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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 24 (1983), S. 485-494 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: amiodarone ; pharmacokinetics ; therapeutic serum level ; thyroid function ; antiarrhythmic therapy ; adverse effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 17 patients on long term therapy with amiodarone, serum drug levels measured by HPLC were related to pharmacological effects. At steady state, serum levels were directly proportional to the dose, 5 mg/kg per day leading to an average serum level of approximately 2.5 µmol/l. The non-amiodarone level of iodine averaged 4-times higher than the level of amiodarone iodine. The elimination half-life of amiodarone ranged from 21 to 78 days, and of non-amiodarone iodine from 24 to 160 days. Control of arrhythmias was satisfactory in all 12 evaluable patients, when the serum amiodarone level exceeded 1.5 µmol/l. Deterioration of vision and polyserositis occurred only at amiodarone levels above 4 µmol/l. Tentatively, a therapeutic range of 1.5 to 4 µmol/l is proposed. In contrast, thyroid dysfunction was observed at any amiodarone level. In view of the narrow therapeutic window, therapy with amiodarone may be optimized by monitoring its serum level and in addition, thyroid function should be regularly checked.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 29 (1973), S. 170-171 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wird die Synthese des 4-Leucin-Analogen des Arginin-vasotocins (=[Leu4, Arg8]-oxytocin) beschrieben.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 28 (1972), S. 828-831 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Morphologie der Aortenwand, die Ultrastruktur, des Endothels und der nach Endothelentfernung haftenden Leucocyten wurden am besten erhalten durch Perfusionsfixation mit einem Druck von ca. 80 mm Hg. Demgegenüber führten Immersionsfixation und Fixation in situ durch Auftropfen von aussen zu Einengung des Lumens, wellenförmigen elastischen Lamellen, teilweiser arkadenförmiger Ablösung von Endothelzellen, Kontraktion von Endothelzellen sowie zu Lyse von Leukocyten, die nach Endothelentfernung an der Gefässwand haften.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 28 (1972), S. 825-826 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 30 (1974), S. 1096-1098 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Résumé La TSH-releasing hormone (TRH) tritiée a été produite. La substance radioactive est accumulée non seulement dans l'hypophyse et le rein, mais également dans la thyroïde après injection par voie endocarotidienne. La signification physiologique de l'action directe de la TRH sur la thyroïde est discutée.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: electron microscopy ; mutants ; nitrogen fixation ; Rhizobium ; symbiosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Insertion and deletion mutants were used to characterize a genomic region of Rhizobium japonicum where the nitrogenase structural genes are located on two separate operons nifDK and nifH. In addition to previously described nifD:: Tn5 and nifK:: Tn5 mutations we have now generated, by localized mutagenesis, further Tn5 insertion mutations in the vicinity of nifDK as well as within and adjacent to nifH. The nifD:: Tn5, nifK:: Tn5, and nifH:: Tn5 mutant strains were of the Nod+ Fix- phenotype whereas all other mutants were symbiotically fully effective (Nod+ Fix+). The nifH:: Tn5 mutation was helpful in the identification of the nifH gene product (the dinitrogenase reductase) by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis: due to its polar effect this insertion specifically abolished the synthesis of that protein under microaerobic culture conditions. The ultrastructure of soybean root nodules infected with either the nif + wild-type or with the nif - (but otherwise isogenic) mutant strains was analyzed by electron microscopy. All contained fully developed bacteroids, but the nitrogen non-fixing mutants showed massive accumulation of PHB. Of Tn5-containing strains, kanamycin sensitive derivatives were obtained which contained deletions. Several classes of deletion mutants were found which, as judged by their physical DNA structure and their phenotypes, allowed the following most important conclusions: (i) deletions lacking both the nifDK and nifH regions indicate linkage between the two operons whereby at least 15 kb of DNA separate them; (ii) one deletion ending upstream from nifH, and lacking only nifDK, indicates that the nifDK operon is located on the 5′-flanking side of the nifH operon; (iii) all deletion mutants are Nod+ indicating that there are no essential nodulation gnes located between and adjacent to nifDK and nifH.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 22 (1984), S. 433-439 
