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Selective interactions among Rh, ABO, and sex ratio of newborns (1985)

Valenzuela, C. Y. ; Walton, R.

Springer

Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 71 (1985), S. 53-57

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ISSN: 1432-1203

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Medicine

Notes: Summary The hypothesis that the Rh and ABO blood systems behave like the HLA system in relation to mother-conception tolerance-rejection mechanisms was tested in 25,501 mother-infant pairs. According to this hypothesis, heterozygotes carrying a paternal gene that is not present in their mother should be better tolerated than homozygotes. Significantly more BO infants born to AO mothers. AO infants born to BO mothers, Rh(+) heterozygotes born to Rh(-) mothers, and less significantly AO infants born to OO mothers confirm the hypothesis. Fewer homozygotes occurred in Rh(-) infants born to Rh(+) mothers and in O infants born to non-O mothers. Deviations from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium found in the ABO system were modified by the Rh and sex of the infant. These data strongly support the hypothesis that at least two feto-maternal systems influence the denstiny of pregnancies: the classical known incompatibility system which operates late in pregnancy and a new one which is based on the induction of maternal tolerance early in pregnancy: maternal tolerance seems to be better elicited by heterozygous eggs or embryos carrying a gene not present in the mother. The data also support the hypothesis that the sex ratio is influenced by feto-maternal tolerance-rejection mechanisms associated with the ABO and Rh systems.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00295669

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Alterations in the vesicular pattern and wall growth ofPhycomyces induced by the calcium ionophore A 23187 (1989)

Ruiz-Herrera, J. ; Valenzuela, C. ; Martinez-Cadena, G. ; [et al.]

Springer

Protoplasma 148 (1989), S. 15-25

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ISSN: 1615-6102

Keywords: Vesicles ; Phycomyces ; Calcium ionophore ; Chitin synthetase ; Invertase

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Summary Hyphal elongation, chitin synthesis in vivo, and invertase secretion inPhycomyces blakesleeanus were all inhibited almost instantly by the addition of 5–10 μM calcium ionophore A 23187. Protein biosynthesis was inhibited in these conditions by 30–50%. The ionophore did not affect cell respiration for at least 40 min. Effect on chitin biosynthesis was not due to alterations of the chitin synthetase levels or its activity; nor to impairement in GlcNAc metabolism. In drug-treated cells the number of apical vesicles was severely reduced even at very short periods of incubation, and these low numbers remained constant for at least 60 min of incubation with the ionophore. We suggest that the ionophore collapses the cellular calcium gradient and/or interferes with the normal electrical transhyphal current. As a consequence, formation and migration of apical vesicles are inhibited. These results are further evidence of the role of vesicles in fungal tip growth and exhibit the fact that active chitin synthetase is short-lived in vivo demanding its continuous supply by chitosomes to the cell surface.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01403987

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