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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proteolysis of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase in Citrus leaf extracts (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 66 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBP carboxylase, EC 4.1.1.39) has been purified from orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. Washington Navel] leaves using sucrose gradient centrifugation in a fixed angle rotor. Following sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), two major bands corresponding to the two subunits of RuBP carboxylase were found. The large subunit coincided with the polypeptide band that has been previously reported to be preferentially mobilized during the spring and summer flush periods.The degradation of RuBP carboxylase during autodigestion of Citrus leaf extracts, investigated by SDS-PAGE, occurred mainly at acidic (2.5-5.5) pH. The two subunits showed differences in the rate of degradation, the smaller being more rapidly hydrolyzed than the larger. At least four proteolytic activities were identified by means of inhibitor experiments: 1) a pepstatin A-sensitive activity that acts on both RuBP carboxylase subunits, 2) a mercurial (p-hydroxymercuribenzoate and p-chloromercuriphenylsulfonate)-sensitive activity that degrades only the small subunit, 3) an EDTA-sensitive activity that hydrolyzes both the large and small subunits, and 4) a mercurial-stimulated activity that acts only on the large subunit. It is suggested that the last two proteases may be responsible for the degradation of RuBP carboxylase observed in vivo during the periods of mobilization of leaf protein in Citrus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1986.tb05938.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proteolysis of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase in leaves of Citrus explants throughout the annual cycle and its regulation by ethylene (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 73 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Leaf senescence and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBP carboxylase, EC 4.1.1.39) degradation in orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. Washington Navel] explants have been investigated. Explants consisted of a segment of stem (ca 15 cm) and 5 mature leaves. In vitro RuBP carboxylase degradation was determined by culturing the explants in water for different periods of time (3 days usually) and quantifying the two RuBP carboxylase subunits in the extracts following sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). In vitro RuBP carboxylase degradation was estimated by autodigestion of leaf extracts and SDS-PAGE. The extent of in vivo RuBP carboxylase degradation in explants cultured under 16 h light/8 h dark photoperiod varied throughout the year and showed a cyclic behaviour correlated with the growth cycle of Citrus. The highest proteolytic activity both in vivo and in vitro was found in explants made from April to August coinciding with the maximum vegetative growth period of the tree.Leaf senescence and abscission could be retarded significantly at any time of the year by maintaining the explants continuously in the dark. Treatment of the explants in the dark with a continuous flow of ethylene enhanced both leaf abscission and rate of RuBP carboxylase degradation, proportionally to ethylene concentration (0.1-0.6 ppm). Ethylene-induced senescence of Citrus leaf explants in the dark appears to be a convenient model system to study the regulation of the proteolytic degradation of RuBP carboxylase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1988.tb09184.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gibberellins in developing fruits of Pisum sativum cv. Alaska: Studies on their role in pod growth and seed development (1987)
    Springer
    Planta 170 (1987), S. 130-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Fruit-set and growth ; Gibberellin and fruit and seed development ; Inhibitor (of gibberellin biosynthesis) ; Pisum (fruit, seed development) ; Seed development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Gibberellins A1, A8, A20 and A29 were identified by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in the pods and seeds from 5-d-old pollinated ovaries of pea (Pisum sativum cv. Alaska). These gibberellins were also identified in 4-d-old non-developing, parthenocarpic and pollinated ovaries. The level of gibberellin A1 within these ovary types was correlated with pod size. Gibberellin A1, applied to emasculated ovaries cultured in vitro, was three to five times more active than gibberellin A20. Using pollinated ovary explants cultured in vitro, the effects of inhibitors of gibberellin biosynthesis on pod growth and seed development were examined. The inhibitors retarded pod growth during the first 7 d after anthesis, and this inhibition was reversed by simultaneous application of gibberellin A3. In contrast, the inhibitors, when supplied to 4-d-old pollinated ovaries for 16 d, had little effect on seed fresh weight although they reduced the levels of endogenous gibberellins A20 and A29 in the enlarging seeds to almost zero. Paclobutrazol, which was one of the inhibitors used, is xylem-mobile and it efficiently reduced the level of seed gibberellins without being taken up into the seed. In intact fruits the pod may therefore be a source of precursors for gibberellin biosynthesis in the seed. Overall, the results indicate that gibberellin A1, present in parthenocarpic and pollinated fruits early in development, regulates pod growth. In contrast the high levels of gibberellins A20 and A29, which accumulate during seed enlargement, appear to be unnecessary for normal seed development or for subsequent germination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00392389
