of the method has been tested by analysis of 57 samples analysed for Rb and Sr by mass spectrometric isotope dilution. In addition a few of the U.S. Geological Survey (U.S.G.S.) reference rock powders, showing significantly different mass absorption, were analysed for Rb and Sr. It is demonstrated that the mica effect, if significant, is smaller than 1% relative. There is no advantage in the use of the LiF(220) analysing crystal as a substitute for the LiF(200). The method appears to be insensitive to the pellet thickness.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 12 (1977), S. 297-301 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of hexafluorobenzene, hexafluorobicyclo[2.2.0]hexa-2,5-diene (perfluoro-Dewar benzene) and 1,1,1,6,6,6-hexafluorohexa-2,4-diyne, and the fragmentation mechanisms of their parent ions are reported. The behaviour of the two cyclic isomers under electron impact is very similar; the linear one behaves quite differently. The ionization potentials of the molecules and the appearance potentials of the fragment ions (both normal and metastable) have been measured. The heats of formation of [C6F5]+ and [C5F3]+ are calculated. A value for the heat of formation of 1,1,1,6,6,6-hexafluorohexa-2,4-diyne is proposed.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 12 (1977), S. 330-333 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: It is reported that ions gererated in the gas phase by dissociative electron attachment to nitrous oxide react with propyne-d3 (trideuteromethyl acetylene) to yield the ions ĊD=C=CH, ĊD2—C≡C-, -CD2C≡CH and CD3C≡C-. From their differing reactivity with methyl formate it is suggested that these four ions are distinct stable species.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 2 (1979), S. 11-14 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Liquid chromatography ; Fluorescence ; Ion-pair extraction ; Amines ; Post-column reaction ; Auto-analyser ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A detection system is described which is based on fluorescent ion-pair formation between tertiary amine drugs and dimethoxyanthracene sulphonate. A dynamic micro-extraction principle is then used to isolate the ion-pairs from the excess reagent. The band broadening of this extraction detector was kept below 20% using standard auto-analyser equipment. With the enhanced selectivity and sensitivity of this approach it was possible to analyse chloropheniramine in urine at ppb concentrations using a pre-column clean-up trace enrichment step.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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