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  • 1980-1984  (9)
  • 1
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    Measurements of CF2Cl2, CFCl3, and N2O in the lower stratosphere between 2° S and 73° N latitude (1981)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Electronic ISSN: 2156-2202
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by American Geophysical Union
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
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    Measurement of stratospheric sulfur constituents (1981)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by American Geophysical Union
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 3
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    Precursor gases of aerosols in the Mount St. Helens eruption plumes at stratospheric altitudes (1982)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-04-12
    Description: Nineteen stratospheric samples from the eruption plumes of Mount St. Helens were collected in five flight experiments. The plume samples were collected at various altitudes from 13.1 to 20.7 km by using the Ames cryogenic sampling system on board the NASA U-2 aircraft. The enriched, cryogenically collected samples were analyzed by chromatography. The concentrations of aerosols precursor gases (OCS, SO2, and CS2), CH3Cl, N2O, CF2Cl2, and CFCl3 were measured by gas chromatography. Large enhancement of the mixing ratio of SO2 and moderate enhancement of CS2 and OCS were found in the plume samples compared with similar measurement under pre-volcanic conditions. A fast decay rate of the SO2 mixing ratio in the plume was observed. Measurement of Cl(-), SO2(2-), and NO3(-) by ion chromatography was also carried out on water solutions prepared from the plume samples. The results obtained with this technique imply large mixing ratios of HCl, (NO + NO2 + HNO3), and SO2, in which these constituents are the respective sources of the anions. Measurement of the Rn222 concentration in the plume was made. Other stratospheric constituents in the plume samples, such as H2O, CO2, CH4, and CO, were also observed.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Atmospheric Effects and Potential Climatic Impact of the 1980 Eruptions of Mt. St. Helens; p 47-54
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Measurements of stratospheric SO2 after the EL Chichon eruptions (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Samples of stratospheric trace gases were obtained on eight flights of NASA high-altitude aircraft from April 16 through December 13, 1982. The sampling occurred at altitudes from 15 to 22 km, latitudes from 23 to 52 deg N, and longitudes from 108 to 130 deg W. The cryogenically concentrated samples were analyzed by gas chromatography for SO2, a primary precursor of the gas-to-particle conversion process. The measured mixing ratio of SO2 varied between 8 and 132 pptv. Evidence from aerosol measurements indicates that a few of our early samples may have been collected in the fringes of the volcanic cloud from El Chichon. Samples obtained on some later flights may have been from the eruption cloud but were taken at times when most of the volcanically injected SO2 should have been converted to H2SO4.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276); 10; 1045-104
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Measurement of stratospheric sulfur constituents (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: New measurements of mixing ratios of OCS in the lower stratosphere at midlatitude (Northern California) and high-latitude (Alaska) locations are reported which are in essential agreement with previous results. Weak signals due to stratospheric SO2 have been detected, and the estimated mixing ratios ranged from 36 to 51 pptv at altitudes 15.2 to 20.3 km. A very weak signal observed in the analysis is thought to be due to CS2 and, if this identification is correct, an upper limit concentration is estimated to be 1 pptv.
    Keywords: ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
    Type: Geophysical Resarch Letters; 8; Jan. 198
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    Gaseous constituents in the plume from eruptions of Mount St. Helens (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Measurements in the stratosphere of gaseous constituents in the plume of Mount St. Helens were obtained during five flights of the NASA U-2 aircraft between 19 May and 17 June 1980. Mixing ratios from gas chromatographic measurements on samples acquired about 24 hours after the initial eruption show considerable enhancement over nonvolcanic concentrations for sulfur dioxide (more than 1000 times), methyl chloride (about 10 times), and carbon disulfide (more than 3 times). The mixing ratio of carbonyl sulfide was comparable to nonvolcanic mixing ratios although 3 days later it was enhanced two to three times. Ion chromatography measurements on water-soluble constituents are also reported. Very large concentrations of chloride, nitrate, and sulfate ions were measured, implying large mixing ratios for the water-soluble gaseous constituents from which the anions are derived. Measurements of radon-222 present in the plume are also reported.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Science; 211; Feb. 20
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    Measurements of CF2Cl2, CFCl3, and N2O in the lower stratosphere between 2 deg S and 73 deg N latitude (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Mixing ratios are presented for CF2Cl2, CFCl3, and N2O in the lower stratosphere. They are derived from measurements made on samples collected by a high-altitude aircraft during a survey in the northern hemisphere in the summer of 1977. The vertical distributions of the mixing ratios of these species show a decrease with increasing altitude and a marked decrease at a given altitude with increasing latitude from 2 deg S to 73 deg N latitude. These results agree with measurements at similar latitudes in the fall of 1976 and with results of other experiments. The experimental apparatus and procedures are described in greater detail than in previous papers.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 86; Aug. 20
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Experimental determination of the boundary layer at air-sample inlet positions on the NASA CV 990 aircraft (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Full-scale, in-flight measurements of the boundary-layer thickness, velocity profile, and flow angle have been made at several sample collection stations on the fuselage of the NASA CV 990. These results are given as functions of Mach number, Reynolds number, yaw, and angle of attack.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA PAPER 84-0028
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    Air-sampling inlet contamination by aircraft emissions on the NASA CV-990 aircraft (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Results of an experimental investigation of the contamination of air sampling inlets by aircraft emissions from the NASA CV-990 research aircraft are presented. This four-engine jet aircraft is a NASA facility used for many different atmospheric and meteorological experiments, as well as for developing spacecraft instrumentation for remote measurements. Our investigations were performed to provide information on which to base the selection of sampling locations for a series of multi-instrument missions for measuring tropospheric trace gases. The major source of contamination is the exhaust from the jet engines, which generate many of the same gases that are of interest in atmospheric chemistry, as well as other gases that may interfere with sampling measurements. The engine exhaust contains these gases in mixing ratios many orders of magnitude greater than those that occur in the clean atmosphere which the missions seek to quantify. Pressurized samples of air were collected simultaneously from a scoop located forward of the engines to represent clean air and from other multiport scoops at various aft positions on the aircraft. The air samples were analyzed in the laboratory by gas chromatography for carbon monoxide, an abundant combustion by-product. Data are presented for various scoop locations under various flight conditions.
    Keywords: AIR TRANSPORTATION AND SAFETY
    Type: AIAA PAPER 84-0029
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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