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase and fruit set or degeneration of unpollinated ovaries of Pisum sativum L. (1985)
    Springer
    Planta 164 (1985), S. 534-539 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Fruit development ; Fruit set ; Ovary ; Pisum (RuBPCase and fruit set) ; Proteolysis ; Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The polypeptide patterns obtained by sodium dodecylsulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of undigested and autodigested extracts from pea (Pisum sativum L.) ovaries at the early stages of development or degeneration have been studied. Development of unpollinated ovaries was stimulated by application of different plant growth regulators (gibberellic acid, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, and N6-benzyladenine) or by plant topping. Polypeptide bands of similar mobility to ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBPCase) subunits (16 and 55 kDa) could be detected in all types of autodigested extracts from stimulated ovaries. However these bands were absent in electrophoretic patterns of autodigested extracts from unstimulated ovaries after 3 d post anthesis and in patterns of autodigested mixtures of these extracts with either those from stimulated ovaries or those from unstimulated ovaries before day 3. These observations indicate that a proteolytic activity which promotes the hydrolysis of RuBPCase appears in unstimulated ovaries about 3 d after anthesis. This event coincides with the loss of the capacity of unpollinated ovaries to develop in response to gibberellic acid and with the degeneration of the ovary wall.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00395972
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The source of gibberellins in the parthenocarpic development of ovaries on topped pea plants (1988)
    Springer
    Planta 175 (1988), S. 493-499 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Fruit set and growth (pea) ; Gibberellin biosynthesis (inhibitor) ; Gibberellin and fruit development ; Pisum (fruit development, topping)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The role and source of gibberellins (GAs) involved in the development of parthenocarpic fruits of Pisum sativum L. has been investigated. Gibberellins applied to the leaf adjacent to an emasculated ovary induced parthenocarpic fruit development on intact plants. The application of gibberellic acid (GA3) had to be done within 1 d of anthesis to be fully effective and the response was concentration-dependent. Gibberellin A1 and GA3 worked equally well and GA20 was less efficient. [3H]Gibberellin A1 applied to the leaf accumulated in the ovary and the accumulation was related to the growth response. These experiments show that GA applied to the leaf in high enough concentration is translocated to the ovary. Emasculated ovaries on decapitated pea plants develop without application of growth hormones. When [3H] GA1 was applied to the leaf adjacent to the ovary a substantial amount of radioactivity accumulated in the growing shoot of intact plants. In decapitated plants, however, this radioactivity was mainly found in the ovary. There it caused growth proportional to the accumulation of CA1. Application of LAB 150978, an inhibitor of GA biosynthesis, to decapitated plants inhibited parthenocarpic fruit development and this inhibition was counteracted by the application of GA3 (either to the fruit, or the leaf adjacent to the ovary, or through the lower cut end of the stem). All evidence taken together supports the view that parthenocarpic pea fruit development on topped plants depends on the import of gibberellins or their precursors, probably from the vegetative aerial parts of the plant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00393070
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis, characterization and thermal behaviour of Fe4(OH)11NO3·2H2O (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 34 (1988), S. 843-852 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Mittels Hydrolyse einer Lösung von Fe(NO)3)3·9H2O mit Karbamid wurde das neue basische Eisensalz Fe4(OH)11NO3·2H2O dargestellt. Aus einem Röntgenpulververfahren resultierena=9,55(3) Å,b=9,48(2) Å,c=3,074(3) Å undβ=90,57(1)° für eine monozyklische Zelle. Mittels DTA- und TG-Untersuchungen wurden die thermischen Zersetzungsreaktionen an Luft und im Stickstofffluß untersucht und die Zwischen- und Endprodukte mit röntgendiffraktionsverfahren und IR-Spectroskopie charakterisiert. Bei einer thermischen Zersetzung dieses Stoffes in einer Hochtemperatur-röntgendiffraktionskammer wird bei 900 °C elementares Eisen zusammen mit Fe(II)- und Fe(III)-oxiden gebildet.
