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  • 1985-1989  (4)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct and Correlated Responses to Four Cycles of Divergent Selection for Heading Date in Barley (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 101 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: In order to investigate the direct and correlated responses to selection for heading date in barley, two F2 populations were subjected to four cycles of divergent selection. For each cross, eight populations selected for earliness (from 1E to 4E) and for lateness, (from 1L to 4L) and four unselected populations (1, 2, 3 and 4 SSD) were obtained and than compared together with parental lines. Selection caused a change greater than one day/cycle in Doth directions, and the cumulative responses were -5.4 and -5,9 days in the direction of earliness, 7.7 and 7,1 days in the opposite direction. Such results suggest that in the two base populations the heading, date is under the control of a polygenic system with prevailing additive effects and a slight directional dominance toward earliness.Early populations showed a reduction of ear moisture and an increase of plant height, ear extrusion, kernel weight and harvest index, whereas late populations showed the opposite changes. Grain yield was linearly reduced by selection for lateness, whereas no substantial change was evidenced in the opposite direction, so that 4E significantly out-yielded 4L in both crosses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1988.tb00304.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response of maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines and hybrids to chlorsulfuron (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 29 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Twenty inbred maize lines, raised in a growth chamber, were treated with 0 or 1 ng g−1 of chlorsulfuron which caused a variable reduction in root-length. In a second experiment, all crosses (reciprocals included) among two tolerant lines (T: Va85 and Mes44) and two susceptible lines (S: B73 and B79) were raised in a growth chamber together with the parental lines and exposed to 0,0×5 or 1 ng g−1, The interaction of reciprocal effects x rates was not significant for all traits, The T × S hybrids showed an intermediate response between the T × T and S × S responses for root-length and dry weight. Interaction (hybrids vs. parental lines) × rates was not significant for all traits. These results indicate that susceptibility to chlorsulfuron is not controlled by extra-nuclear factors and that additive gene actions prevail. Four crosses (one T × T, two T × S and one S × S) were further investigated at nine rates from 0 to 1 ng g−1. The responses confirmed the intermediate behaviour of T×S hybrids, resulting in a GR20 of 0×07, 0×55 and 0×94 ng g−1 for S × S, T × S and T × T, respectively. In a third experiment, the four crosses previously considered were grown in the field with parental lines and treated at five rates from 0 to 1·12 g a.i. ha−1. Effects on shoot height and dry weight were consistent with root effects found in growth chamber experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1989.tb00911.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison between responses to gametophytic and sporophytic recurrent selection in maize (Zea mays L.) (1989)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 77 (1989), S. 761-767 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Maize ; Gametophytic selection ; Pollen ; Zea mays L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In order to evaluate the response at both the gametophytic and sporophytic level of a selection based on the pollen competitive ability and to compare its effects with those obtainable from a conventional sporophytic procedure, three recurrent selection plans were developed in maize starting from the same F2 population. Two gametophytic recurrent selection procedures at high (GSH) and low (GSL) selection intensity were performed by utilizing, to advance the populations, kernels taken from the base (GSH) or apex (GSL) of ears obtained from pair-crosses of randomly chosen plants. The third scheme was a sporophytic full-sib recurrent selection procedure (SS); the only selection criterion was the machine-harvestable grain yield of the families. In a sixyear period of selection, six cycles of both GSH and GSL and three cycles of SS were performed. The source and the selected populations (16 entries) were tested for pollen performance and for sporophytic traits. The selection cycles advanced through GSH showed a progressive increase, as compared to GSL, in pollen tube length measured at 4 h of in vitro culture. The SS cycles response was intermediate at 4 h whereas at 2 h it exceeded both GSH and GSL. A slight decrease in pollen diameter was evidenced in populations advanced with GSL procedure. The SS selection caused a marked increase for grain yield, lateness, leaves per plant and plant height. No response was shown by gametophytic selection for grain yield. The GSH procedure, however, led to an increase in kernel weight and to a decrease in kernel moisture, leaf number and plant height, as compared to GSL. Though gametophytic selection showed limited effects on sporophytic traits, it can be considered an efficient tool to supplement conventional sporophytic selection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00268324
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Herbicide-tolerant corn by pollen selection (1989)
    Springer
    Sexual plant reproduction 2 (1989), S. 65-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2145
    Keywords: Herbicide tolerance ; Pollen selection ; Sulfonylurea ; Chlorsulfuron
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Maize pollen was exposed to the herbicide Chlorsulfuron (CS), and segregation for tolerance was observed. The resulting plant generation exhibited significantly greater tolerance to CS than other (control) progeny. Since the increase in tolerance occurred after only one generation of pollen exposure, this result demonstrates that pollen selection can be used to develop herbicide-resistant crop species, even when the species are not amenable to cell culture. It also suggests a possible mechanism for the rapid evolution of herbicide tolerance in weeds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00191992
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