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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 5 (1987), S. 143-147 
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Radioligand binding ; HeLa cells ; beta-adrenergic receptor ; cell morphology ; non-specific binding ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Harvesting of plated growing HeLa cells, followed by incubation of these cells without any addition at 37°C was found to cause changes in the cell shape. This phenomenon is accompanied by a diminished binding of the beta-adrenergic antagonist [3H]-dihydroalprenolol and the alpha-adrenergic antagonist phentolamine to a binding compartment not representing beta-adrenergic receptors. These binding sites have a high affinity for hydrophobic agents and most probably represent lipophilic structures in the cellular membrane. Changes in the cell shape obviously cause alterations in the physical properties of the plasma membrane. This might lead to misinterpretations of the results from experiments in which the redistribution of beta-adrenergic receptors is followed during incubation with agonists, as receptor occupation with subsequent receptor redistribution is possibly accompanied by effects on the membrane microviscosity.It is concluded that investigations performed in order to follow physiological events like receptor redistribution and desensitization processes, may be obfuscated by changes in the normal physical state of the living cells.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 131 (1987), S. 36-42 
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Treatment of murine peritoneal macrophages for 30 min with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) resulted in a transient increase in c-fos proto-oncogene mRNA levels (Introna et al., 1986). After 2 h from the initial treatment, c-fos mRNA could no longer be detected and its expression could not be restimulated either by LPS or by other signals including colony stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), both of which are able to induce expression of the c-fos gene in unstimulated macrophages. When LPS was removed after an initial 30 min incubation, responsiveness to a second exposure to LPS began to reappear after 3 h and was completely restored by 20 h. The same pattern of desensitization of c-fos induction was observed when CSF-1 stimulated macrophages were subsequently exposed to LPS. The loss of sensitivity to PMA following pretreatment with LPS was selective for c-fos expression as LPS treated macrophages remained responsive to PMA with respect to the ability to stimulate secretion of H2O2. The mechanism of desensitization was localized, at least in part, at the level of transcription as demonstrated by analysis of c-fos transcripts in nuclei isolated from macrophages pretreated and restimulated with LPS.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 99 (1987), S. 1242-1250 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die moderne NMR-Spektroskopie, insbesondere die zweidimensionalen Meßmethoden, eröffnen auch für die Strukturaufklärung von Organolithium-Verbindungen neue Wege, wobei das Zusammenspiel der 1H-, 13C- und 6(7)Li-NMR-Spektroskopie besonders nützlich ist. So ermöglichen homo- und heteronucleare Verschiebungskorrelationen die komplette Zuordnung der 1H-, 13C- und 6Li-NMR-Spektren und geben damit wichtige Aufschlüsse über die in Lösung vorliegenden Aggregate und Komplexe. Nachbarschaften von 6Li und 1H lassen sich zudem durch Kern-Overhauser-Experimente nachweisen und die 6(7)Li-NMR-Austauschspektroskopie liefert Informationen über Mechanismen und Energetik in Lösung ablaufender dynamischer Prozesse wie Aggregataustausch und Komplexierung. Anwendungsbereiche dieser neu konzipierten ein- und zweidimensionalen NMR-Experimente werden  -  nach einer kurzen Beschreibung der wichtigsten experimentellen Aspekte sowie der typischen NMR-Parameter dieser Verbindungsklasse  -  anhand ausgewählter Beispiele erläutert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß von hochauflösenden NMR-spektroskopischen Untersuchungen lithiumorganischer Verbindungen in Zukunft noch detailliertere Auskünfte über Struktur und Reaktionsweisen dieser für die organische Synthese wichtigen Stoffklasse zu erwarten sind.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 26 (1987), S. 1212-1220 
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: NMR spectroscopy ; Organolithium compounds ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Modern methods of NMR spectroscopy, in particular the two-dimensional techniques, offer new chances for structure determinations in the field of organolithium compounds, where the combination of 1H-, 13C-, and 6(7)Li-NMR spectroscopy is an especially useful feature. Chemical shift correlations which also include the lithium nuclei allow a complete assignment of the 1H-, 13C-, and 6Li-NMR spectra and thereby a better characterization of the various aggregates and complexes present in solution. Spatial proximities of 6Li and 1H can be detected by nuclear Overhauser experiments, and 6(7)Li-NMR exchange spectroscopy can provide new information with regard to the mechanisms and energetics of dynamic processes like aggregate interchange and complexation. After a short resumé of the experimental aspects of the NMR spectroscopy of organolithium compounds and a discussion of the NMR parameters of these systems, new experimental techniques are presented. Areas of application of these newly conceived one- and two-dimensional NMR experiments are illustrated with selected examples. The results show that even more detailed information about the structure and reactivity of organolithium compounds, which are so important for organic synthesis, can be expected in the future.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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