    Abstract: Резюме Частичным гидролизо м раствора соли Fe(NO3)3 · 9H2O с мочевиной получен а новая основная соль Fe4(OH)11NO3 · 2Н2О, для которой методо м порошкового рентген оструктурного анализа была установ лена моноклинная стр уктура с параметрами ячейкиа=9,55(3) А,b=9,48(2) Å,c=3,074(3) Å иβ=90,57(1)°. Термиче ское разложение соли изучено методом ДТА и ТГ в динамическо й атмосфере воздуха и азота, а образующиеся промеж уточные и конечные продукты ре акции были охарактер изованы рентгенофазовым ана лизом и ИК спектроскопией. ¯При термическом разложе нии соли в высокотемпературно й рентгено-диффракци онной камере при 900° образует ся чистое железо вмес те с оксидами двух- и трехвалентного желе за.
    Notes: Abstract A new iron basic salt, Fe4(OH)11NO3·2H2O, has been prepared by partially hydrolyzing a solution of Fe(NO3)3·9H2O with urea. The X-ray powder diffraction pattern has been indexed within a monoclinic cella=9.99(3) Å,b=9.48(2) Å,c=3.074(3) Å andβ=90.57(1)°. Thermal decomposition reactions in still air and nitrogen flow have been studied by DTA and TG analysis, and the intermediate and final products have been characterized by X-ray diffraction and IR spectroscopy. When this material is thermally decomposed in an X-ray high temperature diffraction chamber, pure iron is formed at 900 °C together with Fe(III) and Fe(II) oxides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02331786
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nickel basic salts as inorganic precursors in the production of nickel (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 22 (1987), S. 2169-2174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The utilization of some nickel basic salts, nickel hydroxychloride and nickel hydroxynitrate, as inorganic precursors in the obtention of nickel powder, has been studied. When these materials are thermally decomposed in an X-ray high-temperature diffraction chamber, pure nickel is formed as the only compound at about 700° C but if nickel hydroxide is the starting material, small amounts of nickel oxide are always present even if the temperature is raised up to 900° C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01132955
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cobalt basic salts as inorganic precursors of cobalt oxides and cobalt metal: Thermal behaviour dependence on experimental conditions (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 23 (1988), S. 1334-1350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The influence of heating rates and environment conditions on the thermal behaviour of two cobalt basic salts,β-Co2(OH)3Cl and Co5(OH)8.5Cl1.5 · 2.5H2O, have been studied. The processes were followed using thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, and infrared spectroscopy. When decomposition reactions are carried out in a nitrogen atmosphere, Co3O4 is always formed in quantities that seem to depend on the heating rates. When decomposition processes are carried out in an X-ray high-temperature diffraction chamber, pure cobalt is obtained at 750° C as the final product. Green cobalt hydroxychloride, the composition of which determined from chemical analysis seems to correspond to the formula Co5(OH)8.5Cl1.5 · 2.5H2O or alternatively 4Co(OH)2. CoCl1.5(OH)0.5 · 2.5H2O, has been isolated as a stable compound and the evolution of this material during the ageing process has been followed by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy and BET surface-area determination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01154598
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    γ-Cu2(OH)3Cl as precursor in the preparation of copper (I) and (II) oxides and copper powder (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 21 (1986), S. 4411-4418 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Whenγ-Cu2(OH)3Cl is decomposed in air or nitrogen flow, different amounts of cuprous oxide are obtained as final product depending on both the heating rate and the ambient atmospheres. However, the temperature of formation of cuprous oxide only appears to depend on the partial pressure of oxygen. When thermal decomposition is carried out under dynamic vacuum in the X-ray high-temperature diffraction chamber, using a tantalum strip as the heating element, copper is obtained as final product at a comparatively low temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01106564
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of colchicine administration on the endothelial cells of the developing semilunar heart valves of the chick embryo (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 250 (1987), S. 595-598 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Endothelial cells ; Heart morphogenesis ; Semilunar valves ; Colchicine ; Chick embryo
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Recent ultrastructural studies have revealed that differences exist in endothelial cell shape and cytoskeletal architecture between the arterial and ventricular faces of developing semilunar valves. In the present work we analyzed the morphologic response of the valvular endothelial cells of chick embryos to colchicine by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that colchicine administration during the stages of valve morphogenesis causes a very conspicuous disruption of the endothelial layer of the arterial face of the valves. The cells appear rounded and show massive surface blebbing. These alterations were not present in the endothelial cells on the ventricular face of the valves at the same stages. On the basis of these results we suggest that a difference in the degree of cell differentiation exists between the endothelial cells of the arterial and ventricular faces of the cusps and that this difference may have morphogenetic significance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218952
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