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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of sulfated glycoconjugates on capacitation and the acrosome reaction of bovine and hamster spermatozoa (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Gamete Research 24 (1989), S. 403-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: heparin ; fertilization ; dextran sulfate ; fucose sulfate glycoconjugate ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The effects of sulfated glycoconjugates on the preparation of mammalian sperm for fertilization were investigated. The three sulfated glycoconjugates tested were heparin, dextran sulfate, and the fucose sulfate glycoconjugate (FSG) from the sea urchin egg jelly coat. In vivo, FSG induces the acrosome reaction in sea urchin sperm. Bovine sperm were found to be capacitated by heparin and FSG as judged both by ability of lysophosphatidylcholine (LC) to induce an acrosome reaction and by ability to fertilize bovine oocytes in vitro. The mechanism by which heparin or FSG capacitated bovine sperm appeared similar, since glucose inhibited capacitation by both glycoconjugates. In contrast to effects on bovine sperm, heparin and FSG induced the acrosome reaction in capacitated hamster sperm. When hamster sperm were incubated under noncapacitating conditions, heparin had no effect on capacitation or the acrosome reaction. Three molecular weights (MW) of dextran sulfate (5,000, 8,000, 500,000) were found to capacitate bovine sperm as judged by the ability of LC to induce an acrosome reaction. Whereas bovine sperm incubated with 5,000 or 8,000 M W dextran sulfate fertilized more bovine oocytes than control sperm (P 〈0.05), sperm treated with 500,000 M W dextran sulfate failed to penetrate oocytes. The high-MW dextran sulfate appeared to interact with the zona pellucida and/or sperm to prevent sperm binding. Results suggest that sulfated glycoconjugates may prepare sperm for fertilization across a wide range of species.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1120240407
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential expression of metastasis-associated cell surface glycoproteins and mRNA in a murine large cell lymphoma (1986)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 31 (1986), S. 305-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: tumor metastasis ; gene expression ; oncogenes ; virus antigens ; glycoproteins ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: A metastatic variant cell subline of the Abelson virus-transformed murine large lymphoma/lymphosarcoma RAW 117 has been selected in vivo ten times for liver colonization. Highly metastatic subline RAW117-H10 forms greater than 200 times as many gross surface liver tumor nodules as the parental line RAW117-P. Analysis of cellular proteins and glycoproteins indicates reduced expression of murine Moloney leukemia virus-associated p15, p30, and gp70, and increased expression of a sialoglycoprotein, gp150, in the highly metastatic H10 cells. Northern analyses of oncogene expression suggested that mRNA of various oncogenes was expressed equally or not expressed in the RAW117 cells of differing metastatic potential. Differential gene expression was examined using a cDNA library of 17,600 clones established from poly A+ mRNA isolated from H10 cells. The cDNA library was screened by the colony hybridization technique using probes made from both RAW117-P and -H10 cells. Approximately 99.5% of these cDNA clones were expressed identically in P and H10 cells. Of the few differentially expressed cDNA clones (approx. 150/17,600), one-half of these were identified as Moloney leukemia virus sequences in a separate probing with a radiolabeled Moloney leukemia virus probe. The remainder of the differentially expressed mRNA detected by colony hybridization of the cDNA library were expressed at higher levels (approx. 1/6) or lower levels (approx. 1/3) in the highly metastatic H10 cells.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240310408
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyploid fragile strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae - a novel source of proteins for nutritional purposes (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 4 (1988), S. 219-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Single-cell proteins ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; fragile mutants ; srb1 ; lysis ; polyploids ; protein extracts ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A series of prototrophic fragile strains of different ploidy (2n, 3n and 4n) has been genetically constructed on the basis ofhalopoid srb1 containing segregants of the fragile Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant VY 1160. The strains have been characterized by several criteria. In regard to generation time, biomass yield, and nucleic acids content of the cells, the tetraploid srb1 homozygous hybrid is indistinguishable from an industrial strain of S. cerevisiae. However, it is characterized by a higher protein content. Unlikely any other laboratory or industrial strains, the original mutant and these hybrids possess an ability for lysis upon suspension in hypotonic solutions. The dependence of the percentge of lysed cells on the growth phase and concentration of osmotic stabilizer in the medium has been investigated. The quantity of proteins in the soluble fractions obtained after lysis of these strains by osmotic shock has been determined. These hybrids can be considered as a potential industrial source of potentials for nutritional purposes.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320040307
