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  • Other Sources  (8)
  • 1980-1984  (8)
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  • 1
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    Earth rotation from lunar laser ranging (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The rotational orientation (Universal Time and the variation of latitude at McDonald Observatory, Texas) of the earth has been determined between mid 1970 and mid 1982 from McDonald Observatory lunar laser ranging (LLR) data. Universal Time, UT1, is calculated and supplied in three forms, the raw daily decomposition values, the Gaussian filtered values and the Fourier smoothed values. Formal error estimates are available for all three types. LLR can calculate corrections to one component of polar motion, the variation of latitude at McDonald Observatory. Modelling improvements have been applied here and a significant drop is seen in the residuals. The rms weighted residual for the entire thirteen year data span (3,326 'normal' points acquired between August 1969 and May 1982) is 18.7 cm.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series (ISSN 0365-0138); 54; 519-540
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  • 2
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    Tidal dissipation in the Earth and Moon from lunar laser ranging (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-01-25
    Description: The evolution of the Moon's orbit which is governed by tidal dissipation in the Earth while the evolution of its spin is controlled by its own internal dissipation is discussed. Lunar laser ranging data from August 1969 through May 1982 yields the values of both of these parameters. It is suggested that if the Moon was orbited the Earth since its formation, this must be an anomalously high value presumably due to changes in dissipation in the oceans due to continental drift. The explanation that the dissipation occurs at the interface between the mantle and a liquid core of shell is preferred.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar Planetary Inst. Conf. on the Origin of the Moon; p 31
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  • 3
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    Secular variation of earth's gravitational harmonic J2 coefficient from Lageos and nontidal acceleration of earth rotation (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Analysis of 5.5 years of Lageos satellite range data reveal significant residual nodal signatures: an acceleration and annual and semiannual periods. These signatures primarily reflect variations in the zonal gravitational harmonic J2 coefficient and hence the polar moment of inertia. The implied decrease of J2 = -3 x 10 to the -11th/yr is consistent with both historical observations of the nontidal acceleration of the earth's rotation and models of viscous rebound of the solid earth from the decrease in load due to the last deglaciation.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Nature (ISSN 0028-0836); 303; June 30
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  • 4
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    Short period tidal variations of earth rotation (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: It is explained that the tidal deformation of the earth's polar moment of inertia by the moon and sun cause periodic variations in rotation. The short period oscillations give rise to a meter-sized, diurnal signature in the lunar laser ranging data obtained at McDonald Observatory. A solution is given for the scale parameter k/C at fortnightly and monthly tidal frequencies. The results are compared with those obtained by other investigators and with a theoretical estimate which includes the effect of oceans and a decoupled fluid core.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
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  • 5
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    Results from lunar laser ranging data analysis (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The lunar laser range data taken at McDonald Observatory between Aug. 1969 and May 1980 has been analyzed. The simple rms residual for the 2954 ranges is 31 cm. Results of the analysis include GM(earth) = 398600.45 cu km/sec sq within 0.02 cu km/sec sq and a secular acceleration of the lunar orbital mean longitude of -23.8 arcsec/sq century within 1.5 arcsec, which yields a Q of 12.3 at semidiurnal frequencies. The lunar harmonic C30 is -8.7/1,000,000 within 0.000001 and the lunar rotational dissipation of 0.0047 within 0.0005 day. Also resulting from the solution are geocentric coordinates of McDonald accurate to 30 cm, including the first value for the longitude with the new IAU constants and a dynamical equinox.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: High-precision earth rotation and earth-moon dynamics: Lunar distances and related observations; May 22, 1981 - May 27, 1981; Alpes-Maritimes; France
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  • 6
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    Comparison of polar motion results using lunar laser ranging (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A comparison of polar motion results from three sources (Bureau International de l'Heure (BIH), Defense Mapping Agency Hydrographic/Topographic Center (DMAHTC-Doppler), the International Polar Motion Service (IPMS)) was performed using lunar laser ranging (LLR) data. The rms errors, both of the LLR data and of the determinations of polar motion by the three services, decreased in recent times. The BIH and Doppler polar motion are comparable in quality (12 + or - 6 cm for BIH values taken from August 1976 through May 1980, 14 + or - 7 cm for Doppler results taken from June 1977 through May 1980). The IPMS errors were substantially larger (33 + or - 7 cm for data taken from August 1976 through May 1980). All three analyses give 13 + or - 3 cm as an estimate for the combined LLR modeling, fitting, and instrumental error (noise) for the last four years.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: High-precision earth rotation and earth-moon dynamics: Lunar distances and related observations; May 22, 1981 - May 27, 1981; Alpes-Maritimes; France
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  • 7
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    An El Nino signal in atmospheric angular momentum and earth rotation (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Anomalously high values of atmospheric angular momentum and length of day were observed in late January 1983. This signal in the time series of these two coupled quantities appears to have been a consequence of the equatorial Pacific Ocean warming event of 1982-1983.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Science (ISSN 0036-8075); 225; 411-414
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  • 8
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    Intercomparison of lunar laser and traditional determinations of earth rotation (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Since August, 1969, ranges to one or more retroreflector arrays on the lunar surface have been measured by means of a laser procedure. Analysis of these measurements improves determination, not only of the orbit and librations of the moon, but also of the rotational parameters of the earth, including the X and Y coordinates of the terrestrial pole, and the true rotational angle of the earth with respect to atomic or to broadcast time. The considered approach for deriving the Universal Time 1 (UT1) involves two steps. During the first step the parameters of the lunar orbit and librations are solved along with the coordinates of the retroreflectors on the moon and of the observatory. Improved values of the Universal Time 0 (UT0) and range corrections at the observatory are obtained in the second step. Attention is given to lunar laser ranging (LLR), raw data in UT1, an harmonic analysis of the LLR UT1 data, and data obtained in 1980. The results provide UT1 with an accuracy of a factor of 2 or more better than was previously available from conventional astrometric data.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: High-precision earth rotation and earth-moon dynamics: Lunar distances and related observations; May 22, 1981 - May 27, 1981; Alpes-Maritimes; France
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