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  • Artikel  (28)
  • Chemistry  (26)
  • Physics  (2)
  • Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
  • Computer Systems
  • 1985-1989  (28)
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  • Artikel  (28)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Synthesis and some properties of carbazole modified polyvinylchloride and the cation exchange resin therefrom (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 170 (1989), S. 115-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Durch Substitution von Chlor in PVC durch 3,6-Diamino-N-methyl-carbazol entsteht ein Kondensat, das in allen Lösungsmitteln für PVC unlöslich ist. Dieses Kondensat ist thermisch stabiler als PVC. Auch die dielektrischen Eigenschaften unterscheiden sich deutlich von denen von PVC. Die Sulfonierung des PVC-Carbazol-Kondensats liefert ein Kationenaustauscherharz mit SO3H- und COOH-Gruppen.
    Notizen: The chlorine displacement reaction between PVC and N-methylcarbazole-3,6-diamine affords a condensate which is insoluble in all possible solvents of PVC. The overall thermal stability of this condensate is appreciably higher than that of PVC. The dielectric behavior is also significantly different from that of unmodified PVC. Sulfonation of the PVC-carbazole condensate affords a cation-exchange resin with —SO3H and —COOH functional moieties.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1989.051700108
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Unified study of the mechanical and optical properties of polyoxymethylene applying the composite model for the temperature range from -60 to 120°C (1986)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 187 (1986), S. 1017-1022 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: A unified study of the optical and mechanical properties of polyoxymethylene (POM) is attempted in the framework of the composite model for a wide range of temperature (-60 to 120°C) which covers a region well below and above the γ-relaxation temperature. It was found that the existing two phase models for semicrystalline polymers are not adequate for interpreting the mechanical properties of POM over a wide temperature and drawing ratio range. The composite model takes into consideration the effects due to the change in crystallinity and orientation on drawing. The elastic moduli of the composite units are also calculated in terms of those of its constituents. The orientational changes on drawing were directly computed from the birefringence data. It was observed that the general agreement of the calculated and experimental values of the elastic moduli over the entire temperature and drawing ratio range is quite satisfactory.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1986.021870430
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Composite model calculation of the mechanical properties of polypropylene (1986)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 187 (1986), S. 1023-1034 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: The theoretical interpretation of the anisotropic elastic properties of polypropylene is given. It was found that none of the existing models provide a unified description of the mechanical and optical properties of ultradrawn polypropylene. The composite model proposed by the authors, which takes into account the change in orientation and crystallinity on drawing, was applied to investigate the elastic moduli data of polypropylene for a wide range of temperature (-40 to 110°C) and over the entire drawing ratio range. The relationship between θ and θ′, the angles made by the C-axis of the composite unit with drawing direction, was found to be adequately described by the relation tan θ = φ(n) tan θ′. It was further observed that φ(n) in the above relation obtained from birefringence data predicts the correct orientational changes on drawing for the temperature range -40 to 24°C. This makes the evaluation of mechanical properties possible without introducing any arbitrary parameter. However, it is noticed that a particular analytical form of φ(n) with two parameters is quite successful in interpreting the mechanical properties data over the entire temperature range. The abrupt changes of the parameters at certain temperatures seem to be correlated with the β-relaxation and glass transition temperature.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1986.021870431
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A composite model for the thermal conductivity of semicrystalline polymers (1987)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 188 (1987), S. 217-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: A phenomenological model is proposed which considers the polymer as an aggregate of units. The units are composed of two distinct phases  -  amorphous and crystalline. The thermal conductivity of a unit is calculated in terms of those of its constituents. In the undrawn state these units are distributed randomly, and the isotropic thermal conductivity of the bulk results. The development of strong anisotropy in thermal conductivity is explained in terms of the preferred orientation of these units. The structural features of this model are similar to those employed for the interpretation of the mechanical properties. The change in orientation of the units was deduced from the experimental data of birefringence. Finally, the results obtained from the composite model for several semicrystalline polymers are compared with the experimental data and other existing calculations. The model is found to give a fair overall description of the thermal conductivity in the cases of polypropylene, polyoxymethylene, low and high density polyethylene, and polychlorotrifluoroethylene.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1987.021880118
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Application of the composite model for the mechanical properties of high density polyethylene (1986)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 187 (1986), S. 1009-1015 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: The existing models of high density polyethylene (HDPE) fail to tackle effectively the development of mechanical anisotropy on drawing at different temperatures. This paper is concerned with the theoretical interpretation of the anisotropic elastic properties of HDPE by applying the composite model proposed by the authors. The model takes into account the change in orientation and crystallinity on drawing. As far as the orientational changes on drawing are concerned, it is seen that the pseudo affine deformation law tan θ = φ(n) · tan θ′ with φ(n) = n-3/2 is applicable at -60°C only. It is further found that the two parameter analytical form of φ(n) reproduces the correct orientational changes on drawing for the entire temperature range from -60 to 100°C. The agreement of the calculated values of E0 and E90 over the entire temperature range at all drawing ratios is quite satisfactory.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1986.021870429
