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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The conversion of a field-emission scanning electron microscope to a high-resolution, high-performance scanning transmission electron microscope, while maintaining original functions (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Electron Microscopy Technique 6 (1987), S. 15-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 0741-0581
    Keywords: STEM ; On-line computer system ; Digital image processing ; Unstained biological specimen ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Recently, the reliability of field-emission electron guns has increased. In addition, the cost of computer systems for on-line processing has dropped. Hence, we should now consider the use of scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) for routine work, especially, in the field of biology where one may expect to utilize digital image processing techniques.An STEM has been constructed, without disturbing the original functions, by converting a commercial scanning electron microscope equipped with a fieldemission gun. The STEM is generally operated at accelerating voltage 30 kV, focal length 7.5 mm, and beam current 1-2 × 10-10 A. Several improvements have been incorporated for removing the effects of vibration, contamination, and stray magnetic fields. Also, an adjustable detector aperture was utilized. The modified instrument was connected to an on-line digital image processing system for utilizing the information obtained from STEM images. The advantages of the modified system were studied from various viewpoints.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1060060104
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serial section reconstruction using a computer graphics system: Applications to intracellular structures in yeast cells and to the periodontal structure of dogs' teeth (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Electron Microscopy Technique 11 (1989), S. 16-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 0741-0581
    Keywords: 3-D reconstruction ; Computer graphics ; Serial sections ; Yeast target cell ; Tooth movement ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: A computer graphics system for reconstruction from serial section micrographs was applied to intracellular details of a yeast target cell (Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell) induced by the α factor mating pheromone and was also applied to a periodontal structure of a dog tooth moved orthodontically. In the former, intracellular organelles and a distribution of vesicles could be clearly observed through the cell membrane using the transparent display method in which the smoothing of the reconstructed outer cell membrane surface by computer processing was applied to the transparent display. In the latter case, by cutting through a reconstructed dog tooth and its periodontal tissues, labiolingual and mesiodistal cut surfaces of the tooth and of adjacent alveolar bone could be observed with fine details (232 sections were used).
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1060110104
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High time-resolution analysis of transient bending patterns during ciliary responses following electric stimulation in sea urchin embryos (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 7 (1987), S. 198-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: high-speed microcinematography ; Hemicentrotus ; primitive response ; ciliary reversal ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Transient ciliary movement during responses to electric stimulation of embryos of the sea urchin, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus, was analyzed in terms of angular direction with a time resolution of approximately 2 ms with high-speed microcinematography. In the primitive response, which can be induced only in the early stages of development of the embryo, bending transients always started with a short pause in the middle of the effective stroke, irrespective of beat position on stimulation. In the reversal response, induced only in the late stages of development, bending transients occurred with a delay as short as some 10 ms from stimulation, and with a transient sharp deviation from the normal beat before the cilium took the position of the beginning of the recovery stroke of the reversed beat. The delay was significantly shorter at the base than at the tip, suggesting that some form of signal travels along the cilium; the speed was ten times higher than that of propagating bends in the normal beat. These facts indicate that the sensitivity to internal changes resulting from stimulation of the axoneme may vary with development, ciliary beat positions, and regions along the cilium.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970070303
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An approach to digital image analysis of bending shapes of eukaryotic flagella and cilia (1985)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 5 (1985), S. 475-489 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: digital image processing ; flagella ; cilia ; bends ; Hemicentrotus ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A novel method of digital image analysis of the bends of eukaryotic flagella and cilia was devised. In the analysis system, all image pixels were systematically extracted and processed to measure angular direction and curvature. Simulation experiments on theoretical model pictures of flagella with sine-generated or arcstraight line bending waves demonstrated that the method can be used with considerable high accuracy. This method then revealed abrupt changes in slope of the curvature in sperm flagella and embryo cilia of the sea urchin, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus. This indicates that the digital image processing used may be helpful in the study of flagellar and ciliary movements.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970050605
