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  • 2000-2004  (14)
  • 1980-1984  (20)
  • 1950-1954  (11)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Electrical engineering 63 (1981), S. 247-252 
    ISSN: 1432-0487
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents Using numerical methods, the eddy current distribution is calculated in a conducting wedge induced by two exciting wires located symmetrical to the wedge. The complex equationsystem is solved by the relaxation-method of Gauß-Southwell and the solution is verified for the case of a conductiong semispace.
    Notes: Übersicht Für den Fall der symmetrisch zu einem leitenden Keil angeordneten, gegensinnig von sinusförmigem Wechselstrom durchflossenen Doppelleitung, wird mit Hilfe numerischer Methoden die Wirbelstromverteilung im Keil berechnet. Das entstehende komplexe Gleichungssystem wird nach dem Relaxationsverfahren von Gauß-Southwell gelöst und die Ergebnisse für den leitenden Halbraum kontrolliert.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 25 (1981), S. 95-103 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 74.70.Dg ; 74.60.-w ; 73.60.Ka
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have studied the influence of oxygen on the superconducting properties of thin films of lead, indium and tin deposited on glass or sapphire substrates. In addition, the morphological microstructure was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The film thickness was 1.0 μm, and the partial pressure of O2 during the film deposition was raised up to 1×10−4 Torr. In all three materials the development of a granular structure and a strong increase in the residual electric resistivity was observed due to the O2-treatment. Whereas in the Pb films no change of the critical temperature was found, the In films deposited on glass substrates showed a slight increase ofT c due to the oxygen. The strongest increase ofT c (up to 8%) was observed in the O2-treated Sn films. These results are discussed in terms of the McMillan theory. From our measurements of the critical current densityj c we conclude that edge pinning is dominant in the undoped films. All three materials showed a strong increase ofj c due to the O2-treatment which must be interpreted in terms of bulk pinning.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 6 (1951), S. 206-215 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The possibility of fractionation of p-cresol resins in organic solvents by addition of organic precipitating agents is proved by the average melting temperature, the analysis of carbon and hydrogen and the measuring of viscosity. The functions of \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \frac{{\eta _{sp} }}{{\rm c}} $\end{document}/c have minima, former observed with polyacrylic acid and desaminated albumen, but as far as we know. unknown at phenolic resins.The p-cresol resins were acetylated, transformed to urethanes by phenylisocyanate and methylated by diazomethene. Also the acetyl derivates and urethanes demonstrate the possibility of fractionation in organic solvents by organic precipitants.
    Notes: Die Möglichkeit der Fraktionierung von p-Kresol-Formaldehyd-Harzen in organischen Lösungsmitteln durch Zugabe von organischen Fällungsmitteln wird durch die mittlere Schmelztemperatur der Harz-Fraktionen, deren Elementaranalyse und durch ihr Viskositätsverhalten belegt. Die \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \frac{{\eta _{sp} }}{{\rm c}} $\end{document}/c-Funktionen zeigen Minima, die bei Polyacrylsäure und desaminierten Eiweißen schon beobachtet wurden, aber unseres Wissens bei Phenolharzen noch unbekannt sind.Es werden ferner Angaben gemacht über die Acetylierung, den Umsatz mit Phenylisocyanat zu Urethanen und die Methylierung mit Diazomethan. Auch die Untersuchung der Acetylderivate und Urethane zeigi. daß die Fraktionierung aus organischen Lösungsmitteln gelingt.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 13 (1954), S. 210-222 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Different diacyl peroxides, hydroperoxides, dialkylperoxides and peracids are used as components of Fe··-redox-systems to polymerize styrene in benzene at 50° C. The conversions so obtained are compared with those of peroxide-induced polymerization. In cases of brominated peroxides one can calculate from the bromine-content of the polymers the incorporated catalyzer-fragments. No bromine can be found in the polymer if one uses brombenzoperacid; therefore if must be assumed, that the chain-initiation ensues through OH-radicals.
    Notes: Verschiedene Diacylperoxyde, Hydroperoxyde, Dialkylperoxyde und Persären werden als Komponenten von Eisen-Redox-Systemen zur Polymerisation von Styrol in Benzol bei 50° C benutzt. Die erzielten Umsätze werden mit denen bei peroxydischer Polymerisation verglichen. Bei bromhaltigen Peroxyden kann aus dem Bromgehalt der Polymeren auf die Zahl der eingebauten peroxydischen Bruchstücke geschlossen werden. Dabei Anwendung von Brombenzopersäre kein Brom in den Polymeren nachzuweiseu ist, muß angenommen werden, daß der Kettenstart durch OH-Radikale erfolgt.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: N-Ethylaziridine (1) was polymerized in water with HCl as initiator and copolymerized with N-(2-hydroxyethyl)aziridine (2). Rapid propagation and termination reactions were observed. The maximum yield increases with the initiator concentration, whereas the molecular weight decreases. This is due to the difference in basicity between the tertiary N-atoms of the two monomers and the tertiary and the terminal secondary N-atoms of the polymers, which causes tranfer and termination reactions. Macrocycles with a side chain on a quaternary N-atom are formed. During the copolymerization, the more basic 1 is preferentially incorporated into the copolymer chain. The copolymerization parameters can be estimated roughly on the basis of basicity considerations: r1 〉 1; r2 〈 1. The ratio of the rate constants (propagation to termination) is lower for 1 than for 2. This is due to the fact that the basicity difference between the monomer and the tertiary N-atoms of the polymer is higher for 1 than for 2. By reaction of thionyl chloride with the copolymers the desired hydrochlorides of the N-(2-chloroethyl) derivatives are obtained. The neutralisation with alkali did not result the free bases, since the products formed are rather due to side reactions.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: In the polymerization of styrene and dimethyl butadiene 2,3 initiated by Fe2+ redox systems the peroxidal compound (diacyl peroxide) is permanently attached to the polymer. It is shown, that the number of incorporated, marked terminal groups in the polymerisation of styrene with p-bromobenzoylperoxide-Fe3+ benzoate-benzome is the same as in the peroxidal polymerization with p-bromobenzoyl peroxide. This evidence points to assuming that the peroxidal polymerization is also initiated by radicals which are formed by redox reaction between peroxide and monomer. In case of the polymer dimethyl butadiene all marked terminal groups which are formed in the Fe2+ redox catalized polymerization, are indicated to be ester groups.