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Composite model for the thermal expansivity of polymers (1988)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 189 (1988), S. 993-1000 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: The thermal expansivity of semicrystalline polymers is interpreted within the framework of the composite model which has already been found useful in describing mechanical and optical properties as well as the thermal conductivity of a large number of polymers. The model assumes the polymers to be an aggregate of units composed of crystalline and amorphous phases. The thermal expansivities of the unit are calculated in terms of those of the constituents. In the undrawn state the units are distributed randomly, and the isotropic thermal expansivity of the bulk results. The development of strong anisotropy in thermal expansivity on drawing is explained in terms of preferred orientation of the units. The orientational changes on drawing have been directly calculated from the birefringence versus draw ratio data. The results of these investigations indicate that the present model is quite successful in interpreting thermal expansivity data for poly(oxymethylene) and poly(propylene) over the entire draw ratio and temperature range.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1988.021890503
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Modified affine law for the elastic and optical properties of low density polyethylene (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 186 (1985), S. 2649-2656 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: A unified study of the anomalous mechanical properties and birefringence of low density polyethylene (LDPE) is attempted within the frame work of the rotating element model. The present paper investigates the validity of the affine transformation rule used in the Ward model and suggests a modified affine law which is based on the consideration that the units are only reoriented and, unlike the affine law, are not deformed due to the uniaxial stretching. The relationship between the angles made by the C-axis of the unit with the drawing direction in the undrawn state (θ) and the drawn state (θ), is deduced as sin θ = f(n) sin θ′. From the birefringence data of different polymers a two parameter relation of the form f (n) = exp [-(n - 1)α/β] is suggested. Using this new orientation function, the agreement of the predicted values of E0 and E90 for LDPE for the entire draw ratio range between temperatures of 60°C to -125°C, is quite satisfactory. An interesting feature is that the abrupt change in the values of the parameters α and β at two different temperatures may be associated with a phase transition of LDPE at an intermediate temperature.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1985.021861225
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of pressure on the precipitation and sol-phase aqueous polymerization of methyl methacrylate (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 35 (1988), S. 2247-2258 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Effect of pressure (atmospheric to 120 kg/cm2) on the K2S2O8-Na2S2O4-initiated aqueous polymerization of methyl methacrylate has been studied at 25°C. When the concentrations of the redox initiator are so adjusted as to obtain the separating polymer phase as a coarse coagulum, the conversion, rate, and molecular weight of polymerization tend to rise initially with increase of pressure up to a certain value and fall subsequently to a limiting value. However, these parameters fall monotonously with an increase in pressure when the polymer phase separates out as a fine colloid at a lower concentration of the initiator. The initial rise in rate is consistent with an increase in kp and or a decrease in kt under high pressure; the ultimate fall in rate may be due to a decrease in the diffusion of monomer from the aqueous phase to the growing polymer radical site. The fall in the molecular weight with pressure is explained on the basis of enhanced monomer transfer. In the colloidal range the pressure dependence trend is related to the stability of the colloidal phase. The rate is proportional to the square root of the product of K2S2O8-Na2S2O4 and varies linearly as the first power of the monomer concentration as also observed under normal pressure conditions. The MWD values of the polymers are ca. 2.5 and do not change with applied pressure.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1988.070350823
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Photopolymerization of methyl methacrylate using a combination of rhodamine 6G and benzoyl peroxide as photoinitiator in nonaqueous media (1986)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 24 (1986), S. 1053-1063 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Photopolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) in visible light was studied at 40°C using Rhodamine 6G - Benzoyl peroxide combination as photoinitiator. The photopolymerization proceeds by a free radical mechanism and the radical generation process occurs by an initial complexation reaction between the initiator components. Kinetic data indicated a lower-order dependence of Rp on initiator concentrations (initiator exponent 〈 0.5). Initiator-dependent chain termination was significant along with the bimolecular mode of chain termination.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1986.080240520
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    N-Vinylcarbazole polymerization by 3d-transition metal ion exchanged 13x molecular sieve: Dual initiation mechanism (1986)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 24 (1986), S. 363-369 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6258
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1986.140240801
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