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  • 1985-1989  (21)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mineralogy and petrology 34 (1985), S. 143-158 
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Seit 1930 wird aus tertiären Abfolgen des Wiener Beckens Öl und Gas gefördert. Zwischen tertiäre Speichergesteine sind kalkige Schiefer eingeschaltet, die von früheren Autoren als mögliche Muttergesteine angesehen werden. In dieser Arbeit wird der Reifegrad des organischen Materials in den Schiefern untersucht. Organischer Kohlenstoff wurde in 36 Schieferproben (780 bis 2812 m) aus der Aderklaa 78 Bohrung durch coulometrische Titration bestimmt. Die Werte schwanken zwischen 0,22 und 2,04% Corg und weisen einen Mittelwert von 0,81% auf. Leichte Variation der Werte im unteren Teil der Bohrung sind auf unterschiedliche Anteile des ursprünglichen organischen Materials zurückzuführen. Bitumen-Extrakte ergaben zwischen 1,2 und 70,2 mg/100 g Schiefer mit einem Mittelwert von 270 ppm, im Vergleich zu 2480 ppm Mittelwert für kalkige Schiefer als Muttergestein. Die Bitumen bestehen aus wenig degradiertem, möglicherweise aus Lipiden stammenden organischen Material. Der relativ große Gehalt an gesättigten Kohlenwasserstoffen in Bitumen aus der tiefsten Probe (2812 m) ist wahrscheinlich auf Kontamination durch ein unterliegendes Reservoir zurückzuführen. Untersuchungen des Kerogens an 9 Proben ergab Typ III Kerogen, welches in der tiefsten Probe fast ausschließlich aus Vitrinit besteht. Vitrinit-Reflexionsmessungen (R 0=0,36 bis 0,53, zunehmende Werte von 820 bis 2703 m) deuten einen geringen Reifegrad an der ausschließt, daß dedeutende Mengen Kohlenwasserstoffe abgespaltet worden sind. Eine Betrachtung der HC- und O/C-Elementverhältnisse gibt weitere Hinweise auf terrigenes, pflanzliches, Typ III Kerogen in den Aderklaa-Proben. Aus der Gesamtheit der Daten über die Zusammensetzung und den Reifegrad des neogenen organischen Materials wird geschlossen, daß keine bedeutende Degradation stattgefunden hat, und daß das “petroleum window” in prä-tertiären Schichten liegen muß. Der Gehalt an Hetero-Verbindungen in den geförderten Ölen deutet jedoch an, daß es zu Kontaminationen durch das neogene organische Material gekommen ist.
    Notes: Summary Poil- and gas-producing horizons in the Tertiary section of the Vienna Basin are intercalated with calcareous shales. In this study, the shales are examined in view of their source rock potential. 36 shales from 780 to 2812 m of six inch well cores from Aderklaa 78 hole were analysed for organic carbon by coulometric titration method. Organic C values vary from 0.22 to 2.04% with a mean value of 0.81%. A slight increase in the lower parts of the hole reflects initial differences in organic carbon content. Total bitumen extracts vary between 1.2 and 70.2 mg/100 g shale with a mean value of 270 ppm bitumen compared to a mean of 2480 ppm for average calcareous shale source rock. Aderklaa bitumen largely consists of unaltered material, perhaps being derived early from lipids. Only the deepest bitumen (2812 m) has higher saturated hydrocarbon content which is regarded as contamination from the underlying reservoir. Investigation of the Aderklaa kerogens from 9 shale samples suggests that they are type III kerogens, consisting almost entirely of vitrinite in the deepest sample examined. From vitrinite reflectance (R 0=0.36 to 0.53, increasing downhole from 820 to 2703 m) it is obvious that kerogens are insufficiently mature to have produced major amounts of hydrocarbons. Plots of the atomic H/C versus O/C ratios corroborate the type III, terrigenous, plant-derived characteristic of Aderklaa kerogens. These investigations of the nature and state of preservation of the Neogene organic matter indicates that the petroleum window lies within pre-Tertiary basement, and that the temperatures were not sufficient for significant degradation of the Neogene Type III kerogen. However, the high hetero-compound content of numerous Vienna crudes suggests contamination with bitumens from this Tertiary organic matter.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 95 (1987), S. 343-349 