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Action potentials ; Electromyography ; Mathematical model ; Single fibre
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A methematical model of the single-fibre extra- and intracellular action potential is proposed whereby the transition from one to the other is given by an approximate analytical relationship. The model is given in both the time and the frequency domain, and has a simple mathematical form. Based on the new model an analytical description of the transfer function of the muscle tissue is given. The proposed model compares favourably with previously published models and experimental results. The model allows a simple interpretation of the involved influence of the length and asymmetry of the transmembrane potential on the extracellular potential field. The proposed model should be helpful in the electrical modelling and simulation of neuromuscular activity.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The depolarization rate of positive muons implanted in a number of nominally pure, cylindrical Nb single crystals (maximal 250 ppm Ta, 100 ppm N + O) was investigated at two temperatures, viz. 14.0 and 36.8 K, in a high transverse field of 7.5 kG with the stroboscopicμSR technique in order to study the nature of the “dip” at 22 K. To determine the sites at which the muon is trapped on both sides of this dip, the full angular dependence of the depolarization rate was measured by rotating a large single crystal around its 〈110〉 cylinder axis in a transverse magnetic field. The resulting curves for both temperatures are quite different, reflecting clearly the different environment in which the muon is trapped above and below 22 K. The trapping site at 36.8 K was identified to be of tetrahedral symmetry, located near a Ta substitutional impurity and possibly associated with an interstitial impurity. Lattice distortions due to these impurities and radial relaxation around the muon,δR/R, were determined. The latter is +6.7(6)% for nearest neighbors and −6(2)% for next nearest neighbors. The 14.0 K angular dependence could not be fitted by considering distorted tetrahedral and octahedral sites and pointlike muons.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract StroboscopicμSR and TD-μSR techniques were used to measure theμ + Knight shiftK μ, and relaxation rateλ inSbBi alloys as functions of magnetic fieldH, temperatureT, the angleθ betweenH and the crystallineĉ axis, and the concentration [Bi] of alloyed Bi. In pure Sb and inSbBi (6.5%),K μ (θ=0) andK μ (θ=π/2) both decrease linearly withT up to about 100 K, but bothK μ and its anisotropy are smaller in the 6.5% alloy, indicating a “dilution” effect. With 15 at % Bi,K μ is reduced further but itsT-dependence and that ofλ are dramatically altered. At low temperaturesK μ (θ=0) inSbBi(15%) actually becomes negative and the sign of the anisotropy is reversed. In the same sample,λ is proportional toH at both 20 K and 150 K; at 120 Kλ is proportional toK μ ifθ is used as an implicit variable, but at 36 K this is not the case. A consistent phenomenological description is offered.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract During the past much effort has been devoted to a systematic study of the muon Knight shiftK μ in metallic environments and its implications on the local electronic structure of hydrogen in metals [1]. These measurements in simple metals were essentially all carried out in polycrystalline samples at room temperature. The present measurements in Cd in polycrystalline and single crystal samples cover a temperature range between 20 K and the melting point of this strongly anisotropic metal (hcp crystal structure,c/a ratio 1.89 — idealc/a ratio 1.63). These measurements add qualitatively new and interesting aspects and insights on the screening of a light hydrogen isotope in a metal as well as on certain properties of the host material itself. The outstanding features of the muon Knight shift in Cd are: (i) a strong intrinsic temperature dependence with an increase ofK μ of more than 100% between 20 K and the melting point (T=593 K), (ii) an anomaly at 110 K in the form of a singularity in the isotropic part ofK μ which is interpreted as a band structure effect, (iii) an anisotropic Knight shift contribution fitting the expressionK(T,θ)=K iso(T)+K ax(T) * (3 · cos2 θ−1)/2, where both, the isotropic and the axial contribution ofK μ, are strongly temperature dependent.
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