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  • 1
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    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-16
    Beschreibung: Methods are presented for solving radiative transfer problems; they include the doubling method and the closely related matrix method, iterative method, Chandrasekhar's method of discrete ordinates, and Monte Carlo method. To consider radiation transport through turbid atmosphere, an atmospheric model was developed characterizing aerosols by parameters. Intensity and polarization of radiation in turbid atmospheres is discussed, as well as lower atmospheric heating due to solar radiation absorption by aerosols.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Calif. Univ. Proc. of the UCLA Intern. Conf. on Radiation and Remote Probing of the Atmosphere; p 74-134
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-19
    Beschreibung: As a part of the Antarctic MAP activity, a ground-based spectroscopic observation of atmospheric infrared transmission was started at Syowa station (69 deg 00'S, 39 deg 35'E) in March 24, 1983. Observations of sunlight as a radiation source were made with a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer having a maximum path difference of 80 mm and an apodized FWHM resolution of approx. 0.12/cm. In routine operation through the year, the resolution of approx. 0.8/cm was applied for economy of data-processing time. The 408 spectra for 72 days were obtained in about 10 months until January 23, 1984. From the absorption features revealed in the spectra over the wave number range of 500 to 7500/cm, a preliminary estimate of N202 gamma sub 1 band absorption was attempted. An apparent transmittance was defined at the wave number 2576/cm, where the absorption by N20 molecules affected the observed intensity strongly. A ray-tracing technique and a line-by-line calculation with a model atmosphere and the AFGL atmospheric absorption line parameters compilation were applied to the calculation of the synthetic spectra.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: International Council of Scientific Unions Handbook for MAP, Vol. 18; 3 p
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-06-28
    Beschreibung: Heating of heavy ions by the electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves, which are driven by proton temperature anisotropies, is studied by means of hybrid particle simulations. Initially, relaxation of the temperature anisotropies in the proton distribution and isotropic heating of the heavy ions are observed (phase I), followed by substantial perpendicular heating of the heavy ions (phase II). The heavy ions are distinctly gyrophase modulated by the EMIC waves. The isotropic heating in phase I is due to magnetic trapping by the excited proton cyclotron waves. The perpendicular heating in phase II is attributed to cyclotron resonance with the EMIC waves, which becomes possible by means of the preceding heating in phase I. Saturation of the EMIC instability is instead attributed to magnetic trapping of the majority ions: protons. When the proton anisotropy is very large, frequency shift (decrease) of the proton cyclotron waves to less than 1/2 Ohm(p) is observed. The present mechanism is not only relevant to He(+) heating in the dayside equator of the magnetosphere, but it also predicts hot He2(+) ions behind the earth's bow shock.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 90; 6459-646
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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