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unique isoactins in the brush border of rat intestinal epithelial cells (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 11 (1988), S. 318-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: actin ; contractile proteins ; microvilli ; cytoskeleton ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The mammalian genome contains 20-30 genes encoding a family of actins. To date, however, only six proteins (four muscle and two nonmuscle isoforms) encoded by this multigene complex have been identified. We have isolated two actins from the brush border of rat intestinal epithelial cells that have isoelectric points and N-terminal peptides characteristic of the cytoplasmic β- and γ-actins. However, using a panel of actin-specific monoclonal antibodies, we show that these actins contain a set of epitopes that distinguishes them from any of the known cytoplasmic or muscle isoforms. These unique actins share features of both the nonmuscle and muscle isoforms, suggesting that they represent an intermediate in the evolution of the specialized muscle actins.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970110409
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rearrangement of tubulin, actin, and myosin in cultured ventricular cardiomyocytes of the adult rat (1986)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 6 (1986), S. 291-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: cytoskeleton ; microtubule ; microfilament ; adult ; culture ; cardiac ; myocyte ; immunofluorescence ; antibodies ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Antitubulin, phalloidin. and antimyosin were used to study the distribution of microtubules, microfilaments, and myofibrils in cultured adult cardiomyocytes. These cells undergo a stereotypic sequence of morphological change in which myotypic features are lost and then reconstructed during a period of polymorphic growth. Microtubules, though rearranged during these events in culture, are always present in an organized network. Myosin and actin structures, on the other hand, initially degenerate. This initial degeneration is reversed when a cell attaches to the culture substratum. Upon attachment, new microtubules are laid down as a cortical network adjacent to the sarcolemma and, subsequently, as a network in the basal part of the cell. Actin and then myosin filament bundles appear next, in a pattern corresponding to the pattern of the microtubules. Finally, striated myofibrils are formed, first in the central part of the cell, and subsequently in the outgrowing processes of the cell, A mechanism is suggested by which the eventual polymorphic shape of a cell is related to the shape of its initial area of contact with the culture substratum. Finally, a model of myofibrillogenesis is proposed in which microtubules participate in the insertion of myosin among previously formed actin filament bundles to produce myofibrils.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970060306
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Video analysis of chemotactic locomotion of stored human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (1986)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 6 (1986), S. 485-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: PMN chemotaxis ; PMN storage ; PMN locomotion ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Previous studies of the storage of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) have used an empirical approach to define “optimal” conditions. To date, no storage conditions have been described which satisfactorily preserve the chemotactic function of PMNs beyond 24 h. In an effort to define the precise nature of the storage lesion, we studied the chemotactic locomotion of freshly isolated PMNs and PMNs which had been suspended in citrate-phosphate-dextrose-adenine (CPD-Al) plasma and stored in PVC bags, at 20-22°C for 24 h. We used time-lapse video recording and computer image analysis to quantitate the motion of PMNs migrating under agarose. The positions of individual motile cells were traced at 1-min intervals for 5 min. The following parameters were used to quantitate migration: (1) speed (distance/min), (2)) persistence of locomotion index (velocity/speed), (3) orientation angle (the angle of the vector describing the next displacement of a cell relative lo a direct line toward the chemoattractant), and (4) chemotropic index (cosine of the orientation angle). After 24 h of storage, the following changes were observed: (1) fewer cells migrated, (2) (he speed of migrating cells was reduced by 25%, (3) the persistence of locomotion index decreased by 7%, which indicates that migrating cells made slightly more/wider turns, and (4) the chemotropic index was decreased by 30%, which indicates that migrating cells were less accurate in their orientation toward the chemoattractant. Apparently, the storage of PMNs selectively impairs the ability of some cells to orient accurately in a chemotactic gradient and changes the distribution of these locomotor parameters within the population.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970060507
