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  • Springer  (44)
  • 2015-2019  (20)
  • 1980-1984  (10)
  • 1975-1979  (14)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2020-11-25
    Description: This chapter provides an overview of last two decades, European experiences in educational seismology and describes the different contexts in which they have been developed. The basic idea of these educational projects is that Seismology may represent an efficient communication vehicle for teaching a wide range of basic Earth sci-ence topics through laboratory practices and educational activities. Moreover it is also an effective tool to raise in the young citizens the awareness on the earthquake risk and possible mitigation actions. In this frame several seismic stations with different technologies were installed in schools across Europe. The scientific support of re-searchers and the need to establish strong links between teachers and researchers attribute to the school an active role in the knowledge process using the scientific laboratory practice by adopting the “learning by doing” modern approach of science communication (R. Schank and C. Cleary, 1995, Engines for Education, Ed. Routledge, 248 pp). Some educational activities correlated with seismological projects are presented, following different strategies depending on the country, but all aimed at building a new way to communicate science in the schools. The new vogue is the opening toward social networks and blogs. This generalizes the concept of an educational Geoscience website making it an e-platform for science communication and multimedia data sharing, where researchers, teachers, students and education op-erators can interact and constantly be kept informed of ongoing activities and relevant events. All of these 'seismology at school' initiatives rely on the concept of school networking and will merge in the European project NERA (Network of European Research Infrastructures for Earthquake Risk Assessment and Mitigation, http://www.nera-eu.org/) where a spe-cific workpackage is dedicated to networking school seismology programs.
    Description: Published
    Description: 145-170
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: educational seismology ; educational projects ; learning by doing ; science communication ; school seismology ; 05. General::05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues::05.03.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 57 (1980), S. 201-219 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Using atomic absorption spectroscopy, exceptionally high concentrations of iron (778 to 82,363 μg g+1 dry weight) and zinc (219 to 4,183 μg g+1 dry weight) were detected in the livers of Dugong dugon (Müller) from north Queensland compared with reported values for other marine mammals from other areas of the world. Levels of copper (9.1 to 608 μg g+1 dry weight), cadmium (〈0.1 to 59 μg g+1 dry weight), cobalt (0.5 to 72 μg g+1 dry weight) and silver (0.2 to 39 μg g+1 dry weight) in the liver, and cadmium (0.2 to 209 μg g+1 dry weight) in the kidney were also relatively high in several samples, whilst concentrations of nickel, lead and chromium were consistently below the limits of detection in all tissues. Manganese concentrations, in all tissues examined, were generally comparable with those reported from other marine mammals. Tissue concentrations of a number of metals varied with the age of the dugong. Levels of iron, zinc, cadmium and cobalt in the liver zinc and cadmium in the kidney, and iron in the muscle were significantly positively correlated with age. Copper and manganese in both liver and kidney were negatively correlated with age. Large deposits of the iron-rich pigment, haemosiderin, the quantity of which also tended to increase with age, was a conspicuous feature of the livers of all the post-natal dugongs examined histologically. It seems unlikely that the unusual metal status of the dugong reflects anthropogenic activities, since many individuals were collected in remote areas far from major sites of urbanization and industrialization. Seagrasses, the major food of dugongs, were collected from various north Queensland dugong habitat-areas and analysed. Very high concentrations of iron but low levels of copper were detected. The significance of such dietary imbalances and their possible influence on the metal status of the dugong were therefore considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Saccostrea echinata (Quoy and Gaimard) were exposed to 10 μg 1-1 of either mercury, cadmium or lead at 30 °C, 36‰S; 30 °C, 20‰S; 20°C, 36‰S and 20°C, 20‰S for 30 d and were then transferred to clean seawater for a further 30 d to depurate. Specimens were removed at regular intervals during the exposure and depuration periods, dissected into gills, mantle, visceral mass and adductor, and analysed for the appropriate metal by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Mercury was concentrated more than the other metals in all tissues under all conditions. Cadmium uptake was greater than lead in all tissue in the high-temperature experiments, whereas both metals were concentrated to similar extents at low temperature. The gill tissue generally accumulated the greatest amount of all 3 metals, whilst the adductor concentrated the least amount. At both salinities, mercury and cadmium accumulation by all tissues was significantly greater at the higher temperature whereas lead uptake was only marginally increased. The accumulation rates of mercury at high temperature were significantly greater in all tissues at low compared with high salinity, whereas at low temperature, differences were not significant. Accumulation rates of cadmium and lead in the majority of tissues examined were significantly greater in lowsalinity water at both temperatures. In general, lead was lost the most rapidly from oyster