ALBERT — All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

1

Monograph available for loan

The ecology of natural disturbance and patch dynamics (1985)

Pickett, S. T. ; White, P.S.

Orlando [u.a.] : Academic Pr.

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Call number: PIK N 531-91-0142

Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan

Pages: XIV, 472 S. : graph. Darst.

ISBN: 0125545207 , 0-12-554521-5

Location: A 18 - must be ordered

Branch Library: PIK Library

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2

Electronic Resource

Influence of canopy opening on the environment and herb layer in a northern hardwoods forest (1987)

Collins, B. S. ; Pickett, S. T. A.

Springer

Plant ecology 70 (1987), S. 3-10

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ISSN: 1573-5052

Keywords: Allegheny Plateau ; Canopy gap ; Disturbance ; Pennsylvania

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract Single- (33–37 m2) and multi-tree (51–151 m2) gaps were created in an Allegheny Plateau northern hard-woods forest to investigate environmental and herb layer response to canopy opening. After gap creation, noon light on clear summer days was brightest north of opening center. At other times of the day, and when skies were overcast, there was no difference in the light quantity beneath opened and closed canopy. Nor was the distribution of soil moisture or of soil or air temperature greatly affected by gap creation. Species establishment tended to be higher near opening centers; otherwise, there was no pronounced effect of canopy opening on plant cover or species richness during the first four years after gap creation. Biotic responses were not significantly correlated with any environmental factor.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00040752

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3

Electronic Resource

Structure of theory in vegetation science (1989)

Pickett, S. T. A. ; Kolasa, J.

Springer

Plant ecology 83 (1989), S. 7-15

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ISSN: 1573-5052

Keywords: Falsification ; Hypothesis ; Model ; Prediction ; Succession ; Scientific method

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract In order to help evaluate progress in vegetation science, we present an outline of the components of theory. Theory has both empirically and conceptually based components, and is tied together by a hierarchical framework. Theory is related to observable phenomena to further the most general goal of science, understanding. More specific tactics to advance understanding include explanation, generalization, and testing. Different components of theory permit the operation of specific tactics. Most components of theory are exemplified by one or more aspects of vegetation science. However, there are some conceptual and empirical components in need of further development. We conclude that vegetation science does in fact conform to the contemporary view of a developing theory, and that this theory can serve as a fruitful guide to research and application of concepts to the field.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00031677

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4

Electronic Resource

A hierarchical consideration of causes and mechanisms of succession (1987)

Pickett, S. T. A. ; Collins, S. L. ; Armesto, J. J.

Springer

Plant ecology 69 (1987), S. 109-114

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ISSN: 1573-5052

Keywords: Causal hierarchy ; Mechanism ; Model ; Succession

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract Questions of successional pattern and causality have been central concerns in vegetation ecology. In this paper we address the limits of the overextended models of Connell and Slatyer by discussing problems encountered in field tests. To help prevent such problems, we define the essential concepts needed to understand succession: pathway, cause, mechanism, and model. We then suggest a more complete enumeration of successional causes, and place them in a three-level hierarchy. The highest level in the hierarchy defines the general and universal conditions under which succession occurs: (1) availability of open sites, (2) differential availability of species, and (3) differential performance of species at the site. To provide a more detailed under-standing of succession, each of these causes is decomposed into ecological processes. A further decomposition results in the third level of the hierarchy, which is required to elucidate the mechanisms of succession at particular sites and to make detailed predictions. The hierarchy allows the appropriate causes to be chosen to answer questions about succession at the desired level of generality or level of organization. Recognizing the appropriate level(s) in the hierarchy is critical for the successful explanation of succession, design of experiments, statement of predictions, construction of models and development of general theory.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00038691

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5

Electronic Resource

Individualistic patterns of annuals and biennials in early successional oldfields (1988)

Myster, R. W. ; Pickett, S. T. A.

Springer

Plant ecology 78 (1988), S. 53-60

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ISSN: 1573-5052

Keywords: Colonizing species ; Life history strategy ; Permanent plot ; Succession

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract The importance of Gleasonian species individuality, with its relation to life history strategies in succession, has been implied by studies lasting only a few years, or studies relying on chronosequences. Even in long-term studies, it has been addressed without statistical tests. Here, we examine the first six years of succession in permanent plots on ten contrasting oldfields to statistically determine the role of species individuality in early oldfield succession. Percent cover data were collected each summer in 48 permanent plots in ten oldfields as part of the Buell Succession Study at the Hutcheson Memorial Forest on the New Jersey Piedmont, USA. Congruent patterns of mean percent cover over time clearly reflect life history strategies of annuals and biennials. Kendall's coefficient of concordance, calculated for population patterns of annuals or biennials in each oldfield, confirms that population patterns within life form groups are similar and supports the contention that life history strategies are important in determining successional pattern once species become established in an oldfield. Profile analysis, a statistical test for parallelism among species patterns, performed on all population patterns in each oldfield, confirms that these patterns are individualistic. The individualistic pattern implies that succession may be driven by the different strategies of dispersal, growth, and resource use of the species involved.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00045639

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6

Electronic Resource

Removal experiments to test mechanisms of plant succession in oldfields (1986)

Armesto, Juan J. ; Pickett, S. T. A.

Springer

Plant ecology 66 (1986), S. 85-93

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ISSN: 1573-5052

Keywords: Dominance ; Facilitation ; Inhibition ; Oldfield ; Succession ; Tolerance

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract We investigated the effects of total (TR) or partial (PR) removal of the above-ground biomass of the dominant species on early successional trends in two oldfields in central New Jersey, USA. Our objective was to assess the occurrence of facilitation, tolerance, or inhibition as mechanisms of species replacement in the fields studied. In a 2nd-yr oldfield dominated by Ambrosia artemisiifolia, floristic composition and distribution of species cover changed markedly between the 2nd and the 3rd yr, regardless of the removal treatment. In both TR and PR plots and in control plots dominance shifted from an annual (A. artemisiifolia) to a biennial (Erigeron annuus). This indicates that the presence of the annual dominant is not necessary to promote this successional replacement, and therefore facilitation can be ruled out. Most species present in the 3rd-yr community were late summer and fall invaders which were not initially present. In a 7-yr oldfield dominated by Solidago canadensis, a clonal perennial, very little change in the distribution of species cover could be detected between years. Overall physiognomy remained the same, but there was a gradual change in floristic composition. In this field, TR and PR treatments enhanced vegetational change by allowing the increase in cover of suppressed understory species. Both inhibition and tolerance mechanisms may be involved in the pattern of vegetational change in this field. Finally, we stress that the mechanisms of species replacement operating in early secondary succession are dependent on structural and life history characteristics of the species assemblage on a particular site.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00045498

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