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  • 1985-1989  (18)
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  • 1
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    On the high-energy gamma-ray signature of cosmic-ray sources (1988)
    Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-11-01
    Print ISSN: 0004-637X
    Electronic ISSN: 1538-4357
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
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    Studying antiprotons from balloons and Space Station (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Experimental measurements are proposed to determine the existence of cosmic antiprotons and to differentiate between various hypothetical origins for them. The balloon-borne experiment proposed by Balasubrahmanyan et al. (1983) for detecting 50-220-MeV antiprotons and measuring their energy distribution is described; the astrophysical significance of antiproton measurements is considered; the antiproton/proton ratios predicted by various cosmic-ray and exotic models are presented graphically; and the performance required of a Space Station superconducting-magnet detector for the 10-1000-GeV range is discussed. It is concluded that an instrument with 0.3-sq m sr geometry could distinguish (at a 5-sigma level) between hypotheses with spectral-exponent separation of 0.1 in observing time about 1 month, assuming a spectral exponent as steep as E to the -3rd.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    2CG013 - A monoenergetic source of cosmic rays? (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Results from a Monte Carlo simulation of gamma-ray production under astrophysical conditions indicate that it is possible to produce gamma-ray spectra as hard as that of 2CG013+00 reported by COS-B using a monoenergetic beam of cosmic rays hitting a thin target material. It is suggested that the low mass X-ray binary GX13+1 might provide such a mechanism to produce the observed gamma-rays from the region.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Astronomy and Astrophysics (ISSN 0004-6361); 208; 1-2,
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Experimental limit on low energy antiprotons in the cosmic radiation (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Results are reported from the Low Energy Antiproton Experiment (LEAP), a balloon-borne instrument which was flown in August, 1987. No evidence of antiproton fluxes is found in the kinetic energy range of 120 MeV to 360 MeV, at the top of the atmosphere. The 90-percent is found confidence upper limit on the antiproton/proton ratio in this energy range is 3.5 x 10 to the -5th. In particular, this new experiment places an upper limit on the flux almost an order of magnitude below the reported flux of Buffington et al. (1981).
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Advances in Space Research (ISSN 0273-1177); 9; 12, 1
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  • 5
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    Antiprotons in cosmic rays (1987)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Recent experimental observations and results are discussed. It was found that the approximately 50 antiprotons collected in balloon experiments to date have generated considerable theoretical interest. Clearly, confirmatory experiments and measurements over an extended energy range are required before definite conclusions are drawn. Antiproton measurements have a bearing on astrophysical problems ranging from cosmic ray propagation to issues of cosmological import. The next generation of balloon experiments and the Particle Astrophysics Magnet Facility being discussed for operation on NASA's space station should provide data and insights of highest interest.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Essays in Space Science; p 155-172
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    On the high-energy gamma-ray signature of cosmic-ray sources (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Monte Carlo simulations of the gamma-ray emission from hypothetical cosmic-ray sources are performed. Sources which might correspond to acceleration by supernova shocks in 'average' interstellar conditions and deep within giant molecular clouds are considered. The consequences of dropping the common assumption that the cosmic-ray spectrum at the sources is the same as that observed at earth are examined. Spectral effects which can be related to the depth of the material shroud and the population of accelerated particles are explored using these simulations and are described. The results are compared with the COS B catalog of gamma-ray sources, and the implications for the underlying particle populations and source mechanisms are discussed.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X); 334; 722-733
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  • 7
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    Cosmic ray propagation in the local superbubble (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: It is suggested that a ring of HI gas lying in the galactic plane is part of a supershell which formed some 3 x 10 to the 7th power years ago. The consequences of a closed magnetic supershell for cosmic ray propagation are examined and it is concluded that there is no evidence which precludes the production and trapping of cosmic rays in such a region. A consequence of superbubble confinement is that the mean age of cosmic rays would be independent of energy. This can be tested by high energy observations of the isotopic composition of Be.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Astronomy and Astrophysics (ISSN 0004-6361); 143; 2, Fe; 249-255
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  • 8
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    A high energy Space Station (HESS) array for studying extremely energetic cosmic rays (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The scientific aims and design concept of a High-Energy Space Station (HESS) cosmic-ray detector array are discussed. The current state of knowledge on cosmic-ray acceleration and high-energy interactions is briefly reviewed, and the need for observations yielding elemental composition and spectra in the 10-10,000-TeV/nucleon range is demonstrated. It is predicted that 2 yr of observations with a space-borne detector of geometry factor 30 sq m sr would provide adequate data to determine the acceleration mechanism (by comparing the energy level at which the spectra of He nuclei and protons break). A modular HESS array comprising W/scintillator/PM-tube calorimeter modules and Cerenkov charge-sensitive detector modules and weighing about 30 tonnes is described. The array could be assembled on orbit after transport in the Space Shuttle cargo bay, and data could be taken as soon as one or two layers of modules had been attached to the mounting-frame/support-electronics unit.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT INSTRUMENTATION
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  • 9
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    A particle astrophysics magnet spectrometer facility for Space Station (1987)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Planning for and design tradeoff studies related to the particle astrophysics magnet spectrometer known as Astromag are presented. This facility is being planned for the Space Station Freedom and address questions regarding the origin and acceleration of cosmic rays, explore the synthesis of elements by making detailed measurements of cosmic ray isotopic composition, and search for evidence of antimatter and other cosmologically significant particles. This work was supported by an international study team which includes particle physicists and cosmic ray physicists.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT INSTRUMENTATION
    Type: SESSION-OG-9.2-5 , Laboratory for High Energy Astrophysics Contributions to the 20th International Cosmic Ray Conference; 4 p
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  • 10
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    On the possibility of observing cosmic ray sources in high energy gamma rays (1987)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: If cosmic rays are accelerated by strong shocks, then cosmic ray sources should be characterized by spectra, dN/dE alpha E exp -(2.0-2.2), reflecting the strength of those shocks. This is expected from the 'standard leaky box' model of cosmic ray propagation in which the source spectra are harder than the observed spectra because higher energy particles have shorter residence times in the galactic magnetic fields. Furthermore, data on cosmic ray nucleons suggest that these sources might be surrounded by material. If the latter is true, such sources should be observable in gamma rays at energies beyond 1 GeV where the angular resolution of gamma-ray telescopes is optimized and the background is significantly reduced. For identified sources, the source location accuracy can be shown to improve with increasing energy in spite of the decreasing statistics, as long as the gamma-ray spectrum is harder than dN/dE alpha E exp -gamma. A Monte Carlo model is used to predict the photon spectra which would be expected from cosmic ray sources under varying assumptions about the strength of the shocks in the acceleration region.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: SESSION-OG-2.1-17 , Laboratory for High Energy Astrophysics Contributions to the 20th International Cosmic Ray Conference; 4 p
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