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  • 1
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    Construction of synthetic immunogen: use of new T-helper epitope on malaria circumsporozoite protein (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-02-27
    Description: The circumsporozoite (CS) protein of Plasmodium falciparum is the focus of intense efforts to develop an antisporozoite malaria vaccine. Localization of sites for T-cell recognition on this molecule is critical for vaccine design. By using an algorithm designed to predict T-cell sites and a large panel of H-2 congenic mice, a major nonrepetitive T-cell site was located. When a synthetic peptide corresponding to this site was covalently linked to the major B-cell site on the molecule, an immunogen capable of eliciting a high-titer antibody response was formed. This peptide sequence could prime helper T cells for a secondary response to the intact CS protein. The new helper T-cell site is located outside the repetitive region of the CS protein and appears to be the immunodominant T site on the molecule. This approach should be useful in the rational design and construction of vaccines.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Good, M F -- Maloy, W L -- Lunde, M N -- Margalit, H -- Cornette, J L -- Smith, G L -- Moss, B -- Miller, L H -- Berzofsky, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Feb 27;235(4792):1059-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2434994" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibody Formation ; Antigens, Protozoan/immunology ; Antigens, Surface/*immunology ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Epitopes/*immunology ; Mice ; Peptide Fragments/chemical synthesis/*immunology ; Plasmodium falciparum/*immunology ; *Protozoan Proteins ; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/immunology ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/*immunology ; Vaccines/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Photometry from Voyager 2 - Initial results from the Uranian atmosphere, satellites, and rings (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The results of Voyager 2 photopolarimetry (PPS) surveys of Uranus, the ring system, occultation experiments and observations of the Uranian moons are reported. Dual-channel photometry and polarimetry data obtained of the atmosphere at various emission and phase angles are delineated and compared with characteristics of the Saturn and Jupiter atmospheres. The results of temperature, UV absorption and density profile calculations are also discussed. Extensive ring dimensional data, based on two occultation experiments, are provided in tabular form noting that the rings contain no dust. Finally, the geometric albedos of the five major moons and the phase curve of the moon Titania are presented. The latter data indicate that Titanian surface features are not the result of recent events such as volcanism or ice slurry outflows.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Science (ISSN 0036-8075); 233; 65-70
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Purification and complementary DNA cloning of a receptor for basic fibroblast growth factor (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-07-07
    Description: Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) participates in many processes including early developmental events, angiogenesis, wound healing, and maintenance of neuronal cell viability. A 130-kilodalton protein was isolated on the basis of its ability to specifically bind to bFGF. A complementary DNA clone was isolated with an oligonucleotide probe corresponding to determined amino acid sequences of tryptic peptide fragments of the purified protein. The putative bFGF receptor encoded by this complementary DNA is a transmembrane protein that contains three extracellular immunoglobulin-like domains, an unusual acidic region, and an intracellular tyrosine kinase domain. These domains are arranged in a pattern that is different from that of any growth factor receptor described.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, P L -- Johnson, D E -- Cousens, L S -- Fried, V A -- Williams, L T -- CA 21765/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL32898/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jul 7;245(4913):57-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco 94143.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2544996" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; *Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/*genetics ; Fibroblast Growth Factors/*genetics ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Peptide Fragments/analysis ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Reversal of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis with monoclonal antibody to a T-cell subset marker (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-01-25
    Description: Administration of a monoclonal antibody (GK1.5) that recognizes the L3T4 marker present on helper T cells prevented the development of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice. Furthermore, treatment with GK1.5 reversed EAE when the antibody was given to paralyzed animals. In vivo injection of GK1.5 selectively reduced the number of L3T4+ cells in the spleen and the lymph nodes. These results suggest that manipulation of the human equivalent of the murine L3T4+ T-cell subset with monoclonal antibodies may provide effective therapy for certain autoimmune diseases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Waldor, M K -- Sriram, S -- Hardy, R -- Herzenberg, L A -- Lanier, L -- Lim, M -- Steinman, L -- GM-17367/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- NS-18235/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS-571/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jan 25;227(4685):415-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3155574" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*therapeutic use ; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/pathology/*therapy ; Leukocyte Count ; Lymph Nodes/pathology ; Mice ; Spleen/pathology ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Expression of Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite proteins in Escherichia coli for potential use in a human malaria vaccine (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-05-24
    Description: The circumsporozoite (CS) protein of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum may be the most promising target for the development of a malaria vaccine. In this study, proteins composed of 16, 32, or 48 tandem copies of a tetrapeptide repeating sequence found in the CS protein were efficiently expressed in the bacterium Escherichia coli. When injected into mice, these recombinant products resulted in the production of high titers of antibodies that reacted with the authentic CS protein on live sporozoites and blocked sporozoite invasion of human hepatoma cells in vitro. These CS protein derivatives are therefore candidates for a human malaria vaccine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Young, J F -- Hockmeyer, W T -- Gross, M -- Ballou, W R -- Wirtz, R A -- Trosper, J H -- Beaudoin, R L -- Hollingdale, M R -- Miller, L H -- Diggs, C L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 May 24;228(4702):958-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2988125" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antibody Formation ; Antigens, Surface/genetics/*immunology ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cross Reactions ; DNA, Recombinant ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; Malaria/*prevention & control ; Mice ; Plasmodium/immunology ; Plasmodium falciparum/genetics/*immunology/physiology ; *Protozoan Proteins ; Vaccines/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Production of immunoglobulin isotypes by Ly-1+ B cells in viable motheaten and normal mice (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-06-13