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract 18O/16O and D/H ratios have been measured for matrix glasses and phenocrysts from the zoned phonolitic Laacher See tephra sequence (11000 y.b.p., East Eifel volcanic field, FRG) to study open-system behaviour of the associated magma system. Mineral and glass δ 18O values appear to be largely undisturbed by low-temperature, secondary alteration, record isotopic equilibrium and confirm previous conclusions, based on radiogenic isotope evidence, of early, small-scale crustal assimilation during differentiation of parental magmas in a crustal magma chamber. One sanidine-glass pair possibly documents the late stage influx of meteoric fluids into the topmost magma layer prior to eruption. A sealing carapace of chilled magma, which itself was strongly contaminated, prevented large-scale fluid exchange up to the point prior to eruption when this carapace was fractured and meteoric water gained access to parts of the magma system. D/H measurements of various glass types (glass inclusions, dense and pumiceous glass) and amphiboles gave conflicting results suggesting a combination of degassing, volatile exchange with country rocks and hydration. Stable isotope ratios for primitive parental magmas (δ 18O=+5.5 to 7.0‰) and mantle megacrysts (δ 18O=+ 5.5 to +6.0‰, δD=−21 to −38‰, for amphiboles and phlogopite, resp.) suggest a rather variable fluid composition for the sub-Eifel mantle.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 95 (1987), S. 350-369 
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract 18O/16O, 34S/32S, and D/H ratios as well as vacuum-fusion H2O+ contents were measured for late Tertiary volcanic basaltic rocks ranging in composition from quartz tholeiites and alkali olivine basalts to melilite-bearing olivine nephelinites and for peridotite xenoliths from the Northern Hessian Depression of W.-Germany. Measured Oisotope ratios in both basalts and peridotites were corrected for variable degree of post-eruption, secondary alteration. The ranges and means of corrected δ 18O values (‰ SMOW) for the North Hessian lavas and peridotites are: (i) 8 tholeiites: ca. +6.1 to +7.3 (¯x=+6.6), (ii) 21 alkali olivine basalts: ca. +5.4 to +7.6 (¯x=+6.5), (iii) 19 nepheline basanites, limburgites, and olivine nephelinites: ca. +5.3 to +8.0 (¯x=+6.6), and (iv) 23 peridotites: +5.1 to 7.0 (¯x+6.0). The δ 34S values (‰ CDT) for the tholeiites range from −0.6 to +1.4 (¯x=−0.03) and for the alkali basalts range from +0.9 to +8.6 (¯x=+2.5). The approximate δD value (‰ SMOW) of the pristine basalts and peridotites is estimated to have been ca. −90‰ The quartz tholeiites appear to have had a different genetic history than the alkali basalts. Supported by chemical evidence, the 18O and 87Sr enrichment observed in the tholeiites suggests low crustal contamination of parental olivine tholeiite melts, derived from a depleted mantle source. The contamination by crustal partial melts may have occurred in granulitic lower crust during differentiation. By contrast the high δ 18O and δ 34S values observed for the alkali basalts and peridotites are best explained in terms of metasomatic alteration of the mantle source region by fluids enriched in 18O, K, and incompatible trace elements prior to partial melting. The δ 18O-K relationships for the peridotites indicate that the mantle beneath the Northern Hessian Depression has had a complex stable isotope history involving at least two distinct metasomatic events. The earlier event involved a CO2-rich fluid which modified 18O/16O ratios without altering the mineralogical character of the mantle peridotite. The second event involved an aqueous fluid, which mainly altered the clinopyroxene and introduced phlogopite (plus possibly apatite, carbonate, and amphibole). It superimposed an 18O and K enrichment upon a previously altered mantle.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 75 (1988), S. 515-517 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 73 (1986), S. 502-504 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 76 (1989), S. 218-220 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
  • 8
    Publication Date: 1987-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0009-2541
    Electronic ISSN: 1872-6836
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1986-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0009-2541
    Electronic ISSN: 1872-6836
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1987-02-01
    Print ISSN: 0024-4937
    Electronic ISSN: 1872-6143
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Elsevier
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