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flagellar quiescence and transience of inactivation induced by rapid pH drop (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 10 (1988), S. 374-379 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: flagellar movement ; reactivation ; sea urchin sperm ; pH jump ; sliding-bending conversion ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The effects of rapid pH drop on the flagellar movement of reactivated sea urchin sperm were studied by video microscopy and by a newly developed pH jump method. Triton-demembranated sperm were reactivated in a thin layer of the reactivation medium containing ATP and potassium acetate and supported by a ring-shaped Millipore filter stuck to the lower surface of a supported coverslip. The pH of the medium was lowered rapidly by dissolving acetic acid vapor abruptly introduced into a gap between the cover and slide. Flagellar beating ceased immediately when the pH of the reactivation medium was lowered. At least two types of cessation were distinguished: (1) “instantaneous” cessation in a bent form closely resembling those characteristic of steady-state beating before pH drop (waveform freeze), and (2) flagellar quiescence in a cane-shaped form resembling those characteristic of Ca-induced quiescence (cane-shaped quiescence). The flagellum again began beating if the pH was raised to normal but eventually was disintegrated by tubule sliding if the pH was left lowered. Field-by-field analysis of the transient movement of flagella becoming quiescent upon pH drop demonstrated that the proximal bend of the cane-shaped form corresponded to the principal bend of the steady-state beating in some flagella, but in others, to the reverse bend. These observations indicate that low pHs affect flagellar beating by interfering with sliding-bending conversion by a mechanism different from that previously reported.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970100304
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New mixing device for gradient elution (1986)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 9 (1986), S. 537-538 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Liquid chromatography, HPLC ; Reversed-phase made ; Mixing chamber ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240090913
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on drug metabolism by use of isotopes XXVIII - biological isotope effect for deuterated ephedrineFor Part XXVII see Ref. 1. (1986)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 13 (1986), S. 137-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The stability of the deuterium label and the occurrence of an isotope effect for deuterated ( - )-ephedrine during metabolic processes were investigated. Determination of the deuterium content in deuterated ( - )-ephedrine and its metabolites excreted into urine showed that little, if any, deuterium exchange had occurred. In rats, a slight isotope effect was observed for p-hydroxylation (about 15%) and glucuronide formation of p-hydroxyephedrine and/or its enzymatic hydrolysis (about 20%). In human subjects, there was about 15% difference in the excretion of norephedrine between deuterated and non-deuterated species.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200130308
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on drug metabolism by use of isotopes XXIX - studies of the differences in biological fates of ephedrine isomers by use of a pseudo-racemic mixtureFor Part XXVII see Ref. 1. (1986)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 13 (1986), S. 141-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The differences in metabolic fates of the optical isomers of ephedrine were investigated by use of a pseudo-racemic mixture technique. In rats, the ( - )-isomer was more easily p-hydroxylated than the (+)-isomer. A stereoselective reaction in the formation of the glucuronides of ephedrine, norephedrine and p-hydroxyephedrine was observed. The ( - )-isomers were more easily subjected to glucuronide formation than the (+)-isomers. In human subjects, N-demethylation proved to be a steroselective reaction. It is also suspected that oxidative dealkylation of norephedrine is a stereoselective reaction.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200130309
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetic studies of testosterone propionate using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry/selected Ion monitoring (1988)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 16 (1988), S. 241-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A sensitive and accurate method for the quantitative estimation of testosterone propionate in human plasma was developed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry/selected ion monitoring. The method employing stable isotopically labelled testosterone propionate as tracer was employed to follow the time course of plasma testosterone propionate and its active metabolite testosterone in normal men. Intramuscularly administered (19,19,19-2H3)testosterone propionate was readily transferred from the injection site to systemic circulation. Plasma (19,19,19-2H3)testosterone levels were maintained above the physiological testosterone level for 48 h, while plasma levels of endogenous testosterone changed little.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200160144
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heats of dilution of poly[styrene-ran-(butyl methacrylate)] solutions measured with an automatic flow microcalorimeter (1987)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 188 (1987), S. 2721-2732 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: In order to obtain information about the thermodynamic behaviour of copolymers in solution, we built an automatic flow microcalorimeter equipped with a computer that satisfies the requirements of accuracy, reliability, and rapidity for the measurement of heats of dilution of copolymer solutions. By using this apparatus, the heats of dilution of the random copolymer, poly[styrene-ran-(butyl methacrylate)] in ethyl methyl ketone solutions were measured at 298 K. Furthermore, light scattering of the copolymer and its constituent homopolymer solutions was measured at 298 K. From the combination of the heat of dilution and the light scattering results, thermodynamic and intramolecular interaction parameters of the copolymer chain were determined.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1987.021881123
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