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  • Chemistry  (5)
  • 1980-1984  (2)
  • 1975-1979  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 75 (1979), S. 167-175 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The crazing of two rubber-toughened plastics (ABS, HIPS) is investigated by measuring the small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) during a tensile deformation. In both systems the onset of crazing is observed near the yield-maximum if the samples are continuously strained. The craze-rate of HIPS is much higher than that of ABS and after unloading HIPS shows a considerable recovery in contrast to ABS. The application of SAXS to the characterization of craze-phenomena is compared with that of other methods.
    Notes: An zwei schlagfesten Mehrphasensystemen (ABS, HIPS) wird das Crazing durch Messung der Röntgenkleinwinkelstreuung bei einer mechanischen Verformung verfolgt. In beiden Systemen setzt bei kontinuierlicher Zugbeanspruchung unmittelbar in der Nähe des Yield-Maximums eine starke Craze-Bildung ein. Beim schlagfesten Polystyrol (HIPS) findet man eine in Vergleich zum ABS wesentlich höhere Craze-Rate und nach Entlastung eine ausgeprägtere Reversibilität des Crazings. Die Aussagemöglichkeiten der Röntgenkleinwinkelstreuung zur Craze-Charakterisierung werden mit denen anderer Methoden verglichen.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Blockcopolyethers of ethylene oxide (EO) and propylene oxide (PO) are molecular homogeneous in the dry state. When water is added most of it is physically bonded to the EO blocks. This leads to a considerable increase of the viscosity. At higher water concentrations the system forms a thermoreversible gel. It could be demonstrated by quantitative Small Angle X-Ray Scattering that a progressive microphase separation takes place. In this process a stochimoetric 1 : 1-complex of ethylene oxide and water plays an important role. The gelation ist correlated with the appearance of a lamellar order, i.e. an amphiphilic liquid crystalline phase. This long range supermolecular structure has to be regarded as the reason for the elastic behavior of the systems at high water concentrations.
    Notes: Blockcopolyether aus Ethylenoxid (EO) und Propylenoxid (PO) bilden im wasserfreien Zustand einphasige Systeme. In Gegenwart von Wasser findet eine weitgehend selektive Solvatisierung der EO-Blöcke statt. Diese führt zu einem starken Viskositätsanstieg und bei höheren Wassergehalten zur Bildung eines thermoreversiblen Gels. Durch quantitative Röntgenkleinwinkelmessungen konnte gezeigt werden, daß sich mit steigendem Wassergehalt in zunehmendem Maße eine Mikrophasenbildung vollzieht, wobei dem 1 : 1-Komplex aus Ethylen-oxid und Wasser eine besondere Bedeutung zukommt. Die Gelbildung ist verknüpft mit dem Auftreten einer lamellaren Struktur, die eine amphiphile LC-Phase darstellt. Diese weitreichende übermolekulare Ordnungsstruktur ist als Ursache für die elastischen Eigen-schaften solcher Systeme anzusehen.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 319 (1977), S. 762-766 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Automatic Acquisition of Ionization Efficiency Curves to the Determination of Ionization and Appearance PotentialsIn order to determine ionization and appearance potentials of organic compounds, a scanner was developed, continuously controlling the energy of the bombarding electrons from 30 to 5 eV in about 30 seconds. The automatic acquisition, accumulation and output of ionization efficiency curves with the described system scanner-mass spectrometer-computer requires only one-tenth of the time needed for manual work, thus allowing examination of thermally less stable or extremely volatile compounds.
    Notes: Zur Bestimmung von Ionisations- und Auftrittspotentialen organischer Verbindungen aus Ionenausbeutekurven wurde ein Scangerät entwickelt, das die Energie der Stoßelektronen kontinuierlich von 30 auf 5 eV in ungefähr 30 Sekunden regelt. Gegenüber dem manuellen Verfahren erlaubt das vorgestellte System Scangerät-Massenspektrometer-Rechner eine etwa zehnmal schnellere Erfassung, Akkumulation und Ausgabe von Ionenausbeutekurven und damit auch die Untersuchung von thermisch wenig stabilen oder schnell verdampfenden Verbindungen.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The Nature of the Transition Metal to Carbon σ-bond. II. Mass Spectrometric Investigations of Mono-organyl-Transition Metall Complexes of Phthalocyanine and SalenIn the mass spectra of monomethyl and monophenyl complexes of Fe(III) and Co(III) phthalocyanines (RMPc) there are observed peaks at higher mass numbers than that of the molecular ion which are described to products containing more than one organyl group.It is concluded from the mass spectra and the ionization efficiency curves of the ions R2MPc+, RMPc+ and MPc+ that, due to the high temperature in the inlet system of the mass spectrometer, in the solid state a loss of the organyl residue R and an attack of the radicals at the phthalocyanine ring takes place.The mass spectra of methyl- and phenyl-cobalt(III)-salen do not contain any peaks at higher mass numbers than the molecular ion. The problems of mass spectrometric determination of the strength of the transition metal to carbon σ-bond are discussed.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 33 (1982), S. 408-412 
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: HD-PE layers formed on quartz monocrystal surfaces from dilute solutions were investigated by electron diffraction to test the influence of the substrate on the polymer structure. The PE chains proved to be arranged parallel to the quartz surface and epitaxial intergrowth is possible. Both orthorhombic and monoclinic modifications of PE were observed. Epitaxy relations are derived and discussed, and the influence of annealing on the layer structure was investigated.
    Notes: Aus verdünnten Lösungen auf Quarzeinkristallen abgeschiedene Filme von HD-PE wurden mit Hilfe der Elektronenbeugung untersucht, um zu überprüfen, welchen Einfluß die Unterlage auf die Polymerstruktur besitzt. Es wurde festgestellt, daß sich die Polymerketten parallel zur Quarzoberfläche ausrichten und epitaktische Verwachsungen auftreten können, wobei neben der orthorhombischen auch die monokline Modifikation in Erscheinung trat. Epitaxiebeziehungen werden abgeleitet und strukturell diskutiert. Außerdem wird der Einfluß einer Temperbehandlung auf die Schichtstruktur untersucht.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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