tissues, followed by mercury and then cadmium. The residence times for mercury and cadmium differed significantly between tissues, with the gills showing the highest turnover rate. In contrast, residence times for lead were similar between tissues. Losses of all 3 metals from oyster tissues were not obviously influenced by temperature and only mercury losses differed significantly between salinities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 18 (1980), S. 175-183 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: amoxycillin ; pharmacokinetics ; bedrest ; sleep ; ambulation ; renal clearance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of amoxycillin in normal male volunteers was studied during the states of bedrest, sleep and ambulation. The absorption and disposition of amoxycillin in ambulatory subjects was found to be comparable to that reported previously by other workers. Serum amoxycillin concentrations were found to be significantly greater during ambulation than during bedrest and sleep. The difference in serum levels resulted from an increased apparent total serum clearance and amoxycillin renal clearance during bedrest and sleep compared to ambulation. No significant differences in the clearance was found between the states of bedrest and sleep. The change in renal clearance of amoxycillin during ambulation was attributed to a diminished renal blood flow. Although the terminal half-life of amoxycillin did not differ significantly, the apparent volume of distribution appears to be much greater during bedrest and sleep than during ambulation. This difference could be explained pharmacokinetically using a two compartment model. No significant difference was found between the rates of absorption of amoxycillin as reflected by the lag time and time to peak serum amoxycillin. The actual values for these parameters would suggest, however, that the absorption of amoxycillin is faster during ambulation than in bedrest and that the absorption rate during sleep is slowest. The clinical implications of the effect of posture and sleep on the pharmacokinetics of amoxycillin are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 31 (1975), S. 260-262 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wird eine neue Ammoniak-Silber-Methode für das Färben menschlicher Chromosomen in der Metaphase beschrieben, wodurch die Satelliten aller 10 akrozentrischen Chromosomen zu unterscheiden sind.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromosoma 55 (1976), S. 81-84 
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The D and G group chromosomes from cultured human lymphocytes exhibit single and multiple satellite associations when stained with silver. Unlike earlier methods this simple and highly repeatable procedure shows physical attachments between satellited regions of various acrocentric autosomes. After studying 1,000 satellite associations from 118 normal individuals, it was found that both single and multiple associations occur with frequencies that correlate with random expectancies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromosoma 57 (1976), S. 165-169 
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Human metaphase chromosomes were stained with silver following a pretreatment with a heated alkaline solution. The most conspicuous feature of the stained metaphases was the omission of silver staining in the secondary constrictions of chromosomes 1, 9 and 16, and on the distal Yq. Our evidence indicates that the negative silver binding is due to the preferential removal or alteration of non-histone proteins associated with these regions. The cytochemical significance of these findings is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 14 (1975), S. 361-369 
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 46 (1975), S. 29-32 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Algae started colonizing branches of the coral Acropora aspera (Dana) killed by the sea star Acanthaster planci (Linnaeus) within less than 24 hours. Two blue-greens ((Microcoleus lyngbyaceus (Crouan) Ag. and Hormothamnion solutum B. & F.)) dominated the early community but became less abundant than a brown ((Giffordia indica (Sonder) Papenfuss & Chihara)) after 26 days.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In mammalian tissues, two types of regulation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex have been described: end product inhibition by acetyl CoA and NADH; and the interconversion of an inactive phosphorylated form and an active non-phosphorylated form by an ATP requiring kinase and a specific phosphatase. This article is largely concerned with the latter type of regulation of the complex in adipose tissue by insulin (and other hormones) and in heart muscle by lipid fuels. Effectors of the two inter-converting enzymes include pyruvate and ADP which inhibit the kinase, acetoin which activates the kinase and Ca2 + and Mg2 + which both activate the phosphatase and inhibit the kinase. Evidence is presented that all components of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex including the phosphatase and kinase are located within the inner mitochondrial membrane. Direct measurements of the matrix concentration of substrates and effectors is not possible by techniques presently available. This is the key problem in the identification of the mechanisms involved in the alterations in pyruvate dehydrogenase activity observed in adipose tissue and muscle. A number of indirect approaches have been used and these are reviewed. Most hopeful is the recent finding in this laboratory that in both adipose tissue and heart muscle, differences in activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase in the intact tissue persist during preparation and subsequent incubation of mitochondria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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