    Notes: Bei der durch Eisen-Redox-Systeme ausgelösten Polymerisation von Styrol und von Dimethylbutadien -2.3 wird die peroxydische Komponente (Diacylperoxyd) in die Makromoleküle eingebaut. Es wird gezeigt, daß bei der Polymerisation des Styrols mit Dibrombenzoylperoxyd-Eisenbenzoat-Benzoin die Zahl der eingebauten, markierten Endgruppen die gleiche ist wie bei der peroxydischen Polymerisation mit Di-Brombenzoylperoxyd. Dies spricht dafür, daß auch die peroxydische Polymerisation durch Radikale ausgelöst wird, die bei einer Redox-Reaktion zwischen Peroxyd und Monomerem entstehen. Für das polymere Dimethylbutadien wurde nachgewiesen, daß alle markierten Endgruppen, die bei der eisen-redox-katalysierten Polymerisation gebildet werden, esterartig eingebaut sind.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 7 (1951), S. 46-61 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: This paper describes attempts to prepare soluble, rod-like molecules, the para-linked methyl-substituted polyphenylenes. The Ullmann reaction between 4.4′-di-iodo-3.3′-dimethyl-diphenyl and copper powder was carried out under varying conditions. The resulting soluble methylated polyphenylenes were fractionated and ultracentrifugal and osmotic pressure measurements indicated molecular weights up to 300000 for the highestmoleculare fractions. Cryoscopic measurements gave anomalous molecular weights. The results of the measurements of viscosity, sedimentation and diffusion are discussed with regard to the shape of these molecules. It appeared that the molecules obtained under these conditions, are neither rigid, nor rodlike. Side reactions probably give metalinked or branched products.
    Notes: Es werden Versuche geschildert, die zur Darstellung von löslichen, stäbchenförmigen Molekülen, nämlich para-verketteten, methylsubstituierten Polyphenylenen führen sollen. 4.4′-Dijod-3.3′-dimethyl-diphenyl wurde nach Ullmann mit Kupferpulver unter verschiedenen Bedingungen kondensiert und die erhaltenen löslichen, methylierten Polyphenylene fraktioniert. Ultrazentrifugale und osmotische Messungen ergeben für die höchstmolekularen Fraktionen Molekulargewichte bis zu 300000. Kryoskopische Untersuchungen liefern anomale Molekulargewichte. Die Ergebnisse der Viskositäts-, Sedimentations und Diffusionsmessungen werden im Hinblick auf die Gestalt der Moleküle diskutiert. Die unter den angewandten Reaktionsbedingungen erhaltenen Produkte sind vermutlich keine starren, stäbchenförmige Gebilde. Durch Nebenreaktionen entstehen vielleicht meta- Verknüpfungen oder Verzweigungen.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Proteins are precipitated quantitatively from aqueous acidic solutions by polyacrylic acids (P 200-400). The highpolymer substance can be removed after dissolving the symplexes at neutral PH as an insoluble Ba- or protamine-salt, whereupon the proteins are recovered in an undenatured state. The interactions of bovine serum albumin or globulin with the polylectrolyte were studied as a function of PH and polymer/protein ratio. Mixtures of both proteins and of the whole human serum proteins can be separated at PH 4,6 by gradually adding a solution of the polymer. After centrifuging, the fractions were examined by electrophoresis on filter paper. Kidney peptidase seems to be stable under the conditions of precipitation.
    Notes: Proteine lassen sich quantitativ aus wäßriger saurer Lösung durch Polyacrylsäuren (P 200-400) ausfällen. Die Symplexe lösen sich bei neutralem PH; nach Entfernung der hochpolymeren Säure als schwerlösliches Ba- oder Protaminsalz werden die Proteine undenaturiert zurückerhalten. Untersucht wurde die Abhängigkeit der ausgefällten Protein-menge vom PH und von der zugesetzten Menge an PAcs bei reinem Serum-Albumin und Globulin (Rind), sowie an Gemischen aus beiden und an Humanserum. Unter Verwendung der Papierelektrophorese konnte die bei allmählicher Zugabe des Fällungsmittels bei PH 4, 6 eintretende Fraktionierung verfolgt werden, bei der zuerst Albumin, dann die Globuline zur Abscheidung gelangen. Vorversuche mit Nierenpeptidase zeigen, daß auch hier bei der Ausfällung kein nennenswerter Aktivitätsverlust eintritt.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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