    Description: Almost all B cells in autoimmune mice with the viable motheaten (mev) mutation express the Ly-1 cell surface antigen, which marks a minor population of B cells constituting a separate lineage in normal mice. Immunoglobulins primarily of the M and G3 classes, which in both normal and mev mice contain high levels of lambda light chain, are produced in excess in mev mice. These and other observations suggest that the development of B cells that express Ly-1 is regulated independently from the development of B cells that do not express Ly-1. B cells bearing the Ly-1 surface antigen may play specialized roles in the normal immune system and in autoimmunity by regulating other B cells via lymphokines, by producing antibodies to self and certain foreign antigens, and by preferentially secreting immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sidman, C L -- Shultz, L D -- Hardy, R R -- Hayakawa, K -- Herzenberg, L A -- AI-20232/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- CA-20408/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-35845/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jun 13;232(4756):1423-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3487115" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, Ly/*immunology ; Autoimmune Diseases/genetics/*immunology ; B-Lymphocytes/classification/*immunology ; Flow Cytometry ; Immunoglobulin D/metabolism ; Immunoglobulin G/metabolism ; Immunoglobulin M/metabolism ; Immunoglobulins/analysis ; Lymph Nodes/cytology ; Mice ; Mice, Mutant Strains/*immunology ; Peritoneal Cavity/cytology ; Spleen/cytology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Genetic ablation: targeted expression of a toxin gene causes microphthalmia in transgenic mice (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-12-11
    Description: Lineage-specific regulatory elements can be used to direct expression of a variety of genes to specific tissues in transgenic mice. If the hybrid constructs contain a gene encoding a cytotoxic gene product, then genetic ablation of a specific cell lineage can be achieved. We have generated six transgenic mice by introducing into fertilized eggs the mouse gamma 2-crystallin promoter fused to the coding region of the diphtheria toxin A-chain gene. Three of these mice and all the transgenic offspring analyzed were microphthalmic. The lenses of these mice displayed considerable heterogeneity: some were almost normal morphologically but reduced in size, whereas others were grossly aberrant and deficient in nuclear fiber cells. These studies indicate that programmed ablation of specific cell types can be stably transmitted through the germ line.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Breitman, M L -- Clapoff, S -- Rossant, J -- Tsui, L C -- Glode, L M -- Maxwell, I H -- Bernstein, A -- CA 42354/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Dec 11;238(4833):1563-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Mount Sinai Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3685993" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Crystallins/*genetics ; Diphtheria Toxin/*genetics ; Eye/pathology ; *Genes ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Microphthalmos/*genetics/pathology ; Promoter Regions, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Efficacy of murine malaria sporozoite vaccines: implications for human vaccine development (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-04-24
    Description: As part of a study of potential vaccines against malaria, the protective efficacy of sporozoite subunit vaccines was determined by using the Plasmodium berghei murine malaria model. Mice were immunized with recombinant DNA-produced or synthetic peptide-carrier subunit vaccines derived from the repetitive epitopes of the Plasmodium berghei circumsporozoite gene, or with radiation-attenuated sporozoites. Immunization with subunit vaccines elicited humoral responses that were equivalent to or greater than those elicited by irradiated sporozoites, yet the protection against sporozoite challenge induced by either of the subunit vaccines was far less than that achieved by immunization with attenuated sporozoites. Passive and adoptive transfer studies demonstrated that subunit vaccines elicited predominantly antibody-mediated protection that was easily overcome whereas irradiated sporozoites induced potent cell-mediated immunity that protected against high challenge doses of sporozoites. These studies indicate that new strategies designed to induce cellular immunity will be required for efficacious sporozoite vaccines.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Egan, J E -- Weber, J L -- Ballou, W R -- Hollingdale, M R -- Majarian, W R -- Gordon, D M -- Maloy, W L -- Hoffman, S L -- Wirtz, R A -- Schneider, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Apr 24;236(4800):453-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3551073" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antigens, Protozoan ; Antigens, Surface/*immunology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic ; Immunity, Cellular ; Immunization, Passive ; Malaria/*prevention & control ; Mice ; Oligopeptides/immunology ; Plasmodium berghei/*immunology ; *Protozoan Proteins ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/immunology ; *Vaccines, Synthetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Planetary research at Lowell Observatory (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Narrowband CCD profiles of C2 and grains in several comets (including P/Halley and P/Giacobini-Zinner) were performed. Rotational light curves were made of Comet P/Arend-Rigaux (visible and infrared) yielding the size, shape, albedo, and rotation period of the nucleus. Production rates were measured as a function of heliocentric distance for OH, CN, and C2 in P/Giacobini-Zinner and for OH, NH, CN, C3, and C2 in P/Halley. Detection and measurement was made of forbidden (O I) lines near 6300 and 5577 A in P/Halley, permitting the production rate of oxygen from CO to be distinguished from that from H2O. Identification of C-12C-13 lines in cometary spectra indicating a possible enrichment of C-13 over the telluric value was made. An assessment of techniques for detecting (determining the existence of) a trans-Neptunian comet belt is included.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA, Washington Reports of Planetary Astronomy, 1985; p 68-70
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    Emplacement of Long Lava Flows on Mauna Loa (hawaii) and Alba (mars) (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-08
    Description: Spacecraft images revealed that extremely long lava flows (more than 200 km long) exist on the surface of Mars and Io. Compared to terrestial volcanic eruptions, the occurrence of these long flows is very unusual, and may hint at a different style of either magma production or eruption. Attempts to model the emplacement of the long flows on other planets, using a Bingham rheological model, were only partially successful. The objective is to conduct field measurements on long lava flows in Hawaii (where individual flows such as those of 1859 and 1881 exceed 40 km in length) in order to document and interpret their flow characteristics. In this way, a better understanding of the formation of long lava flows is sought as well as a determination of whether the Mauna Loa flows are terrestrial analogs to the long flows seen on Mars and Io.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA, Washington Repts. of Planetary Geol. and Geophys. Program; p 248-250
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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