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  • 1980-1984  (3)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 113 (1980), S. 2760-2768 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Research on Glycoside Synthesis, XI. Preparation and Properties of AcylorthoestersCompounds with an acylorthoester structure 10a-e are prepared from 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl bromide and silver salts of carboxylic acids in tetrahydrofuran. Compound 10e with a 4-(4-biphenylyl)butyryl residue proved to be relatively stable above all. Substances of this type could be detected also as intermediates in the Koenigs-Knorr synthesis in the presence of silver salts of carboxylic acids. In the usual working up procedure of this reaction in the presence of water they are transformed into the hydroxy sugars 15a and b. With alcohols in a slow reaction the corresponding orthoesters 11 are formed. Acylorthoesters have been postulated by Winstein and his group7) as intermediates in reactions with neighbouring group participation. The reactivity found in our experiments corresponds far reaching to that proposed before. So 10e on heating is quantitatively transformed with trans-opening of the dioxolane ring into the trans-diacyl compound 9b. In the presence of strong acids in addition a cis-opening to 15c is possible.
    Notes: Aus 2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosylbromid und Silbersalzen von Carbonsäuren werden in Tetrahydrofuran Verbindungen mit einer Acylorthoester-Struktur 10a-e dargestellt. Als relativ stabil erwies sich vor allem die Verbindung 10e mit einem 4-(4-Biphenylyl)butyryl-Rest. Substanzen von diesem Strukturtyp wurden auch als Zwischenprodukte bei der Koenigs-Knorr-Synthese in Gegenwart von Silbersalzen von Carbonsäuren nachgewiesen; sie gehen bei der üblichen Aufarbeitung in Gegenwart von Wasser in die Hydroxyzucker 15a und b über. Mit Alkoholen bilden sich in langsamer Reaktion die entsprechenden Orthoester 11. Unsere Befunde stützen auch den von Winstein et al.7) bei Reaktionen unter Nachbargruppenbeteiligung postulierten Weg über Acylorthoester. So geht 10e beim Erhitzen quantitativ unter trans-Öffnung des Dioxolan Ringes in die trans-Diacylverbindung 9b über, während in Gegenwart starker Säuren auch ein cis-Öffnungsprodukt 15c entstehen kann.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 183 (1982), S. 1207-1218 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The thermal degradation of polydisperse polystyrene samples with mol. wts. (M̄n) between 60000 and 22000 has been investigated at different temperatures under oxygen free conditions. Product analysis has been carried out by GPC. The experimental degradation could be simulated by a model consisting of scission and depolymerization. The dynamical behaviour of this model is expressed in a matrix from. The ratio of scission and depolymerization is constant for all polymers and different temperatures during degradation. Therefore, a master curve could be evaluated, which gives a general relation between the decrease of mol. wt. and the mass of volatiles. Finally a radical chain mechanism has been proposed in a lumped form which is consistent with the kinetic model and the experimental results.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 185 (1984), S. 991-1001 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Thermal degradation of polystyrene (PS) was carried out in the absence of oxygen between 292 and 336°C. The formed volatile products were analysed qualitatively and quantitatively by means of gas charomatography. It was found that the composition of the volatile fraction is a function of conversion and independent of temperature for most of the products. A radical chain mechanism is proposed to explain these experimental results.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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