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interacting genes identify interacting proteins involved in microtubule function in Drosophila (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 14 (1989), S. 128-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970140122
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of sterol acceptors that stimulate cholesterol efflux from human spermatozoa during in vitro capacitation (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Gamete Research 20 (1988), S. 185-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: acrosome reaction ; fertilization ; lipoproteins ; lipids ; albumin ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The nature of cholesterol-binding proteins acting upon human spermatozoa during in vitro capacitation was determined by measuring the efflux of [3H]cholesterol and of [3H]cholesteryl sulfate from labeled spermatozoa. Efflux of [3H]sterols was stimulated when the labeled gametes were incubated in Ham's F-10 medium supplemented with female serum or follicular fluid. Upon centrifugation of capacitated spermatozoa and application of the supernatant to density-gradient ultracentrifugation for lipoprotein analysis, both [3H]cholesterol and [3H]cholesteryl sulfate were found to be carried by very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), high-density lipoproteins (HDL), as well as the albumin fraction (d 〉 1.21) in serum. When the capacitation medium was supplemented with follicular fluid, the [3H]sterols were bound to HDL's and to the albumin fraction; when the latter fraction was analysed by molecular sieve chromatography, 60-70% of the radioactivity eluted in fractions with a mean molecular weight corresponding to that of human serum albumin. Sperm cholesterol efflux was also stimulated when serum or follicular fluid was added to a simplified medium (50 mM Tris-HCl, 0.56% NaCl, pH 7.8); efflux of [3H]cholesterol from labeled gametes progressed in a time-dependent manner, but was low in the absence of serum components. The [3H]cholesterol/cholesterol ratios were higher in the albumin and HDL fractions, indicating some degree of specificity of these sterol acceptors. It was observed that follicular fluid albumin has a [3H]sterol binding capacity that is 2 - 3-fold higher than that of serum albumin. Commercial human serum albumin also promoted sperm cholesterol efflux. These results provide new information concerning those components of follicular fluid which may play a role in human sperm capacitation and provide further support for the concept that loss of cholesterol from the sperm plasma membrane is an important component of the capacitation process.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1120200209
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Culture of in vitro fertilized rabbit ova (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Gamete Research 20 (1988), S. 431-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: oocytes ; embryo culture ; in-vitro fertilization ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Embryonic development of in-vitro fertilized rabbit ova was assessed following in-vitro culture in four different serum supplemented media. A mixture of Basal Medium Eagle (BME) and Ham's F10 medium (1:1) provided better support for in-vitro development than Ham's F10, BME, or regular acidic saline (RAS). In-vitro embryonic development in the BME/Ham's F10 mixture was synchronous with in-vivo development through at least 55 hr of culture. After 54 hr of culture, embryos transferred to the oviduct of a synchronous pseudopregnant recipient were able to implant at the same rate as simultaneously transferred embryos grown in vivo. BME/Ham's F10 supplemented with 10% newborn calf serum was highly supportive of rabbit embryo development following in-vitro fertilization.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1120200405
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Failure of spermatozoa from T/t mice to fertilize in vitro is overcome by zona drilling (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Gamete Research 22 (1989), S. 369-373 
    Details
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: assisted fertilization ; t-locus mice ; in vitro fertilization ; infertility ; mouse ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Failure of epididymal spermatozoa from T/t mutant mice, but not from t/t individuals, to fertilize oocytes in vitro was partially overcome by opening a small aperture in the zona pellucida with acidified Tyrode's solution to permit direct access of the spermatozoon to the vitellus. This study provides a model system to evaluate requirements for successful zona drilling in the treatment of human infertility and further insights into the effects of the t complex on sperm fertility.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1120220403
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